Fermi-level pinning at polycrystalline silicon-HfO 2 interface as a source of drain and gate current 1/f noise (original) (raw)

Fermi-level pinning at polycrystalline silicon-HfO[sub 2] interface as a source of drain and gate current 1∕f noise

Applied Physics Letters, 2007

The impact of a submonolayer of HfO 2 sandwiched between the SiON gate dielectric and the polycrystalline silicon layer on the low frequency noise of a n-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor is investigated. Fermi-level pinning at polycrystalline silicon-HfO 2 interface acts as a dramatic source of the drain noise due to charge carrier number fluctuations, and of the gate noise due to work function fluctuations. These 1 / f noise measurements are a strong indicator that the defects at the top HfO 2 /polycrystalline silicon interface, rather than bulk defects in the high-k layer, are responsible for the noise degradation observed in HfO 2 gate dielectrics.

On the Impact of Defects Close to the Gate Electrode on the Low-Frequency hbox1/f\hbox{1}/fhbox1/f Noise

IEEE Electron Device Letters, 2008

This letter studies the impact of defects close to the gate electrode side on low-frequency 1/f noise in the drain and gate current. Defects are selectively introduced by deposition of a submonolayer of HfO 2 dielectric, which induce a large Fermi-level pinning on the gate. Contrary to the common belief that defects at the Si/SiO2 interface are the dominant effect on 1/f noise, defects at the interface and fluctuations in the poly-Si charge are also important.

On the Impact of Defects Close to the Gate Electrode on the Low-Frequency {1}/f Noise

IEEE Electron Device Letters, 2008

This letter studies the impact of defects close to the gate electrode side on low-frequency 1/f noise in the drain and gate current. Defects are selectively introduced by deposition of a submonolayer of HfO 2 dielectric, which induce a large Fermi-level pinning on the gate. Contrary to the common belief that defects at the Si/SiO2 interface are the dominant effect on 1/f noise, defects at the interface and fluctuations in the poly-Si charge are also important. Index Terms-Fermi-level pinning, high-k gate dielectrics, 1/f noise.

Low frequency noise in nMOSFETs with subnanometer EOT hafnium-based gate dielectrics

Microelectronics Reliability, 2007

This paper focuses on the noise behavior of nMOSFETs with high-k gate dielectrics (SiON/HfO 2 ) with an equivalent oxide thickness of 0.92 nm and using metal (TiN/TaN) as gate material. From the linear dependence of the normalized drain noise on the gate voltage overdrive we conclude that the 1/f noise is dictated by mobility fluctuations. This behavior is mainly ascribed to the reduced mobility due to the low interfacial thickness of 0.4 nm and the Hf-related defects. The gate current is more sensitive to RTS noise with respect to the drain current noise. Cross-correlation measurements between drain and gate noise are used as a tool for discriminating between noise mechanisms which generate different fluctuation levels at the gate and drain terminal.

Comparative study of drain and gate low-frequency noise in nMOSFETs with hafnium-based gate dielectrics

IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2006

In this paper, complementary measurements of the drain and the gate low-frequency noise are used as a powerful probe for sensing the hafnium-related defects in nMOSFETs with high-k gate stacks and polysilicon gate electrode. Drain noise measurements indicate that for low hafnium content (23%) and thin high-k thickness (2 nm), the defect density at the substrate/dielectrics interface is similar to the case of conventional SiO 2 . Gate-noise measurements suggest that the defect density in the bulk of the high-k gate stacks and at the gate/dielectrics interface is strongly degraded by the hafnium content.

