A Member of the Delta Subgroup of Proteobacteria from a Pyogenic Liver Abscess Is a Typical Sulfate Reducer of the Genus Desulfovibrio (original) (raw)
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Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2005
Seventeen human clinical isolates representing four species of Desulfovibrio were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequences and tests for catalase, indole, nitrate, bile, urease, formate-fumarate stimulation, desulfoviridin, motility, and hydrogen sulfide production, plus susceptibility to antimicrobial agents. Eighty additional strains representing 10 phenotypically similar genera ( Bilophila , Selenomonas , Capnocytophaga , Campylobacter , Bacteroides , Sutterella , Anaerobiospirillum , Dialister , Veillonella , and Mobiluncus ) were included for comparison. All Desulfovibrio species produced H 2 S and were desulfoviridin positive, and all Desulfovibrio species except D. piger were motile. The four Desulfovibrio species could be distinguished from each other using tests for catalase, indole, nitrate, urease, and growth on bile, with the following results (positive [+], negative [−], growth [G], and no growth [NG]): for D. piger , −,− , −, −, and G, respectively; for D . fairfiel...
Isolation and Characterisation of a Novel Sulphate-reducing Bacterium of the Desulfovibrio Genus
Anaerobe, 1998
A novel sulphate-reducing bacterium (Ind 1) was isolated from a biofilm removed from a severely corroded carbon steel structure in a marine environment. Light microscopy observations revealed that cells were Gramnegative, rod shaped and very motile. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis of the fatty acid profile demonstrated a strong similarity between the new species and members from the Desulfovibrio genus. This was confirmed by the results obtained following purification and characterisation of the key proteins involved in the sulphate-reduction pathway. Several metal-containing proteins, such as two periplasmic proteins: hydrogenase and cytochrome c 3 , and two cytoplasmic proteins: ferredoxin and sulphite reductase, were isolated and purified. The latter proved to be of the desulfoviridin type which is typical of the Desulfovibrio genus. The study of the remaining proteins revealed a high degree of similarity with the homologous proteins isolated from Desulfovibrio gigas. However, the position of the strain within the phylogenetic tree clearly indicates that the bacterium is closely related to Desulfovibrio gabonensis, and these three strains form a separate cluster in the delta subdivision of the Proteobacteria.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2009
Desulfovibrio paquesii sp. nov., a hydrogenotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a synthesis-gas-fed bioreactor treating zinc-and sulfate-rich wastewater A hydrogenotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain SB1 T , was isolated from sulfidogenic sludge of a full-scale synthesis-gas-fed bioreactor used to remediate wastewater from a zinc smelter. Strain SB1 T was found to be an abundant micro-organism in the sludge at the time of isolation. Hydrogen, formate, pyruvate, lactate, malate, fumarate, succinate, ethanol and glycerol served as electron donors for sulfate reduction. Organic substrates were incompletely oxidized to acetate. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the closest recognized relative to strain SB1 T was Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T (97.5 % similarity). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain SB1 T was 62.2 mol%, comparable with that of Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T (60.2 mol%). However, the level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SB1 T and Desulfovibrio gigas DSM 1382 T was only 56.0 %, indicating that the two strains are not related at the species level. Strain SB1 T could also be differentiated from Desulfovibrio gigas based on phenotypic characteristics, such as major cellular fatty acid composition (anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 14 : 0 and C 18 : 1 cis 9) and substrate utilization. Strain SB1 T is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Desulfovibrio, for which the name Desulfovibrio paquesii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SB1 T (5DSM 16681 T 5JCM 14635 T ).
