Destination of titanium particles detached from titanium plasma sprayed implants (original) (raw)
Related papers
Early detachment of titanium particles from various different surfaces of endosseous dental implants
Biomaterials, 2004
Titanium (Ti) endosseous dental screws with different surfaces (smooth titanium-STi, titanium plasma-sprayed-TPS, alumina oxide sandblasted and acid-etched-Al-SLA, zirconium oxide sandblasted and acid etched-Zr-SLA) were implanted in femura and tibiae of sheep to investigate the biological evolution of the peri-implant tissues and detachment of Ti debris from the implant surfaces in early healing. Implants were not loaded. Sections of the screws and the peri-implant tissues obtained by sawing and grinding were analysed by light microscopy immediately after implantation (time 0) and after 14 days. All samples showed new bone trabeculae and vascularised medullary spaces in those areas where gaps between the implants and host bone were visible. In contrast, no osteogenesis was induced in the areas where the implants were initially positioned in close contact with the host bone. Chips of the pre-existing bone inducing new peri-implant neo-osteogenesis were surrounded by new bone trabeculae. The threads of some screws appeared to be deformed where the host bone showed fractures. Ti granules of 3-60 mm were detectable only in the periimplant tissues of TPS implants both immediately after surgery and after 14 days, thus suggesting that this phenomenon may be related to the friction of the TPS coating during surgical insertion. r
Materials
Many studies are being carried out on the particles released during the implantoplasty process in the machining of dental implants to remove bacterial biofilms. However, there are no studies on the release of particles produced by the insertion of bone-level dental implants due to the high compressive frictional loads between the rough titanium implant and the bone tissue. This paper aims to characterize the released particles and determine the release of titanium ions into the physiological environment and their cytocompatibility. For this purpose, 90 dental implants with a neck diameter of 4 mm and a torque of 22 Ncm were placed in 7 fresh cow ribs. The placement was carried out according to the established protocols. The implants had a roughness Ra of 1.92 μm. The arrangement of the particles in the bone tissue was studied by micro-CT, and no particle clusters were observed. The different granulometries of 5, 15, and 30 μm were obtained; the specific surface area was determined b...
Acta biomaterialia odontologica Scandinavica, 2017
In the present study, amount of titanium (Ti) released into the surrounding bone during placement of implants with different surface structure was investigated. Quantification of Ti released during insertion from three different implants was performed in this ex vivo study. Jaw bone from pigs was used as model for installation of the implants and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used for analysis of the released Ti. Implant surface were examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), before and after the placement into the bone. Ti was abraded to the surrounding bone upon insertion of a dental implant and the surface roughness of the implant increased the amount of Ti found. Diameter and total area of the implant were of less importance for the Ti released to the bone. No visible damages to the implant surfaces could be identified in SEM after placement.
Titanium release from dental implants: an in vivo study on sheep
Materials Letters, 2000
Titanium and its alloys release passive metal dissolution products. This raises the issues of the amount and fate of these products. In this study, we document titanium levels released from dental implants. We compared commercially pure Ž. Ž. titanium, titanium alloy Ti6Al4V and the effect of hydroxyapatite HA coating on dental implants. Seventeen screw type Ž implants were inserted into the cortical bone of sheep's tibias. Bone and soft tissues liver, spleen, kidney, lymph nodes and. Ž. connective tissues were harvested. Samples were analyzed for Ti content by proton induced X-ray emission PIXE. Results Ž. from bone were compared with those obtained by the energy-dispersive X-ray analysis EDX on scanning electron Ž. microscopy SEM. The results suggest that bone remodeling may reduce the local accumulation of titanium.
The effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium implant materials (in vitro)
Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 2016
Background: The surface of an implantable biomaterial plays a very important role in determining the biocompatibility, osteoinduction, and osteointegration of implants because it is in intimate contact with the host bone and soft tissues. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the effect of plasma surface treatment on the bioactivity of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V). Materials and Methods: Fifteen titanium alloy samples were used in this study. The samples were divided into three groups (with five samples in each group). Five samples were kept untreated and served as control (group A). Another five plasma samples were sprayed for nitrogen ion implantation on their surfaces (group B) and the last five samples were pre-etched with acid before plasma treatment (group C). All the investigated samples were immersed for 7 days in Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) which was used as a simulating body fluid (SBF) at pH 7.4 and 37°C. HBSS was renewed every 3 days. The different surfaces were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXA), and Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: Nitriding of Ti-alloy samples via plasma nitrogen ion implantation increased the bioactivity of titanium. Moreover, the surface topography affected the chemical structure of the formed apatite. Increasing the surface roughness enhanced the bioactivity of the implant material. Conclusions: Nitridation can be exploited as an effective way to promote the formation of bone-like material on the implant surface.