Low-Frequency (1∕f) Noise Performance of n- and p-MOSFETs with Poly-Si∕Hf-Based Gate Dielectrics

Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2006

The low-frequency ͑LF͒ noise performance of n-and p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors ͑MOSFETs͒ with different Hf-based gate oxides, deposited by metallorganic chemical vapor deposition ͑MOCVD͒ on the same interfacial oxide layer and using polysilicon ͑poly-Si͒ as a gate material has been investigated. Independent of the gate oxide, the LF noise spectra of n-and p-MOSFETs are predominantly of the 1/f ␥ type, with the frequency exponent ␥ close to 1. For nMOSFETs, the noise spectral density of HfO 2 devices is two orders of magnitude higher than for SiON or Hf x Si 1−x ON ͑silicates͒, where 0 Ͻ x Ͻ 100%, most likely due to trapping by defects in the high-k layer. For the silicates with different x, no significant differences are noticed for n-and p-MOSFETs. It is shown that the noise characteristics behave as can be expected for a number fluctuations mechanism. The extracted volume and surface trap densities are significantly higher for pure HfO 2 than for the Hf x Si 1−x ON devices. In the latter case, trap densities comparable with the values for the SiON reference transistors are obtained. Hooge's parameter ␣ H , as an alternative figure of merit, shows that the devices with MOCVD HfO 2 gate dielectric have the noisiest performance, while Hf x Si 1−x ON MOSFETs yield the lowest ␣ H , even better than for SiON.

The Role of the Interfaces in the 1/f Noise of MOSFETs with High-k Gate Stacks

ECS Transactions, 2009

This paper focuses on the impact of the gate and substrate interfaces on the 1/f noise of the drain and the gate current of MOSFETs with high-k gate stacks. Three case studies are critically discussed to highlight the key role played by both interfaces in the 1/f noise. First, we show how a sub-monolayer of HfO 2 sandwiched between SiON gate dielectric and poly-Si gate significantly increases the 1/f noise. The second case study indicates that a LaO cap on top of HfSiON significantly decreases the 1/f noise. The third experiment shows that the 1/f noise can be reduced by increasing the thickness of a SiO 2 interfacial layer sandwiched between the substrate interface and the HfO 2 layer.

Low-Frequency Noise in Submicrometer MOSFETs With HfO<tex>$_2$</tex>, HfO<tex>$_2/hbox Al_2hbox O_3$</tex>and HfAlO<tex>$_x$</tex>Gate Stacks

IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, 2004

Low-frequency noise measurements were performed on p-and n-channel MOSFETs with HfO 2 , HfAlO and HfO 2 Al 2 O 3 as the gate dielectric materials. The gate length varied from 0.135 to 0.36 m with 10.02 m gate width. The equivalent oxide thicknesses were: HfO 2 23 A, HfAlO 28.5 A and HfO 2 Al 2 O 3 33 A. In addition to the core structures with only about 10 A of oxide between the high-dielectric and silicon substrate, there were "double-gate oxide" structures where an interfacial oxide layer of 40 A was grown between the highdielectric and Si. DC analysis showed low gate leakage currents in the order of 10 12 A(2 5 10 5 A cm 2 ) for the devices and, in general, yielded higher threshold voltages and lower mobility values when compared to the corresponding SiO 2 devices. The unified number-mobility fluctuation model was used to account for the observed 1/f noise and to extract the oxide trap density, which ranged from 1 8 10 17 cm 3 eV 1 to somewhat higher compared to conventional SiO 2 MOSFETs with the similar device dimensions. There was no evidence of single electron switching events or random telegraph signals. The aim of this paper is to present a general discussion on low-frequency noise characteristics of the three different high-/gate stacks, relative comparison among them and to the Si-SiO 2 system. Index Terms-Flicker noise, hafnium aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, high-dielectrics, low-frequency noise, MOSFET, 1/f noise.

Interfacial layer quality effects on low-frequency noise (1/< i> f) in p-MOSFETs with advanced gate stacks

2007

This paper focuses on the noise behavior of nMOSFETs with high-k gate dielectrics (SiON/HfO 2 ) with an equivalent oxide thickness of 0.92 nm and using metal (TiN/TaN) as gate material. From the linear dependence of the normalized drain noise on the gate voltage overdrive we conclude that the 1/f noise is dictated by mobility fluctuations. This behavior is mainly ascribed to the reduced mobility due to the low interfacial thickness of 0.4 nm and the Hf-related defects. The gate current is more sensitive to RTS noise with respect to the drain current noise. Cross-correlation measurements between drain and gate noise are used as a tool for discriminating between noise mechanisms which generate different fluctuation levels at the gate and drain terminal.