Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley (original) (raw)
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Modelación de la calidad de agua del Río Medellín en el Valle de
2016
Water quality modeling intends to represent a water body in order to assess their status and project the effects of different measures taken for their protection. This paper presents the results obtained from the Qual2kw model implementation in the first 50 kilometers of the Aburrá-Medellín River, in their most critical conditions of water quality, which correspond to low flow rates. After the model calibration, three recovery scenarios (short-term, medium-term and long-term) were evaluated. In the first scenario the sanitation only improved in some streams, in accordance with the Plan of Sanitation and Management of Discharges that was considered. Medium and long-term scenarios, with the operation of the new Water Waste Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Bello municipality and an increase in the sewage collection, were considered. The obtained results show the positive impact of the operation of the WWTP of Bello in the balance of BOD5, dissolved oxygen and nitrogen.
Application of Qual2Kw model as a tool for water quality management: Cértima River as a case study
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2011
Modelling can be a useful management tool because models allow the understanding of water body response to different pollution pressure scenarios which may help on the decision-making process and in prosecuting the Water Framework Directive objectives. This study aims to evaluate the usage of simple water quality models (Qual2Kw) applied to small river basins in order to better understand the response of a river to different loads of nitrogen and phosphorus. Qual2Kw model was applied to Cértima River (Portugal), a small river that ends in a shallow lake called Pateira Fermentelos and represents a very important ecosystem to the local community. Along its pathway, Cértima River has a significant enrichment in nutrients due to agriculture, livestock, domestic sewage and industrial effluents discharged into the river. In case of nitrogen, the highest loads are from domestic (44%) and diffuse (35%) sources. The main sources of phosphorous are domestic (46%), livestock (24%) and diffuse sources (20%). Cértima River is strongly enriched with nutrients, and neither nitrogen nor phosphorous is limiting the algal growth. According to the criterion of Dodds et al. (Water Res, 32(5):1455-1462, 1998), the river is classified as eutrophic. By comparing in stream measurements with Qual2Kw simulations, it can be concluded that it would be necessary to decrease the actual pollutants loads of nitrogen and phosphorous 5 and 10 times, respectively, in order to change Cértima River classification from eutrophic to mesotrophic.
Water quality prediction using the QUAL2Kw model in a small karstic watershed in Brazil
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 2010
Aim: The Tancredo Neves International Airport (TNIA) complex is situated in Brazil's Fidalgo watershed. Since its construction, the TNIA complex has attracted urban development, leading to expansion of the complex and occupation of the surrounding area. However, this area lacks basic infrastructure such as wastewater treatment facilities. This paper had the objectives of calibrating and validating a water quality prediction model and of assessing the capacity of small karstic watersheds to assimilate non-point source pollutant loads; Methods: We used the QUAL2Kw model for modeling the water quality. We performed model calibration for the rainy period then validated the results for the dry period; Results: The model adequately represented the physical, chemical, and hydraulic aspects of the Fidalgo watershed. The pH, EC, TDS, TP, alkalinity and E. coli presented the closest simulation values for the rainy period. For the dry period, the best simulations were obtained for pH, EC, TDS, TP, and alkalinity. We concluded that the calibration and validation periods had similar RMSE values for flow rate, TDS and DOC. The differences were greater for pH, EC, NO 3 , TP, and E. coli. The lowest dissolved oxygen contents obtained during the calibration and validation periods were 5.4 and 4.7 mg.L-1 , respectively, both of which are higher than the minimum of 4.0 mg.L-1 established by the USEPA for the conservation of aquatic communities, but lower than the minimum of 5.0 mg.L-1 established by the Brazilian CONAMA 357. The upper limits for biochemical oxygen demand and total N and P can be met as long as the respective loads increase by no more than 0.361 kg.d-1 O 2 , 0.022 kg.d-1 N, and 0.010 kg.d-1 P, according to USEPA and 0.361 kg.d-1 O 2 and 0.012 kg.d-1 P according to CONAMA 357; Conclusions: The conservation of the water resources in this region should therefore consider the adoption of preventive measures such as protecting exposed soils and decreasing the nutrient influx from agricultural and livestock activities.
