SHA 029. Efficacy of adipose derived stem cell in cardiac muscle repair (original) (raw)
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Comparative Haematology International, 2010
This study was designed to compare the efficacy of intraventricular (IV), intramyocardial (IM) or combined IV and IM injections of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) administered either immediately, 5, or 10 days after induction of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a nude rat model. Acute myocardial infarction was induced in 99, adult (250–350 g BW), male nude rats strain Crl:NIH-Fox1RNU. Rats received either no cells (group I, n = 15) or 2 million, hADSCs as follows: group II (n = 19) IV injection immediately after AMI; group III (n = 18) IV injection 5 days after AMI; group IV (n = 15) IV injection 5 days and IM injection 10 days after AMI; group V (n = 17) IV injection immediately after AMI and IM injection 10 days after AMI and group VI (n = 15) IM injection 10 days after AMI. Tissue sections from hearts were studied using H&E and immunohistochemistry. In the control group, there was a tendency toward granulation tissue formation, active phagocytosis, and variable angiogenesis when evaluated at 10 days, early fibrosis when evaluated at 30 days, and established fibrosis when evaluated at 60 days. However, hADSC-treated groups showed a tendency toward cardiomyocyte regeneration and prominent angiogenesis when evaluated at 10 days and smaller infarction size when evaluated at 30 and 60 days. The present study showed a significantly decreased amount of scar tissue following myocardial infarction and enhanced regenerative capacity of myocardial cells following a single, intraventricular injection of 2 million hADSCs immediately after AMI.
Availability of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgical Procedures
Journal of Surgical Research, 2010
Background-Most research evaluating adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) uses tissue obtained from young, healthy patients undergoing plastic surgical procedures. Given the propensity of other adult stem cell lines to diminish with increasing patient age and co-morbidities, we assess the availability of ASC in elderly patients undergoing vascular surgical procedures, and evaluate their acquisition of endothelial cell (EC) traits to define their potential use in vascular tissue engineering.
The Role of Stem Cells in Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Repair
Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry, 2002
and Mouse Biology Programme, EMBL, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy (NR) S U M M A R Y In postnatal muscle, skeletal muscle precursors (myoblasts) can be derived from satellite cells (reserve cells located on the surface of mature myofibers) or from cells lying beyond the myofiber, e.g., interstitial connective tissue or bone marrow. Both of these classes of cells may have stem cell properties. In addition, the heretical idea that postmitotic myonuclei lying within mature myofibers might be able to re-form myoblasts or stem cells is examined and related to recent observations for similar post-mitotic cardiomyocytes. In adult hearts (which previously were not considered capable of repair), the role of replicating endogenous cardiomyocytes and the recruitment of other (stem) cells into cardiomyocytes for new cardiac muscle formation has recently attracted much attention. The relative contribution of these various sources of precursor cells in postnatal muscles and the factors that may enhance stem cell participation in the formation of new skeletal and cardiac muscle in vivo are the focus of this review. We concluded that, although many endogenous cell types can be converted to skeletal muscle, the contribution of non-myogenic cells to the formation of new postnatal skeletal muscle in vivo appears to be negligible. Whether the recruitment of such cells to the myogenic lineage can be significantly enhanced by specific inducers and the appropriate microenvironment is a current topic of intense interest. However, dermal fibroblasts appear promising as a realistic alternative source of exogenous myoblasts for transplantation purposes. For heart muscle, experiments showing the participation of bone marrow-derived stem cells and endothelial cells in the repair of damaged cardiac muscle are encouraging. (J Histochem Cytochem 50:589-610, 2002)
The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 2018
Tissue-engineered vascular grafts containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells offer an alternative to small-diameter vascular grafts currently used in cardiac and lower-extremity revascularization procedures. Adipose-derived, mesenchymal stem cell-infused, tissue-engineered vascular grafts have been shown to promote remodeling and vascular homeostasis in vivo and offer a possible treatment solution for those with cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, the time needed to cultivate adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells remains a large hurdle for tissue-engineered vascular grafts as a treatment option. The purpose of this study was to determine if stromal vascular fraction (known to contain progenitor cells) seeded tissue-engineered vascular grafts would remain patent in vivo and remodel, allowing for a "same-day" process for tissue-engineered vascular graft fabrication and implantation. Stromal vascular fraction, obtained from adult human adipose tissue, was seeded wi...
