The development and standardization of the Children Activity Scales (ChAS-P/T) for the early identification of children with Developmental Coordination Disorders (original) (raw)
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Early Child Development and Care, 2015
Background: In order to identify Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) as soon as possible, we need validated screening instruments that can be used for the early identification of motor coordination delays. The aim of this study was to establish the suitability of the Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (Little DCDQ) for the identification of DCD in a selected group of 3-5-year-old South African children (N = 53). Method: Both reliability and validity of the Little DCDQ were assessed. Test items of the Little DCDQ, completed by the parents, were compared against the standardised Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, in a group of 53 children aged 3-5 years. Results: Correlations of r = 0.3 were established between two of the test items and good internal consistency (Chronbach's Alpha, r = > 0.8) was established. The Little DCDQ showed poor sensitivity (57.14%), but reasonable specificity (81.25%). Conclusion: These results indicate that the Little DCDQ has potential as a screening instrument to detect possible DCD, but a few adjustments need to be considered.
2015
Objective: Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) struggle with the activities of daily living which require motor coordination. In order to appreciate the impact of the DCD on the participation, several questionnaires for teachers and/or parents have been developed. The questionnaires differ in their structure and contents. This article aims to make a review of the existing DCD questionnaires. Method: A search of the available articles on the validation of DCD questionnaires was done during September 2014 and June 2015 on the following databases: Medline and Web of Science. The following combined keywords were introduced: developmental coordination disorder, activity and questionnaire. Only questionnaires or checklists for parents/caretakers and/or teachers of children with probable DCD were retained. Results: Six questionnaires were identified: the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 Checklist, the Revised Developmental Disorder Coordination Questionnaire, the DCD Daily Questionnaire, the Motor Observation Questionnaire for Teachers, and the Children Activity Scales for Parents and the Children Activity Scales for Teachers. The sensitivity is high (≥80) in two questionnaires: DCDdaily Q and MOQ-T, it tends to be low in the other questionnaires. The specificity is high (≥90) in three questionnaires: ChAS-T, ChAS-P and DCDdailyQ. The results for the DCDQ'07 in the different studies are divergent and inconclusive. Conclusion: The questionnaire which had the most reliable sensitivity and specificity is the DCDdailyQ. The DCDailyQ is currently the only questionnaire which has a good balance between the categories of items. It can identify children with and without DCD. In order to confirm this assumption, more cultural and psychometric validation is still needed.
Evaluation of a screening instrument for developmental coordination disorder
Journal of Adolescent Health, 2004
Methods: A sample of 209 children (M ؍ 121; F ؍ 87) consented to the BOTMP test, CSAPPA scale, Participation Questionnaire, Léger 20-meter Shuttle Run, and body fat using bioelectric impedance. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and Kappa statistic were used to validate the CSAPPA scale as a predictor for significant clumsiness on the BOTMP test. Results: Prevalence of DCD was .09 ؎ .03 of both males and females, all previously undiagnosed. A positive cutoff of < 47 and < 53 for DCD on the CSAPPA scale was identified in male and females, respectively. Both gender cut-offs demonstrated significant agreement (p < .01) with a positive BOTMP test. Males' results indicated a sensitivity and specificity values of .90 (CI ؍ .18) and .89 (CI ؍ .22). Likewise, the female subject cutoff demonstrated high sensitivity [.88 (CI ؍ .05)] and specificity [75 (CI ؍ .09)]
Evaluation of the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire as a screening instrument
Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2006
Disorder Questionnaire (DCD-Q) in a random sample of 608 children aged 4-12 years (mean age 7.8 (SD 2.4); 311 boys/297 girls), a sample of 55 children with DCD aged 4-12 years, referred to a rehabilitation clinic (mean age 8.3 (SD 2.0); 48 boys/7girls) and a control sample matched for age and gender. The DCD-Q proves to be reliable and valid both in the age range for which the questionnaire was developed and in a younger age range (4-8 years). Sensitivity and specificity of the DCD-Q was assessed using the Movement ABC as gold standard. The DCD-Q meets standards for sensitivity in the clinic-referred sample, but not in the random sample. Specificity almost reaches the desired standard of 90% in both samples.