The present paper presents a preliminary proposal for a framework for the Una River, located in the state of Pernambuco, divided into prevailing-use classes. This proposal integrates the results of an analysis of water quality parameters and a mathematical modeling performed along a section of the river. Data from six State Environmental Agency (CPRH) monitoring stations were used, which collected data for temperature, pH, DO, BOD, phosphorus, thermotolerant coliforms, turbidity, and color between 2002 and 2014. The mathematical model used was QUAL-UFMG and the parameters evaluated were DO and BOD. The results showed that the DO and BOD parameters were within the limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005 for Class 2, but other parameters such as phosphorus presented nonconformities. Based on this, the proposed framework for the Una River covered Classes 1 and 2. It is hoped that such a proposal will serve as a reference for the basin committee in order to discuss and deliberate on the multiple uses preponderant along the river, aiming to approve and implement the framework.
Iraqi Journal of Civil Engineering, 2017
The current study includes application of QUAL2K model to predict the dissolved oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) of lower reach of the Diyala River in a stretch of 16.90km using hydraulic and water quality data collected from Ministry of Water Resources for the period (January-April 2014). Google Earth and Arc-GIS technique were used in this study as supported tools to provide some QUAL2K input hydro-geometric data. The model parameters were calibrated for the dry flow period by trial and error until the simulated results agreed well with the observed data. The model performance was measured using different statistical criteria such as mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and relative error (RE). The results showed that the simulated values were in good agreement with the observed values. Model output for calibration showed that DO and CBOD concentration were not within the allowable limits for preserving the ecological health of the river with range values (2.51-4.80 mg/L) and (18.75-25.10 mg/L) respectively. Moreover, QUAL2K was used to simulate different scenarios (pollution loads modification, flow augmentation and local oxygenation) in order to manage the water quality during critical period (low flow), and to preserve the minimum requirement of DO concentration in the river. The scenarios results showed the pollution loads modification and local oxygenation are effective in raising DO levels. While flow augmentation does not give significant results in which the level of DO decrease even with reduction in the BOD5 for point sources. The combination of wastewater modification and local oxygenation (BOD5 of the discharged effluent from point sources should not exceed 15 mg/L and weir construction at critical positions 6.67km from the beginning of the study region with 1m height) is necessary to ensure minimum DO concentrations.
Surface Water Quality Modeling of a watershed in the north of Rio Grande do Sul
The water crisis and the degradation of surface water resources through pollution, combined with the progressive increase in consumption has made it necessary to search for alternative sources of supply.. Because it is a finite natural resource, water is a public good that needs to be allocated among different uses and has its integrity compromised by factors such as industrial development, rapid urbanization and population growth. Considering these issues recognize and evaluate the potential of local water resources is necessary, since the River Inhandava is inserted in the north-northeastern state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Uruguay river basin and watershed belongs to Apuaê-Inhandava. The objective of this research was to perform the modeling of surface water quality of the River Inhandava-RS. The data were inventoried quality of studies conducted in Rio were considered diffuse agricultural loads, animal waste and sewage. To assess the water quality of the Rio Inhandava, the computer model was used QUAL2Kw. The water quality has been shown, for most parameters, according to Resolution CONAMA 357/2005. The calibrated model QUAL2Kw, became an instrument to in the management of water resources, since the analysis of the results showed the selfpurification in downstream river study.
River water quality management using mathematical modelling
1996
A mathematical model has been calibrated and run for a range of River Cavado flow conditions to predict river water quality changes after pollutant loads. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO) and faecal coliforms (FC) bacteria were used as water quality control parameters to assess critical situations near the proposed site for the construction of a new water treatment plant for the portuguese metropolitan area of Oporto.
APPLICATION OF QUAL2K MODEL FOR PREDICTION OF WATER QUALITY IN A SELECTED STRETCH OF PAMBA RIVER
Pamba River acts as a source for drinking, irrigation and is subjected to pollution loads. The application of QUAL2K model for a stretch of 20.63km of the river for prediction of water quality at Cherukole where a WSS is proposed is studied here. The effect of point source from dairy farm at Cherukole is analysed. Samplings done during the monsoon and post monsoon showed how the water quality changed along the entire stretch of the river. Post monsoon and pilgrimage season data was used for calibration and validation of the model. The results show that the values predicted by the model are in good agreement with the measured values in majority of the stations, and that the water quality at the proposed location of WSS is within standards.