Analysis and modeling of water quality as a contribution to the preliminary framework proposal for the Una River (Pernambuco/Brazil (original) (raw)

Water quality in Una River Basin – Pernambuco

2017

This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of the lower portion of Una River Basin, Pernambuco, by means of analysis of physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. The monitoring was conducted among October 2013 and March 2014. Sampling locations were in the cities of Catende, Palmares and Agua Preta, selecting three collection points in each district. Parameters analyzed: temperature, electric conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, turbidity, potassium, pH, total phosphorus, thermotolerant coliforms, and Escherichia Coli . The results showed the water quality in the Basin Una River is outside of CONAMA standars Resolution 357/2005 for fresh water Class II parameters: dissolved oxygen, pH, phosphorus, thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia Coli. Potassium concentration shows the discharge of effluents from the processing of sugar cane in the hydrous body did not affect the quality of the water. The main contamination source of water was the release o...

Integrated modeling of water quantity and quality in the Araguari River basin, Brazil

Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 2014

The Araguari River basin has a huge water resource potential. However, population and industrial growth have generated numerous private and collective conflicts of interest in the multiple uses of water, resulting in the need for integrated management of water quantity and quality at the basin scale. This study used the AQUATOOL Decision Support System. The water balance performed by the SIMGES module for the period of October 2006 to September 2011 provided a good representation of the reality of this basin. The parameters studied were dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, organic nitrogen, ammonia, nitrate and total phosphorus. The coefficients of biochemical reactions, sedimentation rates and sediment dissolved oxygen release for this period were calibrated and validated in the quality modeling using the GESCAL module. A sensitivity analysis indicated that the coefficients of carbonaceous matter decomposition, nitrification, water temperature, and sediment oxygen demand interfered more significantly in the variables of state. To prevent eutrophication in the Nova Ponte reservoir and in the other cascade reservoirs, the local River Basin Committee should adopt restrictive actions against the use of agricultural fertilizers. On the other hand, in the sub basin of the Uberabinha River, new alternatives for public water supply to the city of Uberlândia and improvements in the treatment efficiency of the main wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) should be proposed, since the biochemical oxygen demand, ammonia and total phosphorus failed to meet the requirements of COPAM (2008) in the driest months.

Water Quality Simulation in the Bois River, Goiás, Central Brazil

Sustainability

The Cerrado is a hotspot for biodiversity conservation and holds the headwater springs that are major Brazilian river basins. The development of industry, agriculture, and mining causes water quality deterioration. Mathematical models appear as a management tool to simulate water quality parameters and the dispersion of pollutants in water bodies. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of dissolved oxygen (DO) and other parameters through the QUAL2Kw (Stream Water Quality Model) model in a river in the Brazilian Cerrado. Complementary data were obtained in four experimental measurement campaigns. The calibration results showed a good fit, especially for the DO. The most critical situation occurred in October, where DO remained below 5 mg/L for a long stretch, and the ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) presented non-compliance concerning the legal Brazilian requirements. In all campaigns, BOD remained above 5 mg/L for at least 5 km in length, disag...

Surface Water Quality Modeling of a watershed in the north of Rio Grande do Sul

The water crisis and the degradation of surface water resources through pollution, combined with the progressive increase in consumption has made it necessary to search for alternative sources of supply.. Because it is a finite natural resource, water is a public good that needs to be allocated among different uses and has its integrity compromised by factors such as industrial development, rapid urbanization and population growth. Considering these issues recognize and evaluate the potential of local water resources is necessary, since the River Inhandava is inserted in the north-northeastern state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the Uruguay river basin and watershed belongs to Apuaê-Inhandava. The objective of this research was to perform the modeling of surface water quality of the River Inhandava-RS. The data were inventoried quality of studies conducted in Rio were considered diffuse agricultural loads, animal waste and sewage. To assess the water quality of the Rio Inhandava, the computer model was used QUAL2Kw. The water quality has been shown, for most parameters, according to Resolution CONAMA 357/2005. The calibrated model QUAL2Kw, became an instrument to in the management of water resources, since the analysis of the results showed the selfpurification in downstream river study.

