Corrigendum to “Reference Values of Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy People from an Urban and Rural Argentinean Population” (original) (raw)
Related papers
Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiology, 2019
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor detecting arterial stiffness, correlated to age, among other variables. Objective: Analyze age (i) and PWV correlation on individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study on a representative population of a community in Salvador-Bahia-Brazil. The data were obtained from a simple random sample, including 301 individuals, over 12 census sectors. 95 individuals of both sexes were initially assessed, from November 2016 to February 2018. Home visits were carried out to fi ll out individual and home records and to schedule examinations, including PWV measurement, in an outpatient clinic. The carotid-femoral PWV was measured as the velocity between the carotid and femoral wave coupled to the electrocardiogram, considering the beat-to-beat pulse wave base, adjusted for a .8 ratio. Femoral carotid length is measured in millimeters. An AT Cor SphygmoCor applanation tonometer was used. Central and dispersion trend measures were analyzed and stratifi ed by sex, age and PWV. Frequency and descriptive measures, Spearman's linear correlation coeffi cient between PWV and age and Prevalence Ratio per sex were obtained with the respective confi dence intervals, estimated as a function of the Odds Ratio. STATA v.12 software was used. The level of statistical signifi cance was 5%. The standards of the human research ethics board were observed. Results: There was a prevalence of women (65.3%); mean PWV was higher among men (9.5±2.5) compared to women (8.9±2.5); 68.7% of women and 31.3% of men presented normal PWV values. Statistically signifi cant trends (ES) of PWV mean gradient increase over age groups (p = 0.000) were found. There are no changes in the mean value of PWV among participants that are less than 30 years old. The prevalence of adjusted abnormal PWV was 29.5%, 36.4% among males and 25.8% among females. The chance of women, when compared to men, to present PWV abnormality was 1.64 times (95% CI: 0.66-4.07). There was a positive and statistically signifi cant moderate correlation between adjusted PWV values and age (r=0.54, p=0.0000). The correlation was moderate and statistically signifi cant among women (r=0.63, p=0.0000), weak positive and statistically signifi cant among men (r=0.41, p=0.0167). Conclusion: The correlation between PWV and age progression in both sexes was verifi ed, with higher correlations found for women.
AGE, 2013
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular (CV) risk. Higher PWV values have been observed in Africans; however, there are no established age-and gender-adjusted reference values for this population. Therefore, PWV was measured using a validated device (Complior SP) in 544 subjects recruited from an occupational cohort of employees of a public university in Angola. Since high blood pressure (BP) is an important factor influencing PWV, a subsample of 301 normotensive subjects (aged 22-72 years) was selected for this study. A subset of 131 individuals without CV risk factors was considered the healthy group (HG), while the entire group (n = 301) comprised the less healthy group (LHG). Predictors of PWV were evaluated using multiple regression analyses and age-and gender-specific percentile tables and curves were constructed. Age and PWV means were 36±9.7 years and 6.6±1.0 m/s in the HG, respectively, and 39.9±10.2 years and 7.3± 1.3 m/s in the LHG. Age and plasma uric acid (UA) were the only significant PWV predictors in the HG, while age, mean BP (MBP), and gender showed significant prediction of PWV in the multiple regression analysis in the LHG. Age-and gender-adjusted reference values of PWV were provided for healthy and less healthy normotensive Africans. Considering the small sample size of our cohort, these preliminary results should be used cautiously until data on robust sample of the general population can be obtained.
