Comparative study of the chemical composition and biological activities of Magnolia grandiflora and Magnolia virginiana flower essential oils (original) (raw)
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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2010
The phytoconstituents of essential oil and ethanol oleoresin of fresh and dry rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) were analyzed by GC-MS. The major constituents were aromatic-turmerone (24.4%), alphaturmerone (20.5%) and beta-turmerone (11.1%) in fresh rhizome and aromatic-turmerone (21.4%), alpha-santalene (7.2%) and aromatic-curcumene (6.6%) in dry rhizome oil. Whereas, in oleoresins, the major components were alpha-turmerone (53.4%), beta-turmerone (18.1%) and aromatic-turmerone (6.2%) in fresh and aromatic-turmerone (9.6%), alpha-santalene (7.8%) and alpha-turmerone (6.5%) in dry rhizome. Results showed that alpha-turmerone, a major component in fresh rhizomes is only minor one in dry rhizomes. Also, the content of beta-turmerone in dry rhizomes is less than a half amount found in fresh rhizomes. The antioxidant properties have been assessed by various lipid peroxidation assays as well as DPPH radical scavenging and metal chelating methods. The essential oil and ethanol oleoresin of fresh rhizomes have higher antioxidant properties as compared dry ones. j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / f o o d c h e m t o x
2017
The essential oil extracted from rhizome and leaf of <i>Curcuma angustifolia</i> Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) was characterised by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 32 and 35 identified constituents, comprising 92.6% and 92% of total leaf and rhizome oil, respectively. Curzerenone (33.2%), 14-hydroxy-<i>δ</i>-cadinene (18.6%) and <i>γ</i>-eudesmol acetate (7.3%) were the main components in leaf oil. In rhizome oil, curzerenone (72.6%), camphor (3.3%) and germacrone (3.3%) were found to be the major constituents<i>.</i> Antioxidant capacities of oil were assessed by various methods, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and reducing power ability (RPA). Based on the results, the leaf oil showed more antioxidant potential as compared to rhizome oil and reference standards (ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)). Thus...
Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 2016
The chemical composition of essential oil and oleoresins (ethanol, ethyl acetate and isopropanol) from rhizomes of Curcuma zedoaria was analyzed by the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy technique. The antioxidant studies were carried out by peroxide and thiobarbituric acid values, ferric thiocyanate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power methods. Curzerenone (31.6%) was the major component in the volatile oil, followed by germacrone (10.8%). In ethanol, isopropanol and ethyl acetate oleoresin, a total of 26, 25, and 40 components were identified respectively and the major ones are curzerenone, germacrone, camphor and curcumenol. Essential oil, oleoresins (ethyl acetate and isopropanol) showed potent antioxidant activity in all the experiments. However, the activity of ethanol oleoresin was found to be lower as compared to ethyl acetate and isopropanol oleoresin.
Industrial Crops and Products, 2012
The present work was conducted to assess and compare the chemical composition of volatile oils from fresh, dried and cured turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizomes from a selected single source. In addition, their antioxidant and radical scavenging potentials were correlated with chemical composition. Major components were ar-turmerone (21.0-30.3%), ˛-turmerone (26.5-33.5%) and ˇ-turmerone (18.9-21.1%). Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values were 38.9, 68.0 and 66.9 M at 1 mg of oil/ml for fresh, dried and cured rhizome respectively in ABTS assay. IC 50 values for fresh, dried and cured rhizome oil to quench DPPH radicals were 4.4, 3.5 and 3.9 mg of oil/ml respectively. Fresh, dried and cured rhizome oils showed antioxidant capacity of 358, 686 and 638 mM of ascorbic acid equivalents per 1 mg of oil respectively. The rhizome oil shows good reducing potential and was concentration dependent. It is inferred that the cured rhizomes provided high yield of volatile oil with appreciably high antioxidant potential.
