Новая находка перекрестья и навершия рукояти византийского меча с территории Черкасского района Черкасской области Украины / A new find of a Byzantine sword-guard and a pommel in Cherkasy Raion, Cherkasy Oblast, Ukraine (original) (raw)
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Баранов Г. В. Перекрестье меча из раскопок византийского Херсона, 2018
The article describes a sword-guard from archaeological excavations of Chersonesus which were conducted in 1905 under the guidance of Karl Kazimirovich Kosciuszko-Valyuzhinich. The sword-guard is a rare example of such type of armament and for now it is the only sword-guard of his type which originates from the territory of the Byzantine Empire. Despite these facts the sword-guard didn't attract the interest of researchers for more than 100 years. In 2009 it was studied by the Bulgarian archaeologist V. Yotov. His article was devoted to the search of analogies and didn't contain a detailed description of the object. The current article fills this gap. On the basis of the context and the analogical objects the article suggests to limit the dating by the end of the 10th und the beginning of the 11th century for the Chersonesus sword-guard and by the end of the 10th and the first half of the 11th century for the sword-guards of this type in general.
Новгородский исторический сборник. Вып.17 (27). Великий Новгород. С.3-34. , 2017
A. V. Plokhov. Buckle of the ‘Byzantine’ type from the village of Lyubytino in Middle Pomostye This article concerns an early mediaeval cast buckle with a nearly rectangular frame and semi-oval plate. The object originates from an illegal excavation of kurgans near the village of Lyubytino. This study considers available shape and decoration parallels of this find. Quite a number of construction features are believed to be characteristic of production of Byzantine masters whereas the ornamental composition on the plate seems to pertain to the ‘Khazarian’ variant of plant decoration. A combination of this kind suggests that this object was manufactured in a Crimean workshop concerned with production of composite belts for the elite of the Khazar Khaganate. Analysis of the available data allows us to limit the period of the use of the buckle from Middle Pomostye to the 730s–770s AD. Occurrence of this object far to the north from the main area of distribution of the ‘Early Saltovo’ belt fittings evidently was linked with the formation of the Baltic-Volga trade route. Keywords: early mediaeval archaeology, buckle of the ‘Byzantine group’, belt fittings, Vrap–Erseke type, Saltovo-Mayatskaya culture, Nevolino culture, Volga route, Middle Pomostye.
The article is dedicated to the sword’s scabbard chape found at the village of Staraya Belitsa in the vicinity of Gomel on the territory of the identified Ancient Rus’ settlement. It belongs to a rare group of high cast chapes dating from the end of the 10th – the first half of the 11th century, probably produced in Ancient Rus’. A significant area of the settlement, a large number of barrows that used to be nearby and the find of the sword’s scabbard chape may indicate that in the immediate vicinity of the chronicles' Gomiy near the village of Staraya Belitsa, there used to be a settlement that was controlled by the representatives of the princely administration.
Sergey Yu. Kainov, Oleg M. Oleynikov A SWORD GUARD FROM THE EXCAVATION SITE IN BOLSHAYA MOSKOVSKAYA STREET IN VELIKY NOVGOROD In 2014, thousands of various objects of the 11th–19th centuries were found in Veliky Novgorod at the excavation site (Bolshaya Moskovskaya St., 30). On the estate area, an underground pit of rectangular shape was revealed with dimensions of 200 × 120 cm and deepened 150 cm into the layer. The pit walls were lined with wide half-beams inserted into the grooves in logs located at the corners of the pit. According to the data of dendrochronological analysis, this structure was built in 1188 and lasted until the early 13th century. Filling of this basement among other objects, including those manufactured in Western Europe, produced a sword guard. It fits into a representative series of weapons decorated with a silver inlay in the form of spirals and palmettes, found mostly in Finland and Karelia. A narrow dating of the archaeological context of the find is essential to determine the chronology of the existence of swords decorated in this way.
O.V. Shelekhan SINGLE-BLADE SWORD FROM BARROW NEAR MYRNE IN KHERSON REGION Analyzed is a unique single-blade sword found in the Scythian burial 2 of the barrow 2 near Myrne village in Kherson Oblast. To determine its place in system of armament the author proposes a typology of single-blade arms from the Scythian sites. Single-edged blades are discussed apart from double-edged ones as an equivalent class. They are cross-divided into two subclasses by the blade shape and into two types by the peculiar features of handles. The first type (a sword from Myrne belongs to it) includes single-blade swords with a remarkable North Balkan influence. The second type includes so-called hybrid single-blade samples with typical Scythian handle originating from archaic hybrid forms of the Carpathian basin. A sword from Myrne is dated by the second quarter of the 5-th c. BC. Conclusively, it is one of the first similar products known on the territory of Scythia. Perhaps such swords were spread as a result of conflicts between the Scythians and the Thracians after the Scythian-Persian War. These events are reflected in Herodotus’ information about the death of Scythian leader Ariapeithes. Judging from a set of armament, this sword’s owner was apparently riding warrior-retainer. His burial is in one line with such famous 5-th c. graves of heavy warriors as barrow 2 Hladkivshchyna and burial 1 in barrow Novorozanivka. Coming from technological peculiarities, a sword from Myrne was destined mainly for riding battles: for felling the enemy. This is indicated by a significant blade size, and also by the fact that its centre of gravity is displaced to the edge. However, such peculiarities apparently demanded certain skills in usage determining relatively insignificant spread of this equipment in Scythian milieu. It should be added, that a classic double-blade swоrd was more effective in the battle with enemy clothed in scale armour.