Clonal Lineages and Virulence Factors among Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Southwest of Iran (original) (raw)
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Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens that causes serious health care associated complications in critically ill patients. In the current study we report on the diversity of the clinical multi-drug resistant (MDR) A. baumannii in Kuwait by molecular characterization. One hundred A. baumannii were isolated from one of the largest governmental hospitals in Kuwait. Following the identification of the isolates by molecular methods, the amplified bla OXA-51-like gene product of one isolate (KO-12) recovered from blood showed the insertion of the ISAba19 at position 379 in bla OXA-78. Of the 33 MDR isolates, 28 (85%) contained bla OXA-23, 2 (6%) bla OXA-24 and 6 (18%) bla PER-1 gene. We did not detect bla OXA-58, bla VIM, bla IMP, bla GES, bla VEB, and bla NDM genes in any of the tested isolates. In three bla PER-1 positive isolates the genetic environment of bla PER-1 consisted of two copies of ISPa12 (tnpiA1) surrounding the bla PER-1 gene on a hig...
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic nosocomiala multidrug resistance( MDR) pathogen, so arising largely infections by this bacteria specially in immuno-compromised patients and ability to survive in hospital environments and it became important human pathogen so , virulence factor and antibiotic resistance are playing important role in infections but few studies in Iraq about this bacteria there for present study aimed to study the virulence factors among Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from Hospitalized patients among hospitals in Baghdad city and evaluate the antibiotics resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolate. Thirty-nine isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated during period March to October 2015 from various clinical source from laboratories of bacteriology in different hospitals of Baghdad city then diagnosis and identification by classical methods and vitek 2system, and study virulence factors as form Biofilm; Capsule formation; Pellicle assay; hemolysin production and various enzymes so evaluated the antimicrobial resistance for twelve different antibiotics. Acinetobacter baumannii was more isolated from Wound and Burn swab(38.5%) so (28.2%) isolated from both Urine and sputum , whilst (5.1%) form blood, and high percentage of Acinetobacter baumannii (43.5%) in age group(40-60) years, whilst only (2.5%) in age less than 20 years, as well as high percentage (59.4%) founded in males, Also biochemical test were positive for catalase and citrate, while negative for each of Oxidase, indole , Urease , Lactose fermentation , motility and hemolysin , also all isolate were positive for gelatinase and 21 isolate positive for Protease whilst 29 isolate positive for both Lipase and Capsule as well as 18 isolate positive for Lecithinase and 38, 33 isolate positive for heamolysin production and Pellicle assay respectively . so 32 of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were positive for biofilm formation, also current study appearance all Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were found resistant to ampicillin, Cefoxitin and tetracycline (100%), whilst low resistance to Imipenem and Piperacillin 58.9, 15.4% respectively. High percentage of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn swab, whilst low percentage from blood so high percentage isolated from age group (40-60) years and frommales patients more isolate compared to females .as well as Acinetobacter baumannii isolates have multiple virulence factors that apparent all Acinetobacter baumannii isolates have gelatinase activity whilst varied result other factors, and highest resistance of isolates to Ampicillin, Cefoxitin and Tetracycline.
2015
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Annals of King Edward Medical University, 2016
Purpose: To determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from ICU's of tertiary care hospital in Karachi. Study Design: A case control study. Methods: Three hundred and fifteen clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii collected from different ICUs were evaluated during 1 year period. The isolates were identified by morphology, growth and biochemical characteristics, susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial agents in disc diffusion assay and molecular characterization by PCR using glt A and gyr B genes. Results: 94% of Acinetobacter spp were detected as
Journal of medical microbiology, 2015
This study determined the mechanisms and patterns of antimicrobial resistance among the isolates obtained from different wards of a teaching hospital in the city of Mashhad in northeast-Iran. Between January 2012 and the end of June 2012, 36 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) were collected from different wards of Ghaem Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and epsilometer-testing (E-test) were performed. The genetic resistance determinants of A, B and D classes of β-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs), efflux pumps and ISAba1 elements were assessed by PCR. REP-PCR was performed to find the genetic relatedness of the isolates. Colistin was the most effective antibiotic of those tested, where all isolates were susceptible. E-test results revealed high rates of resistance to imipenem, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin. The majority of isolates (97%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). OXA-51, OXA-23 and tetB genes were detected in all isolates, but OXA...