Menoufia Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology
The problem of oxidation and free radicals is one of the factors that are very dangerous to human health, which requires searching for safe natural compounds to be included in the diet and work to combat free radicals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of essential oils of basil, thyme and lemongrass by two different methods (FRAP and DPPH) as well as to identify the active ingredients of each oil by GCMS. The results of the fractionation on the GCMS showed that the main components of the essential oils were as follows: basil (L-linalool 59.02% and 1,8-cineole 9.52%), thyme (Thymol 48.06%and p-cymene 38.57%), and lemongrass (Geranial 47.59% and neral 36.27%). In the FRAP method, essential oil of basil was the strongest as an antioxidant (2.35± 0.61 mMol Fe +2 /g), followed by essential oil of thyme (1.96± 0.42 mMol Fe +2 /g), followed by essential oil of lemongrass by a large margin (0.93± 0.21 mMol Fe +2 /g). Whereas, when studying the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method, the results showed through comparison with IC50 values that, basil essential oil was the strongest antioxidant (IC50 =144.78 ± 7.19 μg/ml), followed by lemongrass essential oil (IC50 =170.05 ± 6.97 μg/ml) and finally thyme essential oil (IC50 =183.45 ± 7.19 μg/ml), with a slight difference. The results clearly indicated that the essential oil of basil was the best as an antioxidant compared to the essential oils of lemongrass and thyme in both methods used for the determination of antioxidant activity in vitro (FRAP and DPPH); this makes it a promising source of natural antioxidants that can be used in diets.
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 2010
This study was to examine the in vitro antioxidant activities of forty-five commonly used essential oils and their major components. The oils and major components were subjected to screening for their possible antioxidant activity by measuring the ABTS +‧ radical scavenging ability, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The ABTS +‧ radical scavenging ability and reducing power of cinnamon leaf and clove bud essential oils are the best two among these essential oils. At the concentration of 1 mg/mL, cinnamon leaf (96.45 ± 0.01%) and clove bud (96.33 ± 0.01%) essential oils showed the strongest ABTS +‧ radical scavenging ability. The EC 50 values of cinnamon leaf and clove bud essential oils are 12 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL, respectively. At the concentration of 10 mg/mL, cinnamon leaf and clove bud essential oils showed reducing power of 119.42 ± 0.68% and 112.92 ± 0.87% relative to butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), respectively. Eugenol is the main component of cinnamon leaf and clove bud essential oils that contributes significantly to their ABTS +‧ radical scavenging activity and reducing power. In the metal chelating activity test system, basil essential oil was determined to be 57.48 ± 0.25% and its EC 50 value is 984 μg/mL. Methyl chavicol is the major component of the basil essential oil that attributes greatly to its metal chelating activity. The higher phenolic content may explain the higher ABTS +‧ radical scavenging and reducing power activity of the forty-five kinds of commonly used essential oils. High electron density of the oxygen atom and low steric hindrance of the plane molecule of the methyl chavicol are the two possibilities that account for its higher metal chelating ability.
Comprehensive Assessment of Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils
Journal of Food Science, 2012
Essential oils have been studied for their unique ability to act as antioxidants. Antioxidant activities of 423 essential oils of 48 different botanical families were evaluated for their antioxidant activities as free radical scavenging agents using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. Seventy-three oils showed 50% or more inhibition at a concentration of 1.25 mg/mL. The 73 most active oil samples were further evaluated for their scavenging activities using series of dilutions to estimate their EC 50 . The EC 50 of the 73 most active oils ranged from 4 to 2000 μg/mL. Oils having an EC 50 of less than 300 μg/mL (20 selected samples) were subjected to β-carotene bleaching antioxidant activity test and more detailed analysis including thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography and bioautography. Essential oils of the botanical families Lamiaceae and Myrtaceae were the most effective antioxidants. Thymol and carvacrol were the major constituents in most of the essential oils of the family Lamiaceae and eugenol was the major terpene in all of the essential oils of the family Myrtaceae.
Biological and Nonbiological Antioxidant Activity of Some Essential Oils
Biological and nonbiological antioxidant activity of some essential oils., 2016
Fifteen essential oils, four essential oil fractions, and three pure compounds (thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol), characterized by gas chromatography and gas chromatography−mass spectrometry, were investigated for biological and nonbiological antioxidant activity. Clove oil and eugenol showed strong DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free-radical scavenging activity (IC 50 = 13.2 μg/mL and 11.7 μg/mL, respectively) and powerfully inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human neutrophils stimulated by PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) (IC 50 = 7.5 μg/mL and 1.6 μg/mL) or H 2 O 2 (IC 50 = 22.6 μg/mL and 27.1 μg/mL). Nutmeg, ginger, and palmarosa oils were also highly active on this test. Essential oils from clove and ginger, as well as eugenol, carvacrol, and bornyl acetate inhibited NO (nitric oxide) production (IC 50 < 50.0 μg/mL). The oils of clove, red thyme, and Spanish oregano, together with eugenol, thymol, and carvacrol showed the highest myeloperoxidase inhibitory activity. Isomers carvacrol and thymol displayed a disparate behavior in some tests. All in all, clove oil and eugenol offered the best antioxidant profile.