Research in …, 2010
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is an important risk factor in the development of children that can have a significant academic and social impact. This reinforces the need for its timely identification using appropriate assessment methods and accurate screening tests. The commonly used standardized motor test for the DCD identification is the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-Test (M-ABC Test) (Henderson & Sugden, 1992). The aim of the present study was to examine if the M-ABC Test can be considered to be the “gold standard” for the motor assessment of children with the aforementioned disorder. For that purpose, a critical review of the extant literature regarding M-ABC Test's psychometric properties was conducted. Neither the test manual nor the studies reviewed provide support for the reliability and validity of the M-ABC Test results in children with DCD. Until sufficient evidence for its technical adequacy is accumulated, the M-ABC Test should not be used in isolation for children with DCD. Keywords: Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Validity, Reliability
Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2011
The early identification of motor coordination challenges before school age may enable close monitoring of a child's development and perhaps ameliorate some of the social, psychological and behavioral sequela that often accompany unrecognized Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The purpose of this study was to develop and assess the initial psychometric properties of a screening tool, the Little DCD Questionnaire (Little DCDQ), designed to identify DCD amongst preschoolers aged 3 and 4. Methods: The suitability of the items of the DCDQ'07 for 3-and 4-year-old children was assessed. Four items were found to be suitable and new items were generated. Content validity was ensured using a Table of Specification and the items were categorized into three sub-categories (Control During Movement, Fine Motor and General Coordination). The Little DCDQ was administered to 146 children (91 boys) aged 3 and 4 (mean age = 49.39 AE 7.16 months). Ninety-one typically developing children were included (mean age = 47.80 AE 7.05 months; 46 boys) while 55 children had been referred or were being treated for some form of developmental delay (mean age = 52.02 AE 6.60 months; 45 boys). Of this sample, 28 parents completed the questionnaire twice within a 2-week interval. Results: Test-retest reliability was evidenced by moderate to good intraclass correlation coefficient values between scores on the two administrations for the total and the three sub-category scores. Evidence of internal consistency was provided by adequate to high Cronbach's alpha coefficients calculated for each item, each sub-category score and the total score for the total group, and separately for the control group and the clinically referred group. Validity evidence based on relations to other variables was provided by the finding of significant group differences (clinically referred and control) for the total and sub-category scores for both the age groups and the total group. Conclusions: Based on the preliminary psychometric evidence, it appears that the Little DCDQ meets many of the necessary standards for validity and reliability as a screening instrument, and shows promise as a useful clinical and research tool.
Inquiries in Sport & …
One of the most popular tests used in studies that focus on children with DCD, is the Movement Assessment Battery for children (MABC). The aim of this study was to explore the ability of teachers of physical education to identify movement difficulties in primary education children. Three hundred and thirty children (165 girls, 165 boys) participated in this study. The MABC test was then administered by asking the child to perform a series of motor tasks. In addition, the physical education teachers asked from the children to complete the M-ABC checklist. In addition, children were administered the M-ABC Test by the first two authors trained in assessment of children. The results showed that educators have low ability of recognizing children with motor problems as they only recognized 16 out of 59 children (27,1%) with motor problems using the 15th percentile as a cut- off point. Concurrent validity was investigated by means of measure of agreement Kappa and Pearson correlation between the scores on the Test and the Checklist and showed statistically significant rates, though not sufficiently high (k= 0.14, p=.001 and R= 0.39, p<.01). The specificity however, was sufficiently high for the educators, revealing that they have the ability of recognizing children without motor problems. For proper identification of children with DCD, it is not sufficient to screen children using the Checklist; the M-ABC Test needs to be used accordingly to confirm the diagnosis. Both the Test and the Checklist should be employed, and to be identified, a child must fail both instruments. Key words: Identification, Evaluation, Physical education teachers, Motor disabilities, Primary education children