A practical solution to the problem of household waste management in Brazil (original) (raw)
Related papers
The present study aimed to assess the variability of household solid urban waste collected in the municipality of Juazeiro do Norte, CE, in order to obtain information that may support the specification and sizing of the structure necessary for the management of household solid urban waste in the referred municipality. In the period of 04-08 April, 2016, 254 door-to-door waste collections were performed, comprising 928 inhabitants who participated in the sample, considering 53 households registered and 5 collections along the week, in each household. Regarding the number of households (53) and the number of weekly collections (5) in each district (once a day), the number of samples should be 265; however, it was reduced to 254 samples due to the possibility of sporadic non-participation of some households. The selection of the households was made by simple random sampling. In the present study, there was a prevalence of organic waste in the collected samples (58.57%). Regarding the materials with recyclable potential, corresponds to 14.71% of the total waste generated.
The high levels of consumption of goods in today's society have been responsible for the large quantities of urban solid waste generated, impacting environmental quality. The present study aimed to assess the habits of urban household solid waste management and disposal in the city of Juazeiro do Norte, State of Ceará, in the Northeast of Brazil. For this purpose, 53 households distributed in 6 socioeconomic strata (A, B1, B2, C1, C2, D) were interviewed, according to the classification of ABEP-Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP, 2012). The data collected express the perception of respondents regarding the waste generated. The most significant results follow: greater generation of organics (47.17%) obtained from the sum of food scraps and garden waste, followed by plastics (24.53%), paper (24.53%) and diapers/sanitary items (3.77%). In higher socioeconomic status neighborhoods most respondents used conventional waste management to discard food waste (scraps); concerning paper waste, regardless of the socioeconomic stratum, all respondents used the conventional municipal household solid urban waste management to discard these items; 100% of the plastic waste generated was disposed through conventional waste management by respondents living in neighborhoods from strata A, B1 and D. Regarding the disposal of health materials, there were lower prevalence rates of use of conventional waste management in higher socioeconomic status households (strata A and B1): 33.33% and 20%, respectively; regarding the disposal of batteries, respondents from socioeconomic stratum B1 reported discarding such items at municipal waste collection facilities (40%), followed by disposal in neighborhood waste collection facilities, for respondents in stratum C1 (7.69%). However, most respondents still use conventional waste management to discard batteries. Thus, it is necessary to invest in campaigns to encourage awareness and knowledge of appropriate household urban waste sorting and management among users of all socioeconomic strata. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the ECOMONDO
The challenge of solid waste collection in precarious settlements in São Paulo, Brazil
This article aims to analyze the problems and possible solutions to the implementation of a basic sanitation infrastructure, especially the solid waste collection in poor class occupations in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The manner in which the urban accesses are structured in the Favela of Heliopolis, with dimensions and configuration insufficient, do not allow access to motorized vehicles, leading to unconventional solutions in legally urbanized areas of the city. The collection of the waste is adapted to existing conditions. Local workers collect waste door to door and transfer the material to a large container accessible to trucks. The method used for this study considers the literature survey, obtaining primary data from the Municipality of São Paulo and field surveys. The results provide technical and practical information that will help other needy communities with the processes of implementation of a solid waste management plan, covering the activities of collecting recyclables, organic waste, sorting and proper disposal of materials for reusing, recycling, composting and recovering energy. The recommendation of this study is that only the refuse should be destined to final disposal of landfills.
This article describes the planning process, collection, distribution, selection, and compression into bales of household solid waste of the city of Jaraguá do Sul in southern Brazil. Background information was obtained in the company responsible to perform the selective collection, in the Cooperative and Association of Collectors, and the company that sells the separated and compressed / crushed material to the industry. A survey was carried out in the programs created by public agencies to raise awareness among the population about the importance of the selection of household waste. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured and non-participant observation. From the analysis of results it can be concluded that the lack of training of association members and cooperated personnel, due to their low educational level, may explain the absence of planning. It is also possible to affirm that the municipal government has developed programs to raise the awareness of the population, but there is still a little response by the people living that county.
Proceedings of VI SIBESA, 2004
The municipal solid wastes collection is an important service in urban cleaning system that establishes the connection between the generated solid wastes and the system. A removal failure can implicate in the discharge of the solid waste in the soil, into rivers or in indiscriminate burnings bringing pollution into the air, waters and soil besides the incentive of proliferation of vectors, causing public health problems and atmosphere degradation. The objective of this present work is to analyze the influence of the road system and topography on the Household Solid Wastes Collection based on assembled data in 31 micro-areas distributed in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. As a study unit a public path was used, being this means of access between two roads crossing. The crossing of data was analyzed by passage as follows: pavement, width and slope with the collection data (regular, irregular and inexistent). The results show that the road and topographical conditions do not hold back the accomplishment of the household-waste pick, just working as barriers that seem to have been transposed, in spite of this service still not being universal. So there might be other factors influence apart from those studied in the not attended part of the population for the home collect duty.
