Changes in the accumulation of α- and β-tubulin during bud development in Vitis vinifera L (original) (raw)
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Differential Expansion and Expression of α- and β-Tubulin Gene Families in Populus
Plant Physiology, 2007
Microtubule organization is intimately associated with cellulose microfibril deposition, central to plant secondary cell wall development. We have determined that a relatively large suite of eight a-TUBULIN (TUA) and 20 b-TUBULIN (TUB) genes is expressed in the woody perennial Populus. A number of features, including gene number, a:b gene representation, amino acid changes at the C terminus, and transcript abundance in wood-forming tissue, distinguish the Populus tubulin suite from that of Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the eight Populus TUAs are unusual in that they contain a C-terminal methionine, glutamic acid, or glutamine, instead of the more typical, and potentially regulatory, C-terminal tyrosine. Both C-terminal Y-type (TUA1) and M-type (TUA5) TUAs were highly expressed in wood-forming tissues and pollen, while the Y-type TUA6 and TUA8 were abundant only in pollen. Transcripts of the disproportionately expanded TUB family were present at comparatively low levels, with phylogenetically distinct classes predominating in xylem and pollen. When tension wood induction was used as a model system to examine changes in tubulin gene expression under conditions of augmented cellulose deposition, xylem-abundant TUA and TUB genes were up-regulated. Immunolocalization of TUA and TUB in xylem and phloem fibers of stems further supported the notion of heavy microtubule involvement during cellulose microfibril deposition in secondary walls. The high degree of sequence diversity, differential expansion, and differential regulation of Populus TUA and TUB families may confer flexibility in cell wall formation that is of adaptive significance to the woody perennial growth habit. 2003-35103-12906 to C.-J.T. and S.A.H., and 2005-35103-15251 to C.-J.T.). Fukazawa K (1995) Changes in the arrangement of microtubules and microfibrils in differentiating conifer tracheids during the expansion of cells. Ann Bot (Lond) 75: 305-310 Abe T, Thitamadee S, Hashimoto T (2004) Microtubule defects and cell morphogenesis in the lefty1lefty2 tubulin mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Two γ -tubulin isoforms are differentially expressed during development in Helianthus annuus
Physiologia Plantarum, 2001
The cytoskeleton is involved in major developmental events in munoblotting, with bands at 52 and 58 kDa. The larger plant cell growth and differentiation. Nucleation events play a key role in the dynamic and organization of the microtubule -tubulin (58 kDa) is present in all the sunflower tissues tested and is associated with the nucleus. The smaller -tubulin (52 (Mt) cytoskeleton. Among many proteins involved in Mt kDa), differing from the former at the carboxy-terminal end, nucleation, -tubulin has been identified as an essential com-
Differential expansion and expression of alpha- and beta-tubulin gene families in Populus
Plant physiology, 2007
Microtubule organization is intimately associated with cellulose microfibril deposition, central to plant secondary cell wall development. We have determined that a relatively large suite of eight alpha-TUBULIN (TUA) and 20 beta-TUBULIN (TUB) genes is expressed in the woody perennial Populus. A number of features, including gene number, alpha:beta gene representation, amino acid changes at the C terminus, and transcript abundance in wood-forming tissue, distinguish the Populus tubulin suite from that of Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the eight Populus TUAs are unusual in that they contain a C-terminal methionine, glutamic acid, or glutamine, instead of the more typical, and potentially regulatory, C-terminal tyrosine. Both C-terminal Y-type (TUA1) and M-type (TUA5) TUAs were highly expressed in wood-forming tissues and pollen, while the Y-type TUA6 and TUA8 were abundant only in pollen. Transcripts of the disproportionately expanded TUB family were present at comparatively low levels...
