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Anxiety and Depression Frequency in Epileptic Patients
Bulletin of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2013
Frequency of anxiety and depression in epileptic patients Objectives: Depression and anxiety are commonly seen among epileptic patients. These comorbidities have a negative effect on achievement of effective treatment and improvement in the quality of life of epileptic patients. We aimed to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in epilepsy and in subgroups of epileptic patients and their correlation with disease duration and seizure frequency. Methods: Forty-one young male patients (13 temporal lobe epilepsy and 28 extra-temporal lobe epilepsy) and 48 young males as a healthy control group were included in the study. Each study participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Results: There were high frequencies of anxiety (26.8%) and depression (34.14%) in the epileptic patients compared with control group (p=0.003, p=0.001, respectively). Although there was no statistical significance, the temporal lobe epilepsy group had higher anxiety and depression frequencies than the extra-temporal lobe epilepsy group (p=0.280, p=0.089, respectively). There was no significant correlations between disease duration and either anxiety inventory scores or depression inventory scores. However in the temporal lobe epilepsy group, we found a correlation with a medium level of significance between seizure frequency and Beck Anxiety Inventory scores as well as Beck Depression Inventory scores (r= 0.521, p= 0.068; r= 0.615, p= 0.025). Conclusion: There were high frequencies of anxiety and depression in epileptic patients. A multidisciplinary approach and inter-disciplinary help cooperation is needed in the treatment of epilepsy. There is a need for controlled studies with larger sample sizes.
Emotional and affective disturbances in patients with epilepsy
Epilepsy & Behavior, 2002
We sought to assess whether epilepsy is associated with a higher risk of emotional reactions to frustrating stimuli, aggressive behavior, apathy, and depression, and whether these psychiatric patterns are specific to the epileptic condition. The study population consisted of referral patients 17 years and older with idiopathic or cryptogenic epilepsy (i.e., epilepsy not caused by a detectable brain lesion) without significant cognitive dysfunction. A first control was selected for each patient among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and a second among normal blood donors. Aggressiveness in response to stressful stimuli was assessed with the Picture Frustration Study (PFS). Depression was tested by the Beck Depression Inventory. The Aggressive Behavior Scale (assessing irritability and rumination) and the Apathy Scale were also used. Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI) were used as the risk measure. Statistical analysis included between-group comparisons. In patients with epilepsy, the test scores were correlated to the main demographic (age, sex, education, marital status, and occupation) and clinical features (seizure types, disease duration, seizure control, and treatments). The sample included 55 patients with epilepsy, 56 diabetics, and 59 normal individuals. Patients with epilepsy and the two control groups had similar PFS scores and similar aggressiveness. Scores were also similar for the Aggressive Behavior and Apathy Scales, with similar numbers of individuals with aggressive conduct and excess rumination. Patients with epilepsy had higher depression scores. Moderate to severe depression was present in 9 cases (diabetes, 2; blood donors, 1) (P ¼ 0:004). Relative to blood donors, the OR for moderate to severe depression (95% CI) was 2.1 (0.1-61.7) for diabetes and 11.3 (1.4-247.8) for epilepsy. No significant correlation was detectable between test scores and patient and disease characteristics. Ó
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In this study, psychogenic-nonepileptic seizure (PNES) frequency was investigated in epileptic patients; we explored the association between the disease duration, population / clinical data and the prevalence of depression fear. Method: The study included 108 patients with definitive epilepsy. Video EEG and medical records were treated for PNES in patients. Demographic features, duration of illness, seizure frequency, type of seizures, all treatments have been documented. All patients earned the Beck Depression and Anxiety Scale. Patients were divided into two groups along with epileptic (Group1) and PNES (Group2). Patients were divided into two groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 48 ± 12.31years. Fifty-six of all patients (51.8%) were female. Psychiatricnonepileptic-seizures had been shown in 41(37.9%) of 108 epileptic patients.25 of 41 patients (60.9%) were female. Of the 41 patients with non-epileptic seizures, 23(56%) were observed to have epileptic seizures under control. Depression and anxiety scores were significantly higher in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p≤0.005). Conclusion: In patients with long-term and depressed/anxiety symptoms, PNES should be challenged, particularly in the presence of various forms of seizures treatment resistance, even under control.
Depression in epilepsy: etiology, phenomenology, and treatment
Epilepsia, 1999
A history of depression or depressive symptomatology has been reported in up to two-thirds of patients with medically intractable epilepsy, whereas community studies have demonstrated affective disorder only in a quarter of these patients. Depression has been reported peri-and interictally. However, differentiation may be difficult in patients with frequent seizures. Most authors have found no correlation between depression and epilepsy variables. However, complex partial seizures, especially of temporal lobe origin, appear to be etiologic factors, particularly in men with left-sided foci. Depression is also more common in patients treated with polytherapy especially with barbiturates, phenytoin, and vigabatrin. Depression has also been described de novo after temporal lobectomy. Psychosocial factors also play a part, but underlying risk factors (e.g., genetic, endocrine and metabolic) may explain the increased rates of depression in people with epilepsy compared to those with other neurologic and chronic medical conditions. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Prof. M. M. Robertson at Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Universitv College London Medical School. 48 Riding House Street. Lon-of suicide, stressful life events, poor morale, stigma, and psychiatric disorders and . . don W I N SLA, U.K. depression, psychosis, and personality disorder (3,4). s2 1 s22
Depression and anxiety in epilepsy: the association with demographic and seizure-related variables
Annals of General Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Depression and anxiety are common psychiatric symptoms in patients with epilepsy, exerting a profound negative effect on health-related quality of life. Several issues, however, pertaining to their association with psychosocial, seizure-related and medication factors, remain controversial. Accordingly, the present study was designed to investigate the association of interictal mood disorders with various demographic and seizure-related variables in patients with newly-diagnosed and chronic epilepsy.
Peri-Ictal Changes in Depression and Anxiety in Persons With Epileptic and Non-epileptic Seizures
Frontiers in Psychiatry
ObjectiveWe tested the hypothesis that epileptic, but not non-epileptic, seizures would produce an improvement in comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms in the peri-ictal period, much like the antidepressant effects of electroconvulsive therapy.MethodsWe examined depression and anxiety symptoms in patients admitted to an inpatient unit for continuous video electroencephalography as part of routine clinical care. Patients completed three questionnaires that included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI), Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) after admission, in the 24 h following a seizure, then again 2 weeks after the last seizure.ResultsIn patients with epilepsy, depression and anxiety scores improved in the 24 hrs following a seizure (change in BDI = 24%; change in MADRS = 19%; change in BAI = 21%) but returned toward baseline after 2 weeks. In patients with non-epileptic seizures, depression and anxiety scores also improved in the ...
Incidence of depression in Epilepsy patients
Rwanda Journal, 2013
Epilepsy and depression are frequent pathologies especially in the developing countries where the level of health facilities and the standards of living are very low. Scholars have stated the relationship between epilepsy and depression but with less precision on symptoms and socio-demographic variables difference.