Waste Management in Brazil and Implications of the Most Applied Techniques in The Management Process
Objective: this work aimed to investigate aspects of waste generation in Brazil and the main waste management techniques that are reported in the literature. Methodology: the methodology used comprises a literature review, where recent works were used in order to expose the current scenario of the Brazilian context, as well as waste management techniques used more widely. Results and Discussion: through the information collected, it was possible to note that Brazil has a high generation of waste, with about 216 tons per day throughout the national territory. In Brazil, the most used form of management refers to the use of sanitary landfills, however, landfills require complex management, in addition to a grandiose strip of land. In this way, solutions such as incineration can contribute to waste management both in Brazil and in the world, since it considerably reduces the volume of waste. Other alternatives reported in this study include bioremediation, recycling and composting. It is also noteworthy that recycling , despite being a highly effective method, leads to severe contamination problems, which makes the plants need to have strict controls for cleaning and care, avoiding the contamination of employees. Final considerations: several measures can be adopted, but they must consider the context in which the cities and the respective State are located, in order to obtain lower costs and greater efficiency.
Recyclable Domestic Solid Waste in Family Farms a Case Study in Southern Brazil
Revista Brasileira de Gestão e Desenvolvimento Regional, 2019
Recycling domestic solid waste is a growing urban world demand; however, there are few studies about it in areas dominated by small farms, as in Brazil. To quantify the current composition of domestic rural waste, we monitored gravimetric composition of recyclable domestic solid waste and economic indicators in the homes of 31 family farmers in Southern Brazil for a period of 12 months. The annual expenditure average on domestic products was US $1,681.26 per family, which produced about 21 kg of waste.year-1. This waste was divided into plastic (46.47%), paper and cardboard (27.18%), glass (13.28%), metal (8.58%), Tetra Pak © cartons (3.00%), mixed (0.98%) and polystyrene fractions (0.52%). A higher production of waste occurred in the months of December and August. Each resident was estimated to produce 405 kg of domestic solid waste over the course of their lives, and total domestic solid waste for all 31 farms was approximately 40 tons per year. We encourage municipal managers to determine the adequacy of the rural community storage system and transportation in accordance with different levels of production of recyclable household rural waste, especially for plastics.
Rapid urbanisation, population growth and changes in lifestyles in low-and middle-income countries contribute to increasing the per capita domestic waste generation. This trend leads to deplorable environmental and public health conditions, especially in rapidly expanding cities of low-and middle-income countries lacking appropriate waste management systems, Santiago de Cuba is no exception. To improve solid waste management in the city of Santiago de Cuba, the generation of household waste was studied and individual waste treatment approaches were assessed. The principle of a household level analysis was adopted to enable the development of strategies based on the specific conditions of households, their awareness and needs.
RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar, 2023
This study described collectors' main difficulties in collecting discarded materials in Manaus (Brazil). The method used involved analyzing the practice of three collectors willing to provide in-depth data and information obtained through semi-structured interviews carried out in the respondents' workplaces, which were then analyzed with the help of the conceptual bibliographic method and interpreted with the help of semantic analysis. The results showed that a) the main difficulties are extreme physical exertion, people's rejection, unhealthy working conditions, lack of personal protective equipment, and lack of participation by people, companies, and governments; b) difficulties occur due to lack of equipment, lack of technical knowledge of the materials handled, people's lack of knowledge about the importance of the collectors' work and lack of participation by society and governments in the selective collection; c) who could help to minimize these difficulties are the residents, companies, and governments and d) what the agents can do is to structure the collection (government), separate the materials (residents), provide more disposal sites (town hall) and donation of equipment and training (companies). The conclusion shows that agents are not prepared to carry out reverse logistics in the city because they are unaware of the importance of waste pickers' work to start the city's circular economy.
Work (Reading, Mass.), 2012
The generation growing and diversified of Municipal Solid Waste is configured as an environmental problem, economic and social deterioration, especially, by application of inappropriate management of them. Faced with this urban context, the research in development presents as specific objective assessment of the quality of life of the gatherers of recyclable materials were active in the city of Juiz de Fora, in the brazilian state of Minas Gerais. In addition, the objective is, still, the recognition of the activity of sorting performed by "scavengers" in order to maximize the reduction, reuse and recycling energy and material waste daily. The proposed methodology is based on the application of the questionnaire Word Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-100), prepared by the World Health Organization, in order to value the quality of life of the gatherers of recyclable materials, involved, even in educational workshops in order to discuss and organize strategies of ...