Low-frequency vibrational modes of viruses used for nanoelectronic self-assemblies (original) (raw)
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Vibrational Modes of Nano-Template Viruses
Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology, 2005
Viruses have recently attracted attention as biological templates for assembly of nanostructures and nanoelectronic circuits. They can be coated with metals, silica or semiconductor materials and form end-to-end nanorod assemblies. Such viruses as tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and M13 bacteriophage have appropriate cylindrical shape and particularly suitable dimensions: M13 is 860 nm long and 6.5 nm in diameter, while TMV is 300 nm long, 18 nm in diameter and with a 4 nm in diameter axial channel. The knowledge of vibrational, i.e. quasi-acoustic phonon, modes of these viruses is important for material and structural characterization of the virus-based nano-templates and for in-situ control of the nanostructure self-assembly. In this paper we report on calculation of the dispersion relations for the lowest vibrational frequencies of TMV and M13 bacteriophage immersed in air and water. We analyze the damping of vibrations in water and discuss application of micro-Raman spectroscopy for control of the virus-based self-assembly processes.
Physics of Nanomechanical Spectrometry of Viruses
Scientific Reports, 2014
There is an emerging need of nanotools able to quantify the mechanical properties of single biological entities. A promising approach is the measurement of the shifts of the resonant frequencies of ultrathin cantilevers induced by the adsorption of the studied biological systems. Here, we present a detailed theoretical analysis to calculate the resonance frequency shift induced by the mechanical stiffness of viral nanotubes. The model accounts for the high surface-to-volume ratio featured by single biological entities, the shape anisotropy and the interfacial adhesion. The model is applied to the case in which tobacco mosaic virus is randomly delivered to a silicon nitride cantilever. The theoretical framework opens the door to a novel paradigm for biological spectrometry as well as for measuring the Young's modulus of biological systems with minimal strains.
Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics, 2019
In this work, we have studied the effect of size and aqueous medium on the low-frequency dynamics, physical properties like melting temperature and glass transition temperature and chemical properties like catalytic activation energy of spherical virus using Lindemann's criteria and Arrhenius relation under their dynamic limit. The melting temperature and catalytic activation energy decrease with decreasing size of spherical virus. The glass transition temperature which increases with decreasing size of the virus is analyzed through the size dependent melting temperature. The melting temperature and catalytic activation energy of spherical virus of particular size increases when it is embedded in glycerol or water due to mismatch of the physical properties at the interface of virus and surrounding medium. In addition, the glass transition temperature of free and glycerol/water embedded virus using low-frequency vibrational modes has been calculated under the framework of elastic continuum approximation model. The glass transition temperature of spherical virus decreases with size when embedded in glycerol or water. A correlation between T g and T m is also drawn for spherical viruses. The study can be useful for spherical virus borne therapy i.e. in detecting and killing of the spherical viruses using a principle based on acoustic phonons (sound waves) resonance.
Directed Self-Assembly of Virus-Based Hybrid Nanostructures
2005
Viruses of various geometrical shapes have been exploited as higher hierarchical biomolecules in selfassembled nanoelectronic structures. We have demonstrated several organic virus particle and inorganic nanoparticle peptide-directed conjugations, including cylindrical tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) with quantum dots (QD) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and icosahedral poliovirus (PV) with SWCNTs using ethylene carbodiimide coupling (EDC) procedure. In order to exploit these nanostructures as interconnects in nanoelectronics, metallization was also performed by reducing platinum particles onto these conjugations to make them conductive. Characterizations such as scanning and tunneling electron microscopy, fluorescent imaging and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were shown to prove the organic-inorganic connected heterostructures
Colloids and Surfaces B-biointerfaces, 2000
Spherical plant viruses like the tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV) allow for multiple applications in nanotechnology due to their shape. In this article, different types of the virus were created by extending coat protein (CP) at carboxylic termini with 2 different charged amino acids by point mutation. The obtained CPs carried 6 aspartic acid (negative charge) and 4 histamine (positive charge) residues. The ability of TBSV to form self assembled monolayers with large ordered areas on native and chemically modified mica will be presented. The structural differences between layers formed by the wild type and by the genetically modified types will be discussed in detail.► Genetically modified tomato bushy stunt virus is applicable as self assembled biomolecule for nanostructures. ► Negative virus particles form a regular surface coverage. ► The interaction between the virus particles and the surface can be explained by electrostatic interaction. ► In future the virus particles will be tested to build electronic devices.
Viruses, Artificial Viruses and Virus-Based Structures for Biomedical Applications
Advanced Healthcare Materials, 2016
Nanobiomaterials such as virus particles and artificial virus particles offer tremendous opportunities to develop new biomedical applications such as drug/gene-delivery, imaging and sensing but also allow to understand more about biological mechanisms. Recent advances within the field of virus-based systems give insights in how to mimic viral structures and virus assembly processes as well as understanding biodistribution, cell/tissue targeting, controlled and triggered disassembly or release and circulation times. All these factors are of high importance for virus-based functional systems and therefore mimicking and enhancing or controlling these aspects to a high degree as is illustrated in this review for delivery and imaging.
Plant virus directed fabrication of nanoscale materials and devices
Virology, 2015
Bottom-up self-assembly methods in which individual molecular components self-organize to form functional nanoscale patterns are of long-standing interest in the field of materials sciences. Such self-assembly processes are the hallmark of biology where complex macromolecules with defined functions assemble from smaller molecular components. In particular, plant virus-derived nanoparticles (PVNs) have drawn considerable attention for their unique self-assembly architectures and functionalities that can be harnessed to produce new materials for industrial and biomedical applications. In particular, PVNs provide simple systems to model and assemble nanoscale particles of uniform size and shape that can be modified through molecularly defined chemical and genetic alterations. Furthermore, PVNs bring the added potential to "farm" such bio-nanomaterials on an industrial scale, providing a renewable and environmentally sustainable means for the production of nano-materials. This...
Nanoscale science and technology with plant viruses and bacteriophages
Nanoscale science refers to the study and manipulation of matter at the atomic and molecular scales, including nanometer-sized single objects, while nanotechnology is used for the synthesis, characterization, and for technical applications of structures up to 100 nm size (and more). The broad nature of the fields encompasses disciplines such as solid-state physics, microfabrication, molecular biology, surface science, organic chemistry and also virology. Indeed, viruses and viral particles constitute nanometer-sized ordered architectures, with some of them even able to self-assemble outside cells. They possess remarkable physical, chemical and biological properties, their structure can be tailored by genetic engineering and by chemical means, and their production is commercially viable. As a consequence, viruses are becoming the basis of a new approach to the manufacture of nanoscale materials, made possible only by the development of imaging and manipulation techniques. Such techniques reach the scale of single molecules and nanoparticles. The most important ones are electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy (both awarded with the Nobel Prize in Physics 1986 for the engineers and scientists who developed the respective instruments). With nanotechnology being based more on experimental than on theoretical investigations, it emerges that physical virology can be seen as an intrinsic part of it.
Buckling Causes Nonlinear Dynamics of Filamentous Viruses Driven through Nanopores
Physical Review Letters, 2018
Measurements and Langevin dynamics simulations of filamentous viruses driven through solidstate nanopores reveal a superlinear rise in the translocation velocity with driving force. The mobility also scales with the length of the virus in a nontrivial way that depends on the force. These dynamics are consequences of the buckling of the leading portion of a virus as it emerges from the nanopore and is put under compressive stress by the viscous forces it encounters. The leading tip of a buckled virus stalls and this reduces the total viscous drag force. We present a scaling theory which connects the solid mechanics to the nonlinear dynamics of polyelectrolytes translocating nanopores.