International Journal of Hypertension, 2014
Arterial stiffness increases with age. This process is accelerated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) increases with arterial stiffness. In this study, PWV of 133 healthy individuals (6 -23 y of age) and 11 patients on dialysis was measured to establish the normal values of PWV and to compare them with those in ESRD. Age-matched (A-C) and height-and weight-matched (H/W-C) control groups were used. Thereafter, PWV was indexed to height and the data were reevaluated. The role of the risk factors including serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the time on dialysis was analyzed using a score system. PWV correlated with age, weight, height, blood pressure, and heart rate. ESRD patients were smaller than A-C and older than H/W-C. PWV of patients with ESRD did not differ from A-C; however, it was elevated in comparison to H/W-C. In both healthy and ESRD patients, the PWV/height ratio was independent of age. PWV/height was increased in ESRD. There was a correlation between PWV/height and the risk factor score. Controls matched for height and weight or PWV/height should be used in cases of growth failure. A number of risk factors responsible for increased arterial stiffness are present in ESRD. C ardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) (1). The causes are multifactorial, and include alterations of calciumphosphate homeostasis and lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation, systemic hypertension, and chronic anemia, leading together to accelerated arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and left ventricular hypertrophy (2-5). One consequence of changes in the arterial wall composition in uremia is an increase in arterial wall stiffness. Valuable information on arterial properties such as stiffness can be obtained from noninvasive measurement of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) (6,7). Accelerated arteriosclerosis was recently described in young adults with ESRD (8,; data on PWV in uremic children is sparse (10).
2010
Aims Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a direct measure of aortic stiffness, has become increasingly important for total cardiovascular (CV) risk estimation. Its application as a routine tool for clinical patient evaluation has been hampered by the absence of reference values. The aim of the present study is to establish reference and normal values for PWV based on a large European population. Methods and results We gathered data from 16 867 subjects and patients from 13 different centres across eight European countries, in which PWV and basic clinical parameters were measured. Of these, 11 092 individuals were free from overt CV disease, non-diabetic and untreated by either anti-hypertensive or lipid-lowering drugs and constituted the reference value population, of which the subset with optimal/normal blood pressures (BPs) (n ¼ 1455) is the normal value population. Prior to data pooling, PWV values were converted to a common standard using established conversion formulae. Subjects were categorized by age decade and further subdivided according to BP categories. Pulse wave velocity increased with age and BP category; the increase with age being more pronounced for higher BP categories and the increase with BP being more important for older subjects. The distribution of PWV with age and BP category is described and reference values for PWV are established. Normal values are proposed based on the PWV values observed in the non-hypertensive subpopulation who had no additional CV risk factors. Conclusion The present study is the first to establish reference and normal values for PWV, combining a sizeable European population after standardizing results for different methods of PWV measurement.
Pulse wave velocity reference values in healthy adults aged 26–75 years
2007
The stiffening of arteries is associated with various cardiovascular diseases. Arterial stiffening can be studied utilizing arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV), but the absence of reliable reference values for PWV has limited its use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to establish a range of reference values for PWV. PWV was examined by measuring the time difference of systolic pulse waves in arteries from the aortic arch to the popliteal artery using whole-body impedance cardiography (ICG). The study population consisted of 799 individuals (age range 25-76 years), 283 of whom had no evidence of cardiovascular disease, and a low burden of risk factors was selected to represent an apparently healthy population. In healthy study population, PWV was higher in males (8AE9 ± 1AE8 m s )1 ) than females (8AE1 ± 2AE0 m s )1 , P<0AE001). Young males had lower PWV values than old males. Correspondingly, young females also had lower PWV values than old females. PWV was clearly associated with age, and PWV was higher in young and middle-aged males than in females. There was no statistically significant difference between old males and females in PWV. In conclusion, whole-body ICG provides a practical method for PWV measurement. Reference values can be useful in the clinical management of patients, especially in detecting early vascular disease or an increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
Archives of Medical Science – Atherosclerotic Diseases, 2018
IntroductionAssociations found between pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cardiovascular risk factors (CVrF) are diverse. We aimed to evaluate whether differences in PWV and its associations with CVrF in a high cardiovascular risk population exist between genders and between the whole population (WHgr) and groups of apparently healthy (AHgr) and those of hypertensive, obese or diabetics (Rgr).Material and methodsPulse wave velocity measured by Arteriograph was investigated in 805 adults aged 20–65, randomly selected from the Tallinn Population Register.ResultsPulse wave velocity was the highest in Rgr and no differences were found between genders of the same group. In women of WHgr and AHgr age and SBP with addition of BMI and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were associated with 54% and 48%, and without ApoB in Rgr with only 30% of PWV values. In men aged ≥ 50 of WHgr with elevated SBP odds ratios for increased PWV were 25.3 and 3.5, in Rgr 21.2 and 2.2, in those aged ≥ 50 AHgr 28.4. In women ag...
