Forensic Dentistry in a Southern Brazilian City (original) (raw)
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Role of dental expert in forensic odontology-A review
Forensic dentistry has become an integral part of forensic science over the past 100 years that utilizes dental or oro-facial findings to serve the judicial system. This has been due to the dedication of people like Gustafson's, Keiser-Nielson, and Suzuki for this field. They established the essential role which forensic dentistry plays mainly in the identification of human remains. The tooth has been used as weapons and under certain circumstances, may leave information about the identity of the biter. Dental professionals have a major role to play in keeping accurate dental records and providing all necessary information so that legal authorities may recognize mal practice, negligence, fraud or abuse, and identity of unknown individuals. This paper will try to summarize the various roles of dental experts in forensic medicine.
The Contribution of Dentist and Dental Medical Records to Forensic Science
2016
Forensic dentistry it is the application of the art and science of dentistry which assist legal authorities through the evaluation and presentation of dental evidences in different situations, accepted by the court and the general scientific committee to resolve legal issues separating truth from untruth, contributing therefore with a scientific and objective data in legal processes. By acting into the civil, criminal and research sectors forensic dentists are playing a major role in modern criminal investigations assisting legal authorities. Natural teeth are the most durable organ of the body, constituting source of various information which should be register by the dentist on the dental records. They present what is call as dental evidence being as fingerprints, key elements in the identification and resolution of civil and criminal proceedings. By keeping accurate dental records of every patient, dentists presents as an extremely importance in the forensic team and science.
Role of Dentist in Forensic Investigations
Journal of Forensic Research, 2012
Teeth can be used as a weapon of attack or defense. Dentistry has much to offer to law enforcement agencies in the uncovering and solution of crime. The permanent teeth develop throughout the first two decades of life, and physiologic variations, pathologies, and effects of dental therapy may be recorded in the hard tissues of the remaining dentition throughout life and beyond. It is the role of the dentist to help extract this information and use it in the identification of the unknown body. Human teeth and dental restorations have proven to remain stable during a long time as well as in extreme situations such as fire. Therefore, dentist can play an important part in the identification of severe mutilated bodies of unknown persons. The teeth may also be used as weapon and, under certain circumstances may leave information as to the identity of the biter. Analysis of bite marks is the second major responsibility of the forensic dentist. The general practitioner has a major role to play in providing the accurate dental records on which much of forensic activity is based.
Role of dental expert in forensic odontology
National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 2014
Forensic odontology (dentistry) is a new and growing section of forensic medicine. The journey of forensic dentistry starts from Agrippina, the mother of Roman Emperor Nero, in 49 A.D. when she recognized her rival Lollia-Paulina's discolored front teeth after her assassination. [1] Forensic odontology or forensic dentistry was defined by Keiser-Nielson in 1970 as "that branch of forensic medicine which in the interest of justice deals with the proper handling and examination of dental evidence and with the proper evaluation and presentation of the dental findings." Forensic science refers to areas of endeavor that can be used in a judicial setting and accepted by the court and the general scientific committee to separate truth from untruth. [2] Human identity is the mainstay of civilization, and the identification of unknown individuals always has been of paramount importance to the society. Not only is it important to identify the deceased to ensure appropriate obsequies, but also there are issues such as criminal investigations, insurance settlements, and military proceedings that can be resolved only with a positive identification. The identification of a missing individual can aid tremendously in the process of grief resolution of the family and friends. Overall, in worldwide scenario; forensic dentists are playing an important role in human identification, bite mark analysis, maxillofacial trauma, and malpractices. Identification Dental identification assumes a primary role in the identification of remains when post-mortem changes, traumatic tissue injury, or lack of a fingerprint record invalidate the use of visual or fingerprint methods. The identification of dental remains are of primary importance when the deceased person is skeletonized, decomposed, burned, or dismembered. The principal advantage of dental evidence is that, like other hard tissues, it is often preserved after death. Even the status of a person's teeth change throughout life and the combination of decayed, missing, and filled teeth is measurable and comparable to any fixed point in time. Teeth are the most durable parts in the body and can be heated to temperature of 1600°C without appreciable loss of microstructure. [3] Teeth can survive virtually intact long after other soft tissue and skeletal tissue have been destroyed by decay or incineration.
