RFLP mapping of isozymes, RAPD and QTLs for grain shape, brown planthopper resistance in a doubled haploid rice population (original) (raw)
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Planthopper Resistance in a Doubled Haploid Rice Population
1996
We have developed an RFLP framework map with 146 RFLP markers based on a doubled haploid population derived from a cross between an indica variety IR64 and a japonica variety Azucena. The population carries 50.2% of IR64 loci and 49.8 % of Azucena loci, indicating an equal amount of genetic materials from each parent has been transmitted to the progenies through anther culture. However, some markers show segregation distortion. These distorted marker loci are located on 10 chromosomal segments. Using this map we were able to place 8 isozymes, 14 RAPDs, 12 cloned genes, 1 gene for brown planthopper (BPH) resistance, and 12 QTLs for grain length, grain width and length/width ratio onto rice chromosomes. The major gene for BPH resistance was mapped on chromosome 12 near RG463 and isozyme Sdh-1. Most of the QTLs identified for the three grain characters were closely linked on chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 10. We concluded that the RFLP framework map presented here will be useful for mapping o...
Twenty eight (28) rice genotypes were used to evaluate the genetic variability based on known BPH resistant loci spread through most of the genome (chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 12), using closely linked simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and by different phenotypic screening methods. A total number of 155 alleles were detected by 30 polymorphic markers with an average of 4.6 per locus. The genetic diversity, polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.15 to 0.89 and 0.13 to 0.88, respectively and the allele frequency ranged from 0.21 to 0.89. These microsatellite markers linked to BPH resistance loci classified rice genotypes into three clusters with additional sub groups and sub sub groups. Our study reveals high genetic variation and clear genotypic relationship for BPH resistance based on BPH resistance linked markers and known phenotypic screening methods such as standard seedbox screening technique, honey dew test and nymphal survival method. Phenotypic evaluation showed clear distinction between resistant and susceptible type by clearly revealing moderately resistant types as well. Combined use of phenotypic and genotypic evaluation methods can improve the efficiency of marker assisted selection and utilization of resistant genotypes for crop improvement by rice breeders.
The distribution and identification of brown planthopper resistance genes in rice
2009
A collection of 515 rice landraces originating from Vietnam and China were screened for the reaction to brown planthopper (BPH) infestation. Most of the resistant landraces were indica types from Vietnam and the Guangxi province in China. An F 2 mapping population was created from the cross between a BPH resistant Vietnamese landrace Yagyaw and the susceptible cultivar Cpslo17. Four quantitative trait loci (QTL) contributing to BPH resistance were mapped on chromosomes 2, 4, 7 and 9, respectively. The individual QTL accounted 5.64% to 12.77% of the phenotypic variance, and three resistant alleles were harbored in the resistant landrace Yagyaw. Two QTL located on chromosomes 2 and 4 were identified with significant additive effects and are useful in breeding new rice inbred lines. One resistant allele was harbored by the susceptible parent Cpslo17. This gene is important in selecting rice inbred lines with stronger resistances to BPH.
ScienceAsia
Three rice mapping populations of 208 BC1F2, 333 BC3F2 and 335 F2 lines derived from crosses of PTB33 × RD6, Rathu Heenati × KDML105 and IR71033-121-15 × KDML105, respectively, were used to detect brown planthopper (BPH) resistance genes. The modified mass tiller screening (MMTS) method was applied to evaluate the BPH resistance of all mapping population lines at the tillering stage. The BPH resistance genes detected from the BC1F2, BC3F2 and F2 populations were mapped in the same genomic region on the short arm of chromosome 6. The tightly linked markers RM589 and RM586 could explain 59.8%, 28.2% and 57.4 % of the phenotypic variance of the BPH resistance from the BC1F2, F2 and BC3F2, respectively. The tightly linked SSR markers identified from this study should be useful in marker-assisted breeding to produce BPH resistant cultivars.
Hereditas, 2007
The brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most serious insect pests of rice throughout Asia. In this study, we constructed a linkage map to determine the locus for BPH resistance gene, using an F2 population from a cross between a resistant indica cultivar, ‘Col.5 Thailand’, and a susceptible cultivar ‘02428’. Insect resistance was evaluated using 147 F3 families and the genotype of each F2 plant was inferred from the phenotype of corresponding F3 families. Two QTLs was detected on chromosome 2 (explains 29.4% phenotypic variation) and 6 (46.2% variation explained) associated with resistance to BPH in the mapping population. Comparison of the chromosomal locations and reactions to BPH biotypes indicated that the gene on chromosome 6 is different from at least 18 of the 19 previously identified BPH resistance genes. These two genes have large effects on BPH resistance and may be a useful BPH resistance resource for rice breeding programs.