Iranian journal of microbiology, 2013
Acinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic non-motile Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is resistant to most antibiotics. Carbapenems are the most common antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen. Mechanisms of antibiotic-resistance in A. baumannii are mainly mediated by efflux pumps-lactamases. The aim of this study was to determine antibiotic susceptibility, the possibility of existence of OXAs genes and fingerprinting by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) among clinical isolates of Acinetobacter collected from Kermanshah hospitals. Materials and Methods: One hundred and four isolates were collected from patients attending Imam Reza, Taleghani and Imam Khomeini hospitals of Kermanshah (Iran). Isolates were identified by biochemical tests and API 20NE kit. The susceptibility to different antibiotics was assessed with Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. PCR was performed for detection of bla OXA-23 , bla OXA-24 , bla OXA-51 and bla OXA-58 beta-lactamase genes. Clonal relatedness was estimated by PFGE (with the restriction enzyme Apa I) and DNA patterns were analyzed by Gel compare II 6.5 software. Results: All isolates showed high-level of resistance to imipenem, meropenem as well as to other antimicrobial agents, while no resistance to polymyxin B, colistin, tigecylcine and minocycline was observed. The bla OXA-23like and bla OXA-24 like were found among 77.9% and 19.2% of the isolates, respectively. All isolates were positive for bla OXA-51, but none produced any amplicon for bla . PFGE genotype analysis suggested the existence of eight clones among the 104 strains [A (n = 35), B (n = 29), C (n = 19), D (n = 10), E (n = 4), F (n = 3), G (n = 3), H (n = 1)]. Clone A was the dominant clone in hospital settings particularly infection wards so that the isolates in this group, compared to the other clones, showed higher levels of resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion: The bla OXA-51-like and bla OXA-23like were the predominant mechanisms of resistance to imipenem in A. baumannii. A high prevalence of clone A, B and C in different parts of the healthcare system showed that hospitalized patients should be safeguarded to prevent the spread of these clones. Early recognition of the presence of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii clones is useful for preventing their spread within the hospital environment.
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2014
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii are responsible for an increasing number of opportunistic infections in hospitals. This study determined the prevalence of MDR A. baumannii isolates from intensive care units in a large tertiary-care hospital in Ismailia, Egypt, and the occurrence of different beta-lactamases in these isolates. Biotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility profile was done for isolated strains. Respiratory, urine, burn wound and blood specimens were collected from 350 patients admitted to different units; 10 strains (2.9%) of A. baumannii were isolated. All isolates showed resistance to more than 3 classes of antibiotics. Among the isolates, 6 isolates were carbapenemase producers, 2 were AmpC beta-lactamase producers and no isolates were metallo-betalactamase producers. Despite the low prevalence of A. baumannii infection in this hospital, the antibiotic resistance profile suggests that prevention of health-care-associated transmission of MDR Acinetobacter spp. infection is essential.
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2020
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Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanità, 2007
We investigated an outbreak of Acinetobacter baumannii in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital in Rome, Italy. The outbreak involved 14 patients whose isolates were most frequently recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage. All isolates were multidrug-resistant and showed diminished susceptibility or resistance to carbapenems. A. baumannii strains with a similar antibiotic susceptibility pattern were isolated from the environment. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis identified a single clone from both the patients' and environmental isolates. Because of the lack of a single source of infection, the eradication of the epidemic required a broad approach, including contact isolation and cohorting, aggressive environmental disinfection, and close monitoring of the ward staff's performance. Infected patients were successfully treated with combined therapy. Although considered of low virulence, A. baumannii can be particularly aggressive and difficult to treat in ICU patients.