Reference Values of Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Children and Teenagers
Hypertension, 2010
Arterial stiffness increases with age. This process is accelerated by end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) increases with arterial stiffness. In this study, PWV of 133 healthy individuals (6 -23 y of age) and 11 patients on dialysis was measured to establish the normal values of PWV and to compare them with those in ESRD. Age-matched (A-C) and height-and weight-matched (H/W-C) control groups were used. Thereafter, PWV was indexed to height and the data were reevaluated. The role of the risk factors including serum calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the time on dialysis was analyzed using a score system. PWV correlated with age, weight, height, blood pressure, and heart rate. ESRD patients were smaller than A-C and older than H/W-C. PWV of patients with ESRD did not differ from A-C; however, it was elevated in comparison to H/W-C. In both healthy and ESRD patients, the PWV/height ratio was independent of age. PWV/height was increased in ESRD. There was a correlation between PWV/height and the risk factor score. Controls matched for height and weight or PWV/height should be used in cases of growth failure. A number of risk factors responsible for increased arterial stiffness are present in ESRD. C ardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) (1). The causes are multifactorial, and include alterations of calciumphosphate homeostasis and lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation, systemic hypertension, and chronic anemia, leading together to accelerated arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, and left ventricular hypertrophy (2-5). One consequence of changes in the arterial wall composition in uremia is an increase in arterial wall stiffness. Valuable information on arterial properties such as stiffness can be obtained from noninvasive measurement of the pulse wave velocity (PWV) (6,7). Accelerated arteriosclerosis was recently described in young adults with ESRD (8,; data on PWV in uremic children is sparse (10).
Journal of Hypertension, 2010
Background Hypertension guidelines underline the importance of quantification of total cardiovascular risk; an extensive evaluation of target organ damage (TOD) may increase the number of patients classified at high-added cardiovascular risk. Objective To assess the effect of the evaluation of different forms of TOD, in addition to 'routine' workup, on cardiovascular risk stratification in a general population sample in Northern Italy. Methods In 385 patients (age 57 W 10 years, 44% men, 64% hypertensives, 32% treated), left ventricular and carotid artery structure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured. All patients underwent laboratory examinations. Patients were divided into risk categories according to European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology guidelines before and after TOD evaluation. Results After routine workup, patients were classified as follows: 6% at average cardiovascular risk, 35% at low cardiovascular risk, 25% at moderate cardiovascular risk, 33% at high cardiovascular risk and 1% at very high cardiovascular risk. The proportion of patients at low or moderate cardiovascular risk reclassified at high cardiovascular risk were 5, 14, 30 and 14% after echocardiography, measurement of albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate, carotid ultrasound and PWV, respectively (x 2 P < 0.001 for all vs. routine). Assessment of PWV in addition to echocardiography led to an increase of the proportion of patients at high risk (from 5 to 15%, P < 0.001), as for PWV in addition to albuminuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate or both (from 14 to 31%, P < 0.01), but did not affect risk stratification in addition to carotid ultrasound (from 30 to 34%, P U NS). Conclusion Our data suggest that measurement of PWV may significantly change cardiovascular risk stratification in addition to echocardiography and to detection of albuminuria and/or of a reduction of estimated glomerular filtration rate, but not after carotid ultrasound. Our results confirm that evaluation of different forms of TOD is useful for a more accurate assessment of global cardiovascular risk.