Europaweit einmalig? Helgoländer Flint und roter Feuerstein in der Vergleichssammlung FlintSource (original) (raw)
Related papers
Die Kunde N.F., 2014
Following the publication about a red Heligoland flint core from Damme (FRIES/VEIL 2014), older finds from the collection of Hans Reinerth, dating from the 1930/40ies, and from Siegfried Bolkes are presented here. Evidence of both mesolithic as well as upper to late palaeolithic elements are demonstrated. The core belongs to a thinly distributed but significant scattering of artefacts made of red Heligoland flint which, during the end phase of the last ice age, were either bartered from hand to hand or directly procured. The hitherto known artefacts made of this type of stone can be attributed to Federmesser or Stielspitzen (tanged point) groups between ca. 14,000 and 12,000 B.C. The Damme flint core shows a typical method of working used by the hunter groups of the upper palaeolithic. The Magdalénien and Hamburgian Cultures come into consideration here. Therefore the core might be the earliest evidence of visits to the still dry island. There is no evidence of a possible symbolic significance of this striking raw material. The spectrum of late palaeolithic red Heligoland flint artefacts does not differ from the inventories of common moraine flint. However the distribution of the red flint indicates particular reasons behind its use. The great distances point more probably to exchange from hand to hand rather than self-supply which would require vast territories. The systematic survey of the site on 22./23.2.2012 indicates that the observed distribution of finds are part of Reinerth’s larger site, a part of which Bolke had recorded in the fringe area of the great sand drift mound. The extensive area over which the finds are spread leads to the assumption of many single camp sites. The transport of only one habitation site over the long distances by labour can be ruled out. The extensive examination of the survey data allows the making of a finer resolution image of the settlement traces, allowing forecasts for future surveys. It reveals a wide spatial differentiation, consisting of areas with concentrations of artefacts and areas without finds, of variously dispersed tools and processing waste. The spatial representation of the main tendencies is confirmed by critical examination of the sources. The distribution images can be enlarged to ca. 5x5 m objects. The five palaeolithic and one mesolithic concentrations are to be confirmed by further prospections. The potential areas with upper to late palaeolithic finds indicate where the red flint cores could have been gathered by Bolke. Here the residue from its working could be searched for in order to verify if and how it was worked in situ. A separate recycled core in its ultimate stage, which had been carried a long way, would show a particular estimation of its value. The solution to these questions can further our understanding of the long distance contacts of the hunter and gatherers in the late ice age, and of the significance of the raw material for their social connections.
2017
Im Herbst 2004 besuchte Verf. zum zweiten Mal seit 1999 die Region von Veaux-Malaucene im Dept. Vaucluse, Frankreich. Diesmal begab er sich in den Vorbergen des Mont Ventoux, der Crete du Rissas, auf die Spuren einer einheimischen Flintensteinindustrie, welche die regionalen kreidezeitlichen Feuersteinvorkommen nutzte. Dazu lagen zum damaligen Zeitpunkt so gut wie keine Hinweise vor, sieht man vom knappen Schlusskapitel in einem Bericht aus der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts uber eine dortige Hohlengrabung ab. Mit diesen sparlichen Informationen im Rucken begab sich Verf. fur einige Stunden ins Gelande und sties auf Dutzende von Werkplatzen der caillouteurs (Flintensteinhauer). Es handelt sich um eng begrenzte Konzentrationen von Feuersteinabfall in Form von Zerlegungs- und Praparationsabschlagen aller Grosen. Interessanterweise fehlten die erwarteten klassischen Restkerne von einer Klingenproduktion. Das heist, dass die Flintensteine dieser Region nicht klingenbasiert sind. Ins Auge sp...
Siedlungs- und Küstenforschung im südlichen Nordseegebiet 37, 2014
A blade core found at Damme near Lake Dümmer in 1996 was identifi ed in 2011 as red Heligoland flint. It resembles Late Upper Palaeolithic concepts of blade production in northern Central Europe, e.g. Hamburgian and Magdalenian, and could thus be older than the four known artefacts of the Federmesser groups. The exhausted core is the first evidence of transport and processing of raw material up to 200 km from its source. In 2012, in addition to Mesolithic and Late Palaeolithic artefacts, probable Late Upper Palaeolithic artefacts were mapped at the site that support the technical dating of the core. Its distance from the source is not necessarily explained by personal procurement expeditions or acquisition during migration; it could also have been exchanged by barter, as suggested by clear evidence of the transfer and circulation of stone artefacts among bands of hunter-gatherers.