Essential Guidelines for forensic dentistry,
Teeth can be used as a weapon of attack or defence. Dentistry has much to offer to law enforcement agencies in the uncovering and solution of crime. The permanent teeth develop throughout the first two decades of life, and physiologic variations, pathologies, and effects of dental therapy may be recorded in the hard tissues of the remaining dentition throughout life and beyond. It is the role of the dentist to help extract this information and use it in the identification of the unknown body. Human teeth and dental restorations have proven to remain stable during a long time as well as in extreme situations such as fire. Therefore, dentist can play an important part in the identification of severe mutilated bodies of unknown persons. The teeth may also be used as weapon and, under certain circumstances, may leave information as to the identity of the biter. Analysis of bite marks is the second major responsibility of the forensic dentist. The general practitioner has a major role to play in providing the accurate dental records on which much of forensic activity is based.
RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia, Vol. 61, N° 3, 2013, 2013
Objective To verify the perception of prosthodontists regarding the forensic dentistry aspects of the rehabilitation treatment data stored in the dental records of their patients. Methods This is a prospective study of 222 male and female dental surgeons from the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, who specialize in dental prosthesis. The study used a questionnaire with 41 structured questions and two open questions, totaling 43 questions. After descriptive analysis, the data were compared by the Fisher's exact test. Results A total of 143 questionnaires were answered, representing 64.4% of the existing dental surgeons at the time of the study. Most respondents (86.7%), and females more so than males (p=0.046), did follow-up or maintenance of the treatments provided. The study also found that dental surgeons 50 years old or younger follow their patients regularly but as they get older, the follow-up frequency decreases (p=0.019). Conclusion The study experts have partial knowledge of the forensic dentistry aspects of the records of the rehabilitation treatments they provided. Their experience had a significant impact on their legal awareness and on the quality of the data they recorded regarding the procedures that suggest greater care.
Forensic odontology education:from undergraduate to PhD - a Brazilian experience
The Journal of forensic odonto-stomatology, 2017
Forensic Odontology is a topic present in the majority of Dental Schools in Brazil, and due to this reality, some universities develop activities related to undergraduate and graduate students, from the Dentistry course until the Ph.D. degree. To present the education experience related to Forensic Odontology at School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto (USP - University of São Paulo), showing the strategies and activities in the different degrees (Dental course, Forensic Odontology Specialization Program, Specific Professional Training, Master, and Ph.D.). To the undergraduate students, many activities are developed in order to demonstrate all the possibilities that Forensic Dentistry allow, including theoretical and practical activities; in the Forensic Odontology Specialization Program, the dentists are trained to act as Forensic Odontologists in all its amplitude; in the Specific Professional Training, some courses are available, related to specific topics as DVI, Forensic Facial Re...
Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 2009
Aim: This study investigated the use of dental arch examination as a forensic technique for body identification at the Institute of Forensic Medicine (IML, acronym in Portuguese) of Pelotas (RS), a city located in the South of Brazil. Methods: The data collected for the study referred to the period between 2004 and 2006, when a forensic dentist was part of the IML staff. The post-mortem records with regard to the entry of unidentified bodies that had under gone dental identification by the forensic dentists were analyzed quantitatively. Results: Ten unidentified bodies entered the IML and all of them were submitted to dental arch examination for body identification. However, the conclusive identification was based on the analysis of DNA, because the victims’ dental records were not accurate, complete and updated. Only five assessed bodies had been referred from Pelotas police station, two from Pedro Osorio police station, one from Capao do Leao police station, one from Arroio Grande...
Dentist’s Role and Responsible in Identification and Investigation
Indonesian Journal of Dental Medicine, 2021
Background: A dentist is responsible for promoting oral health and disease prevention to make the world a better place in terms of oral health. Besides, the dentist also plays an important role in the forensic field and law enforcement. Forensic odontology is an area of dentistry that deals with the proper management and investigation of dental evidence, which aids in identifying people and the presentation of dental evidence in the interest of justice. Purpose: This article discussed the role and responsibilities of dentists in human identification. Review: The world continues to deteriorate as time passes with much criminality and disasters that cannot be prevented. In many cases, the identification process can be done through the unique characteristics of dentition. Various information such as age, sex, and ethnicity are recorded in the tooth. Forensic dentists are responsible to manage and evaluate tooth evidence. Conclusion: Forensic odontology plays an essential role in determ...