Anaerobe, 2005
A new mesophilic sulphate-reducing bacterium, designated strain DvO5 T (T ¼ type strain), was isolated from the outermost sulphate reduction-positive most-probable-number tube (10 À6 dilution) of an activated sludge sample, which had been oxygenated at 100% air saturation for 120 h. The motile, Gram-negative, curved 1 by 2-5 mm and non-spore-forming cells of strain DvO5 T existed singly or in chains. Strain DvO5 T grew optimally at 29 1C, pH 6.9 and 0.05% (w/v) NaCl in a medium containing lactate, sulphate and yeast extract. Sulphite, thiosulphate and elemental sulphur also served as electron acceptors whereas nitrate, nitrite or ferric iron were not reduced. Lactate, pyruvate, H 2 (with acetate as carbon source), ethanol and glycerol efficiently supported growth as electron donors. Pyruvate and malate were fermented. Strain DvO5 T reduced oxygen by oxidising endogenous polyglucose at rates ranging from 0.4 to 6.0 nmol O 2 /mg protein min depending on the oxygen concentration, the highest rates being observed at atmospheric oxygen saturation. The G+C content of the DNA was 57.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DvO5 T was a member of the genus Desulfovibrio with D. magneticus (98.2% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and D. burkinensis (97.5% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) being its closest relatives among validly described species. A similar phylogenetic affiliation was obtained by sequence analyses of the genes encoding the alpha and the beta subunit of dissimilatory sulphite reductase (dsrAB) as well as the alpha subunit of adenosine-5 0-phosphosulphate reductase (apsA) of strain DvO5 T. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, strain DvO5 T (DSM 16695 T , JCM 12613 T) is proposed as the type strain of a new species, Desulfovibrio aerotolerans sp. nov.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 2017
A novel, mesophilic, strictly anaerobic, sulfate-reducing and propionate-oxidizing bacterium, strain Prop6 T , was enriched and isolated from a municipal anaerobic sewage sludge digester. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, catalase-positive, oval rods, motile by means of amphitrichous flagella, non-spore-forming and contained menaquinone MK-5(H2) as the major respiratory quinone. The genomic DNA G+C content was 51.7 mol%. The optimal NaCl concentration, temperature and pH were 2-5 g l À1 , 35 C and pH 7.6, respectively. Strain Prop6 T could only oxidize propionate, lactate and pyruvate (weakly) with sulfate, sulfite or thiosulfate, mainly to acetate. Strain Prop6 T fermented pyruvate and lactate to acetate and propionate. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C 14 : 0 , C 16 : 0 , C 16 : 1 !7, C 16 : 1 !5, C 17 : 1 !6 and C 18 : 1 !7. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the newly isolated strain was a member of the genus Desulfobulbus, with Desulfobulbus elongatus DSM 2908 T , Desulfobulbus propionicus DSM 2032 T and Desulfobulbus rhabdoformis DSM 8777 T as closest relatives among species with validly published names. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, it is proposed that the isolate represents a novel species, Desulfobulbus oligotrophicus sp. nov. The type strain is Prop6 T (=DSM 103420 T =JCM 31535 T).
Bacteremia caused by a recently described novel Desulfovibrio species
Journal of clinical microbiology, 1997
An obligately anaerobic, fastidious, slowly growing, spiral, gram-negative bacterium was isolated from the blood of a 75-year-old man with acute onset of pyrexia. The patient responded rapidly to appropriate antibiotic therapy. Extensive investigation failed to detect a focus for the infection. Phenotypically, the organism was consistent with Desulfovibrio species. Microscopic investigation revealed an organism with a vibrioid or spirillioid morphology with rapidly progressive motility by means of a single polar flagellum. Biochemically, the organism produced large amounts of H2S and contained desulfovirdin. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the organism was found to be most similar to those of members of the genus Desulfovibrio, with identical sequence homology to the newly proposed species described by Tee et al. (W. Tee, M. Dyall-Smith, W. Woods, and D. Eisen, J. Clin. Microbiol. 34:1760-1764, 1996). This is a second unrelated isolation of this novel species from two widely different...