Cytotherapy, 2014
Background aims. Non-revascularizable critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the most severe stage of peripheral arterial disease, with no therapeutic option. Extensive preclinical studies have demonstrated that adipose-derived stroma cell (ASC) transplantation strongly improves revascularization and tissue perfusion in ischemic limbs. This study, named ACellDREAM, is the first phase I trial to evaluate the feasibility and safety of intramuscular injections of autologous ASC in non-revascularizable CLI patients. Methods. Seven patients were consecutively enrolled, on the basis of the following criteria: (i) lowerlimb rest pain or ulcer; (ii) ankle systolic oxygen pressure <50 or 70 mm Hg for non-diabetic and diabetic patients, respectively, or first-toe systolic oxygen pressure <30 mm Hg or 50 mm Hg for non-diabetic and diabetic patients, respectively; (iii) not suitable for revascularization. ASCs from abdominal fat were grown for 2 weeks and were then characterized. Results. More than 200 million cells were obtained, with almost total homogeneity and no karyotype abnormality. The expressions of stemness markers Oct4 and Nanog were very low, whereas expression of telomerase was undetectable in human ASCs compared with human embryonic stem cells. ASCs (10 8) were then intramuscularly injected into the ischemic leg of patients, with no complication, as judged by an independent committee. Trans-cutaneous oxygen pressure tended to increase in most patients. Ulcer evolution and wound healing showed improvement. Conclusions. These data demonstrate the feasibility and safety of autologous ASC transplantation in patients with objectively proven CLI not suitable for revascularization. The improved wound healing also supports a putative functional efficiency.
A New Protocol to Collect Adipose Tissue for Regenerative Purposes
2020
Mesenchymal stem cells are ease of isolation and cultivation for an ex vivo expansion potential in line with the numerous therapeutic mechanisms (paracrine pro-regenerative, anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and immunomodulatory functions) have contributed to a broad exploitation. But the pre-clinical studies, demonstrated that apparently not the proposed multi-lineage differentiation potential but rather their secreted bioactive molecules that modulate immune and inflammatory responses were key to exerting therapeutic effects, The interactions between parenchymal and mesenchymal cells, justifies a principally novel approach for regenerative medicine based on co-application of MSC and parenchymal cell for the most efficient tissue repair, than our focus is the all Stromal Vascular Fraction for a more optimized regenerative goal. Moreover, the potential therapeutic window for the treatment of acute conditions, such as myocardial ischemia and ischemic stroke, require imme...
The Egyptian Journal of Anatomy, 2018
Background: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains one of the leading causes of deformity worldwide. Among various therapeutic options for PAD, stem cell-based therapies hold some great promises. Nonetheless, the therapeutic efficacy faces the limitation of poor survival of donor cells. The aim of this work: Isolation of the rat bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue MSCs (AD-MSCs) and assessing their growth kinetics and their role in improvement of angiogenesis after induction of acute hind limb ischemia through ligation of the femoral artery of the adult male albino rat. Material and Methods: The rat bone marrow and the adipose tissue were isolated from 10 male adult albino rats. They cultured and expanded through 6 passages. Acute lower limb ischemia was done by ligation of unilateral left sided femoral artery of an adult male albino rat. Both BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs, were injected immediately following ischemia in the semimembranosus muscle. BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs biological characteristics evaluated for cell therapy (morphology, flow cytometric analysis, colony-forming unit-fibroblast assay, proliferation capacity at passages 2, 4 and 6, population doubling time (PDT) and cell growth curves). Evaluation of muscle regeneration and angiogenesis was assessed through H&E staining of the tissue, Masson Trichrome to assess fibrosis, CD31 immunostaining for new blood vessel formation and electron microscopic examination for the cells ultrastructure. Results: BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs attached to the culture flask and displayed spindle-shaped morphology, more evident in AD-MSCs. Proliferation rate of AD-MSCs in the analyzed passages was more than BM-MSCs. The increase in the population doubling time (PDT) of both types of MSCs occurs with the increase in the number of passages. Light , electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry showed the better ability of AD-MSCs in improving the ischemic limb through their angiogenetic capacity than BM-MSCs. Conclusion: Rat AD-MSCs have growth kinetic advantages in the proliferative capacity,colony-forming unite fibroblast, population doubling time and angiogenic capacity when transplanted in a rat model of a hind limb ischemia more than that of BM-MSCs