Short Notes: Water quality assessment of the Mogi-Guaçu River in Brazil: proposal of a system-based model

Ecological Questions, 2008

The Water Code, created in 1934, was the first attempt of governmental intervention in Water Basin Management in Brazil. It was a centralized bureaucratic system established to regulate the use of water. Since the beginning, Water Management suffered significant changes and the model currently used is an integrated participative systemic model. The distribution of water resources in Brazil is very irregular, 70% of water is located in the North region, 15% to the Central-West, 12% in the South and Southeast and 3% in the Northeast region (BNDES 1997). The state of São Paulo is located in the Southeast region, which has the biggest water consumption. The Water Resources Agency of São Paulo State (CETESB) has an advanced water management system with 20 Watershed Management Committees. Groups from different social sectors compose these committees. They constitute a new kind of organization that is responsible for the watershed planning. Actually, these committees use to obtain relevant information but they are not able to develop future scenarios, objectives, strategies and temporary goals for the water basin. The Mogi-Guaçu watershed is the most important basin in São Paulo State from the economic point of view, but the river has problems of erosion, silting, flooding and low water quality. The water quality problems are due to nonpoint sources of pollution from agriculture and municipal and industrial point sources.

Water quality assessment of the Mogi-Guaçu River in Brazil: proposal of a system-based model

Ecological Questions, 2008

The Water Code, created in 1934, was the first attempt of governmental intervention in Water Basin Management in Brazil. It was a centralized bureaucratic system established to regulate the use of water. Since the beginning, Water Management suffered significant changes and the model currently used is an integrated participative systemic model. The distribution of water resources in Brazil is very irregular, 70% of water is located in the North region, 15% to the Central-West, 12% in the South and Southeast and 3% in the Northeast region (BNDES 1997). The state of São Paulo is located in the Southeast region, which has the biggest water consumption. The Water Resources Agency of São Paulo State (CETESB) has an advanced water management system with 20 Watershed Management Committees. Groups from different social sectors compose these committees. They constitute a new kind of organization that is responsible for the watershed planning. Actually, these committees use to obtain relevant information but they are not able to develop future scenarios, objectives, strategies and temporary goals for the water basin. The Mogi-Guaçu watershed is the most important basin in São Paulo State from the economic point of view, but the river has problems of erosion, silting, flooding and low water quality. The water quality problems are due to nonpoint sources of pollution from agriculture and municipal and industrial point sources.

Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley

Water quality modeling intends to represent a water body in order to assess their status and project the effects of different measures taken for their protection. This paper presents the results obtained from the Qual2kw model implementation in the first 50 kilometers of the Aburrá-Medellín River, in their most critical conditions of water quality, which correspond to low flow rates. After the model calibration, three recovery scenarios (short-term, medium-term and long-term) were evaluated. In the first scenario the sanitation only improved in some streams, in accordance with the Plan of Sanitation and Management of Discharges that was considered. Medium and long-term scenarios, with the operation of the new Water Waste Treatment Plant (WWTP) of the Bello municipality and an increase in the sewage collection, were considered. The obtained results show the positive impact of the operation of the WWTP of Bello in the balance of BOD5, dissolved oxygen and nitrogen.

Proposal of a system‐based model to simulate river water quality in São Paulo state – Brazil

Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 2007

PurposeIn order to help watershed committees improve Basin Planning, the purpose of this study is to propose to apply system dynamic models to understand watershed conditions and to evaluate the main aspects of human impact on water quality for Brazilian rivers.Design/methodology/approachThis work makes use of the energy system language to propose a system modeling. The river is longitudinally modeled as a web of inter‐connected compartments and individually described for each control volume by differential equations.FindingsThe model considers particular and significant characteristics such as turbidity and sedimentary organic matter content of São Paulo State rivers and results in ordinary differential equations that are adequate to the Brazilian water quality database. It is expected that simulation will provide the longitudinal and temporal dynamic behavior of total phosphorus, biomass, dissolved oxygen, organic matter, benthonic organisms and fishes that will be used to evaluat...

Analysis of the Water Quality Index of the Negro and Resende Rivers in Duas Barras District, Rio De Janeiro (Brazil) / Análise Do Índice De Qualidade Das Águas Dos Rios Negro e Resende No Distrito Sede De Duas Barras, Rio De Janeiro (Brasil)

Journal of Sedimentary Environments

In Brazil, about 49% of the population does not have access to the sewage collection network, with the consequent direct discharge of their sewage network into water bodies. Due to this scenario, it is essential to investigate the quality of the water consumed by thousands of people along the Negro and Resende Rivers. The present study analysis the waters of the Negro and Resende rivers, located in Dois Rios River Basin, in the municipality of Duas Barras, Rio de Janeiro State (RJ, SE Brazil), based on the Water Quality Index proposed by the National Sanitation Foundation (United States). The population of the district located in the municipality of Duas Barras dumps the domestic sewage directly into the hydrographic network. The analyzed parameters were: turbidity, total solid residue, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), hydrogenation potential, temperature, dissolved oxygen and thermotolerant coliforms. The values obtained from the calculation of the...