Protoplasma, 2000
The distribution of 7-tubulin throughout cell division is studied in several taxa of higher plants. 7-Tubutin is present along the whole length of microtubules (Mts) in every cell stage-specific Mt array such as the preprophase band, the preprophase-prophase perinuclear Mts, the kinetochore Mt bundles, the phragmoplast, and the telophase-interphase transition Mt arrays, y-Tubulin follows with precision the Mt pattern, being absent from any other, Mt-free, cell site. In cells treated with anti-Mt drugs, y-tubulin is present only on degrading or on reappearing Mt arrays, while it is totally absent from cells devoid of Mts. y-Tubulin is also present in tubulin paracrystals, which are formed in colchicine-treated cells. These observations support the view that in higher plants 7-tubulin may not be a microtubule-organizing-center-specific protein, but it may play a certain structural and/or functional role being related to c~-and ~3-tubulin.
Tubulin marker line of grapevine suspension cells as a tool to follow early stress responses
Journal of plant physiology, 2014
Plant microtubules (MTs), in addition to their role in cell division and cell expansion, respond to various stress signals. To understand the biological function of this early response requires non-destructive strategies for visualization in cellular models that are highly responsive to stress signals. We have therefore generated a transgenic tubulin marker line for a cell line from the grapevine Vitis rupestris that readily responds to stress factors of defense-related and abiotic stresses based on a fusion of the green fluorescent protein with Arabidopsis β-tubulin 6. By a combination of spinning-disk confocal microscopy with quantitative image analysis, we could detect early and specific responses of MTs to defense-related and abiotic stress factors in vivo. We observed that Harpin Z (HrpZ), a bacterial elicitor that can trigger programmed cell death, rapidly eliminated radial MTs, followed by a slower depletion of the cortical array. Jasmonic acid (JA), in contrast, induced bund...
Physiologia Plantarum, 1999
Cell cycle activity was studied in apical and axillary buds of growing plant material, whereas in dormant buds the accumu-Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.), apple (Malus 'M9'), lation was much lower or below detection level. It was obpedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), Scots pine (Pinus syl7es-served for all species that during dormancy induction the tris L.) and rose (Rosa corymbifera 'Laxa') during dormancy amount of beta-tubulin decreased, while during dormancy release a fast accumulation of beta-tubulin occurred. The induction and release. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that in dormant buds, cells mainly were quiescent at the G 0 /G 1 dynamics of the beta-tubulin accumulation reflected the dormancy status of tree buds of the five species studied suggesting phase, while in non-dormant buds, a significantly higher frequency of G 2 cells was found in all species. In western blots that the beta-tubulin level might be useful as a marker for the dormancy status in buds of temperate woody species. accumulation of 55 kDa beta-tubulin was found in active
Differential Expansion and Expression of a -a nd b-Tubulin Gene Families in Populus1(W)(OA
Microtubule organization is intimately associated with cellulose microfibril deposition, central to plant secondary cell wall development. We have determined that a relatively large suite of eight a-TUBULIN (TUA) and 20 b-TUBULIN (TUB) genes is expressed in the woody perennial Populus. A number of features, including gene number, a:b gene representation, amino acid changes at the C terminus, and transcript abundance in wood-forming tissue, distinguish the Populus tubulin suite from that of Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the eight Populus TUAs are unusual in that they contain a C-terminal methionine, glutamic acid, or glutamine, instead of the more typical, and potentially regulatory, C-terminal tyrosine. Both C-terminal Y-type (TUA1) and M-type (TUA5) TUAs were highly expressed in wood-forming tissues and pollen, while the Y-type TUA6 and TUA8 were abundant only in pollen. Transcripts of the disproportionately expanded TUB family were present at comparatively low levels, with phylogenetically distinct classes predominating in xylem and pollen. When tension wood induction was used as a model system to examine changes in tubulin gene expression under conditions of augmented cellulose deposition, xylem-abundant TUA and TUB genes were up-regulated. Immunolocalization of TUA and TUB in xylem and phloem fibers of stems further supported the notion of heavy microtubule involvement during cellulose microfibril deposition in secondary walls. The high degree of sequence diversity, differential expansion, and differential regulation of Populus TUA and TUB families may confer flexibility in cell wall formation that is of adaptive significance to the woody perennial growth habit. 2003-35103-12906 to C.-J.T. and S.A.H., and 2005-35103-15251 to C.-J.T.).