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2006
Several strains of sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from marine sediments recovered near Tunis, Korbous and Bizerte, Tunisia. They all showed characteristics consistent with members of the genus Desulfovibrio. One of these strains, designated MB3 T , was characterized further. Cells of strain MB3 T were slender, curved, vibrio-shaped, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rods. They were positive for desulfoviridin as bisulfite reductase. Strain MB3 T grew at temperatures of 15-45 6C (optimum 40 6C) and at pH 6?0-8?1 (optimum pH 7?0). NaCl was required for growth (optimum 20 g NaCl l "1 ). Strain MB3 T utilized H 2 in the presence of acetate with sulfate as electron acceptor. It also utilized lactate, ethanol, pyruvate, malate, fumarate, succinate, butanol and propanol as electron donors. Lactate was oxidized incompletely to acetate. Strain MB3 T fermented pyruvate and fumarate (poorly). Electron acceptors utilized included sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and fumarate, but not nitrate or nitrite. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 51 mol%. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain MB3 T (=DSM 18034 T =NCIMB 14199 T ) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species, Desulfovibrio bizertensis sp. nov.
2006
Desulfitobacterium spp. are strictly anaerobic bacteria that were first isolated from environments contaminated by halogenated organic compounds. They are very versatile microorganisms that can use a wide variety of electron acceptors, such as nitrate, sulfite, metals, humic acids, and man-made or naturally occurring halogenated organic compounds. Most of the Desulfitobacterium strains can dehalogenate halogenated organic compounds by mechanisms of reductive dehalogenation, although the substrate spectrum of halogenated organic compounds varies substantially from one strain to another, even with strains belonging to the same species. A number of reductive dehalogenases and their corresponding gene loci have been isolated from these strains. Some of these loci are flanked by transposition sequences, suggesting that they can be transmitted by horizontal transfer via a catabolic transposon. Desulfitobacterium spp. can use H 2 as electron donor below the threshold concentration that would allow sulfate reduction and methanogenesis. Furthermore, there is some evidence that syntrophic relationships occur between Desulfitobacterium spp. and sulfate-reducing bacteria, from which the Desulfitobacterium cells acquire their electrons by interspecies hydrogen transfer, and it is believed that this relationship also occurs in a methanogenic consortium. Because of their versatility, desulfitobacteria can be excellent candidates for the development of anaerobic bioremediation processes. The release of the complete genome of Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain Y51 and information from the partial genome sequence of D. hafniense strain DCB-2 will certainly help in predicting how desulfitobacteria interact with their environments and other microorganisms, and the mechanisms of actions related to reductive dehalogenation. FEMS Microbiol Rev 30 (2006) 706-733 c
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2013
A novel anaerobic, chemo-organotrophic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain Olac 40 T , was isolated from a Tunisian wastewater digestor. Cells were curved, motile rods or vibrios (5.0-7.0¾0.5 mm). Strain Olac 40 T grew at temperatures between 15 and 50 6C (optimum 40 6C), and between pH 5.0 and 9.0 (optimum pH 7.1). It did not require NaCl for growth but tolerated it up to 50 g l "1 (optimum 2 g l "1 ). In the presence of sulfate or thiosulfate, strain Olac 40 T used lactate, pyruvate and formate as energy sources. Growth was observed on H 2 only in the presence of acetate as carbon source. In the presence of sulfate or thiosulfate, the end products of lactate oxidation were acetate, sulfide and CO 2 . Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite were used as terminal electron acceptors, but not elemental sulfur, nitrate or nitrite. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Olac 40 T was 70 mol%. The profile of polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid and four phospholipids. The main fatty acids were C 16 : 0 , anteiso-C 15 : 0 and iso-C 15 : 0 . Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain Olac 40 T was affiliated with the family Desulfovibrionaceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, strain Olac 40 T is proposed to be assigned to a novel species of the genus Desulfocurvus, for which the name Desulfocurvus thunnarius is proposed. The type strain is Olac 40 T (5DSM 26129 T 5JCM 18546 T ).