2015
Brown planthopper is one of the most destructive insect pest of rice in Indonesia and other Asian countries. Pyramiding some brown planthopper resistance genes is a valuable approach to create more durable resistance against the pest. The objective of this study was to identify polymorphisms of Brown Planthopper Resistance genes (Bph) on 20 genotypes of rice, and to obtain genetic relationship among genotypes tested. The experiment was conducted from June to September 2012 at Green House and Laboratory of Plant Analysis and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Twenty genotypes were analyzed, and two of them were used as check varieties. Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were applied to detect Bph3, Bph4, Qbph3, and Qbph4 genes. Polymorphic levels were analyzed by calculating PIC (Polymorphic Information Content). The grouping of rice genotypes were done based on principal components analysis (PCA) of SSR data, and the genetic relationship ba...
Molecular tagging of a gene for resistance to brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
2003
An introgression line derived from an interspecific cross between Oryza sativa and Oryza officinalis, IR54741-3-21-22 was found to be resistant to an Indian biotype of brown planthopper (BPH). Genetic analysis of 95 F 3 progeny rows of a cross between the resistant line IR54741-3-21-22 and a BPH susceptible line revealed that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene. A comprehensive RAPD analysis using 275 decamer primers revealed a low level of (7.1%) polymorphism between the parents. RAPD polymorphisms were either co-dominant (6.9%), dominant for resistant parental fragments (9.1%) or dominant for susceptible parental fragments (11.6%). Of the 19 co-dominant markers, one primer, OPA16, amplified a resistant parental band in the resistant bulk and a susceptible parental band in the susceptible bulk by bulked segregant analysis. RAPD analysis of individual F 2 plants with the primer OPA16 showed marker-phenotype co-segregation for all, with only one recombinant being identified. The linkage between the RAPD marker OPA16 938 and the BPH resistance gene was 0.52 cM in coupling phase. The 938 bp RAPD amplicon was cloned and used as a probe on 122 Cla I digested doubled haploid (DH) plants from a IR64xAzucena mapping population for RFLP inheritance analysis and was mapped onto rice chromosome 11. The OPA16 938 RAPD marker could be used in a cost effective way for marker-assisted selection of BPH resistant rice genotypes in rice breeding programs.
Breeding Science, 2010
The brown planthopper (BPH) resistance gene bph4 has previously been assigned on the short arm of rice chromosome 6. However, the map position of the gene could not be determined. To detect the bph4 locus, 15 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering genetic distance of 0.0-63.4 cM on chromosome 6 were used to survey 15 BPH resistant (R) and susceptible (S) individuals from each of the 95 and 78 F 2 populations derived from crosses of TN1/Babawee and Babawee/KDML105, respectively. One SSR marker, RM586, was associated with the R and S from the F 2 populations. Additional markers surrounding the RM586 locus were examined to define the location of bph4. From the genetic linkage map and QTL analysis of 95 and 78 F 2 individuals, the bph4 locus was mapped at the same chromosomal region of Bph3 between two flanking markers RM589 and RM586. Markers linked to the resistance gene explained 58.8-70.1% of the phenotypic variations and can be used for marker-assisted selection in BPH-resistant breeding programs. In addition, our experiment provides evidence that a recessive gene could behave as a dominant gene under different genetic backgrounds.
Plant Omics
Developing rice cultivars with host-plant resistance is widely considered the best strategy for the long-term control of the brown planthopper (BPH). The use of molecular markers in many aspects of rice (Oryza sativa L.) studies, such as the genetic analysis of insect and disease resistance, is increasing. In the present study, 110 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that are associated with Bph resistance genes were selected from the Gramene database and used to develop SSR marker-based strategies for the reliable selection of BPH-resistant genotypes. Fifty-seven of the best polymorphic markers were used to identify the segregation ratio in 176 individual F 2 rice progeny from a MR276 (susceptible) × Rathu Heenati (resistant) interspecific cross. Thirty-five SSR markers, including RM544, RM547, and RM8213, showed a good fit to the expected segregation ratio (1:2:1) for the single gene model (d.f. = 1.0, p ≤ 0.05) in chi-square (χ 2) analyses. The remaining markers did not fit the expected Mendelian segregation ratios. The genetic information generated in this research will be useful in rice breeding programmes to provide varieties with durable resistance to BPH. Additionally, this research showed that high-resolution melting analysis (HRM) is powerful and applicable for accurately and quickly genotyping many samples.