Titanium Wear Particles and Osteoblast Adhesion
The formation of titanium (Ti)-wear particles during the lifetime of an implant is believed to be a major component of loosening due to debris-induced changes in bone cell function. Radiographic evidence indicates a loss of fixation at the implant-bone interface, and we believe that the accumulation of Ti particles may act on the bone-remodeling process and impact both long-and short-term implant-fixation strengths. To determine the effects of various sizes of the Ti particles on osteoblast function in vivo, we measured the loss of integration strength around Ti-pin implants inserted into a rat tibia in conjunction with Ti particles from one of four size-groups. Implant integration is mediated primarily by osteoblast adhesion͞focal contact pattern, viability, proliferation and differentiation, and osteoclast recruitment at the implant site in vivo. This study demonstrates the significant attenuation of osteoblast function concurrent with increased expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor B ligand (RANKL), a dominant signal for osteoclast recruitment, which is regulated differentially, depending on the size of the Ti particle. Zymography studies have also demonstrated increased activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in cells exposed to larger Ti particles. In summary, all particles have adverse effects on osteoblast function, resulting in decreased bone formation and integration, but different mechanisms are elicited by particles of different sizes.
Dental implants‐associated release of titanium particles: A systematic review
Clinical Oral Implants Research, 2018
ObjectivesThe presence of titanium (Ti) particles around dental implants has been reported in the literature for decades. The prospective presence of Ti debris on soft tissues surrounding dental implants has not been systematically investigated and remains to be explored. Hence, this review aimed to evaluate the origin, presence, characteristics, and location of Ti particles in relation to dental implants.Material and methodsLiterature searches were conducted by two reviewers independently based on the PRISMA guidelines. The systematic review identified studies on Ti particles derived from dental implants. We evaluated several parameters, including anatomical location, and the suspected methods of Ti particles release.ResultsThe search resulted in 141 articles, of which 26 were eligible and included in the systematic review of the literature. The investigations reported Ti and metal‐like particles in the soft (i.e., epithelial cells, connective tissue, and inflammatory cells) and ha...
The open orthopaedics journal, 2012
Interaction between implant surface and surrounding bone influences implant fixation. We attempted to improve the bone-implant interaction by 1) adding surface micro scale topography by acid etching, and 2) removing surface-adherent pro-inflammatory agents by plasma cleaning. Implant fixation was evaluated by implant osseointegration and biomechanical fixation.The study consisted of two paired animal sub-studies where 10 skeletally mature Labrador dogs were used. Grit blasted titanium alloy implants were inserted press fit in each proximal tibia. In the first study grit blasted implants were compared with acid etched grit blasted implants. In the second study grit blasted implants were compared with acid etched grit blasted implants that were further treated with plasma sterilization. Implant performance was evaluated by histomorphometrical investigation (tissue-to-implant contact, peri-implant tissue density) and mechanical push-out testing after four weeks observation time.Neither...
Australian Dental Journal, 2002
Background: Titanium is generally considered a safe metal to use in implantation but some studies have suggested that particulate titanium may cause health problems either at the site overlying the implant or in distant organs, particularly after frictional wear of a medical prosthesis. It was the purpose of this investigation to study the levels of dissemination of titanium from threaded screw type implants following placement of single implants in sheep mandibles. Method: Twelve sheep were implanted with a single 10x3.75mm self-tapping implant for time intervals of one, four and eight to 12 weeks. Four unoperated sheep served as controls. Regional lymph nodes, lungs, spleens and livers were dissected, frozen and subsequently analysed by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Results: Results associated with successful implants showed no statistically significant different levels of titanium in any organ compared to controls, although some minor elevations in titanium levels within the lungs and regional lymph nodes were noted. Two implants failed to integrate and these showed higher levels of titanium in the lungs (2.2-3.8 times the mean of the controls) and regional lymph nodes (7-9.4 times the levels in controls). Conclusions: Debris from a single implant insertion is at such a low level that it is unlikely to pose a health problem. Even though the number of failed implants was low, multiple failed implants may result in considerably more titanium release which can track through the regional lymph nodes. Results suggest that sheep would be an excellent model for following biological changes associated with successful and failed implants and the effect this may have on titanium release.