Turkish accounting (original) (raw)

The Evolution of Turkey’s Accounting and Auditing System on the Way Towards the European Union

Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics

Turkey has a relatively short history of accounting in the modern sense. However, it has been rapidly developing since the 1980s in reference to accounting education, laws and institutions. Following the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923, a state oriented policy was initially implemented, followed by the experimentation of a mixed economic model after the mid-1940s and the imposition of a more liberal economic policy after the 1980s. The latter alterations have naturally increased the amount of international capital movements into Turkey and thus the portion of foreign capital has increased. As a result of these developments, reliable, accurate and comparable financial information has gained importance. Today, Turkey needs to prepare the required institutional and legislature system in order to better maintain the growing international financial relationships. Besides needing to integrate within the world, Turkey being in the process of gaining EU membership has brought ...

Accounting in Turkey

European Accounting Review, 1995

Turkey is a developing country in the Middle East, and is attracting an increasing number of foreign investments and joint ventures. However, the Turkish accounting system is not one of the topics that is studied in detail, the language barrier perhaps being the main reason. As the amount of foreign investment and the number of joint ventures increase and the Turkish stock market develops, a new responsibility will fall on accountants to disclose and discuss the current accounting system in Turkey. This paper attempts to fill this gap by describing the current accounting system and state of the profession in Turkey.

The development of accounting as a scientific discipline in Turkey

International Journal of Critical Accounting, 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the development of accounting as a scientific discipline in Turkey. In the Ottoman State (Turkey has historically deep-rooted ties), the accounting system developed within the context of the importance attributed to personal law, emanet and zakat. Accounting in the private sector did not develop, double-entry bookkeeping method was only introduced in 1879, and governmental accounting was based on stairs method. The development of accounting as a scientific discipline in Turkey in the light of the developments in the economic system, political, legal, educational, taxing and occupational activity domains, can be divided into three periods: the periods of 1923-1950, 1950-1985, and 1985 and later. It can be summarised that the development of accounting in Turkey, as education, practice or scientific discipline, has been heavily influenced by the western countries (successively French, Germany, and the UK-USA) as a result of the economic and political ties over the past two centuries. After 1980 when Turkish economy was opened to the international markets and when accounting adapted itself to this, the structure and development of accounting started to be shaped not by local developments but by international developments.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN TURKEY

Türkiye'de, Cumhuriyet'in kuruluşundan 1950'li yıllara kadar ekonomik ve siyasi yapıdaki değişimeye paralel olarak muhasebe alanında çeşitli değişimler olmuştur. Bu değişimler, çalışmamızda özel kesim muhasebe uygulamalarındaki

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN TURKEY FROM 1923 TO 1950

In Turkey, from the establishment of the Republic to the early 1950s, there have been several changes in the accounting field in parallel to the changes of the economic and political structure. In our study, these changes were examined by including the development process of private sector accounting practices. The accounting practices, which were influenced by the German Commercial Law, was focused on the firm’s account keeping practices and profit calculation and concentrated on the organization of the balance sheet and income statement, at the beginning of the Republic years. In the early years of the Republic, applications were assessed within the scope of revenue and expenditure, while in the later years, depending on the changes in the production system, its scope has broadened and sub-systems of accounting, such as cost and management accounting, have emerged. For the period covered by this study, the most important improvement of the cost accounting practices were certainly the studies on the cost calculations at Sümerbank. The techniques, which were used in the cost distribution, were the same as today’s while distributing costs in this institution. The objective to be reached in this study is to introduce the changes in accounting practices starting from the years of the establishment of the Republic to 1950. In this context, the subject of this study is to evaluate the financial, cost and management accounting practices of that period.

The change on the foundations of the Turkish accounting system and the future perspective

Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 2009

Accounting is a social construct and shaped by the society in which it operates. Needs of society are the most important influencing factors in the development of accounting in a country. Though in today's open system societies, the change in the accounting is inevitable, it should not be forgotten that accounting is not only a practice but also a discipline which has got theoretical and historical backgrounds. In this regard, this paper notes the changes in Turkish accounting system from the theoretical and historical perspectives.

Public Accounting Reform from Institutional Theory Perspectives: Case of Turkey

Accounting and Corporate Reporting - Today and Tomorrow

In the literature, it is often found that institutional theory is used as the theoretical framework to explain the development and application of accounting. By means of these studies, it becomes easier to understand accounting as a social and political activity within itself and thus to be able to understand the economic, institutional, political and social environment of the turnover of the practices. In this regard, the main aim of this study is to explain the development of the public accounting system in Turkey with the help of institutional theory. Thus, it is aimed to explain all the dynamics that provide the institutionalization of state account in the national sense, together with the economic, political and social processes of the period in question. It is revealed that the regulatory arrangements directly contribute to the institutionalization of a field, and as a result, how the public organizations directly contribute to the institutionalization process.

Culture and accounting practices in Turkey

This paper examines the effects of cultural values on accounting practices in Turkey by applying Gray's theory (Gray, 1988) of socio-cultural factors on accounting values and practices. We compared the model of accounting with accounting-profession authority, the quality and uniformity of financial disclosures, and accounting measurements in present Turkey. This country is a unique case among developing countries because of its specific geopolitical and cultural features. Our results confirm Gray's theory that high uncertainty avoidance and low individualism are positively associated with high conservative accounting measurements. In addition, the study confirms that the highest power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and the lower individualism are positively associated with accounting uniformity. However, large power distance, high uncertainty avoidance, and collectivisms negatively affect professionalism and financial disclosures.

INTL- ECIR 410 Political Economy of Turkey Syllabus Spring 2018

DESCRIPTION This course offers an advanced introduction to the dynamics and some enduring problems of the Turkish economy from a political economy perspective. It is divided into 14 topics that broadly group into three parts: Part I begins with an historical overview of the major policy phases of the Turkish economy from the early 20 th century onward. We then focus on Turkey's crisis-ridden process of market transition over the past three decades by exploring the country's relations with international organizations such as the IMF, its dynamic integration with the global economy, and efforts toward substantive restructuring since the devastating crisis of 2000-2001. Part II discusses Turkey's international economic relations with particular emphasis on its troubled path toward EU integration, its evolving relations with the BRICS, as well as the economic and political role it plays in the Middle East and Africa. Part III is devoted to social implications of Turkey's economic development. Here we focus on the pressing problems of poverty and inequality as well as on Turkey's changing welfare state. TEXTS There is no textbook for the course. All required readings for the course (which include journal articles and book chapters) are listed in this syllabus. All readings are available to students at the Online E-Reserve Collection of the Suna Kıraç Library. Library web site à Catalog à Reserves by course à Course code: INTL 410. Some journal articles are also accessible online through the library website.