Productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and indigenous dairy cows under smallholder farming system (original) (raw)
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Productive And Reproductive Performance Of Indigenous And Crossbred Cattle In Comilla District
Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science, 2012
This study was conducted to compare the productive and reproductive performance of indigenous and crossbred cow likely Friesian, Sahiwal and Sindhi cross. A total of 180 dairy cows were selected randomly from four upazilas of Comilla district. It was observed that mean milk yield and lactation length of indigenous, Friesian cross, Sahiwal cross and Sindhi cross were 2.35±0.04, 7.36±0.11, 4.78±0.08 and 4.03±0.05 litre/day and 218.22±8.35, 284.69±1.64, 251.77±3.66 and 259.77±4.91 days respectively. It reveals that the Friesian cross is the best performer in relation to milk production and lactation length. About the reproductive performances it shows that indigenous cows need minimum (1.81±0.048) services per conception. Gestation length was shorter in case of Sahiwal cross (277.64±1.99 days) and it varies within Friesian and Sindhi cross in a short range (278.77±1.38 to 279.31±1.00 days). Calving interval was lower in Friesian crosses (413.77±53.87 days) than its counterparts. Age at...
University Journal of Zoology, Rajshahi University, 2008
The present study was undertaken to investigate productive and reproductive performances of crossbreds and Indigenous dairy cows. A total of 400 dairy cows each are equal number of Friesian x indigenous (FI), Sahiwal x indigenous (SaI), Sindhi x indigenous (SiI) and indigenous (I) were selected from eight thanas in Jessore district. The study found that the daily milk yield from FI, SaI, SiI and I cows were 8.39 ± 2.01, 4.63 ± 0.96, 4.35 ± 1.12 and 2.38 ± 0.73 liters, respectively. The milk yield was found significantly (P<0.01) higher in first stage of lactation than that of second and third both in crossbreds and I dairy cows. The lactation period of crossbreds was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of I cows. The service per conception was found higher in I cows and the gestation length was almost similar in all the groups. The post partum heat period and calving to first service were highest in SiI cows. The dry period and calving interval were higher in I cows. The age at first calving was almost similar in crossbreds but significantly (P<0.01) higher in I cows. The birth weight was significantly (P<0.01) lower in I than crossbred dairy cows. Considering all the parameters studied, FI showed better performance followed by SaI, SiI, and I.
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2000
A comparative study on productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and indigenous cows under the small holder dairying condition was conducted in Gaibandha district of Bangladesh. A sample of 96 dairy cows were selected randomly; of which 49 were crossbred cows and the other 47 were indigenous dairy cows from 50 small dairy farms. The productive performance (milk yield and lactation period) of crossbred cows were significantly (p<0.01) higher than the indigenous dairy cows. Post partum heat period, calving to first service and dry period of the indigenous cows were lower (but not significantly) than crossbred cows. But service per conception and calving interval of indigenous cows were significantly (p<0.01) lower than the crossbred cows. The cost benefit ratio of raising crossbred and indigenous dairy cows were 1:1.13 and 1:1.02, respectively. Although, reproductive performance of crossbred cows were better than indigenous cows but considering the other traits it may be concluded that the raising of crossbred cows were more economic than the raising of indigenous dairy cows.
This study was done to investigate the productive and reproductive performances of Holstein Friesian crossbred (HF) and indigenous (IG) cows. A total 131 dairy cows of two genetic groups as IG (117 heads) and HF (14 heads) were selected randomly. The study found that the average milk yield per day of HF and IG cows were 7.64±1.74 and 1.75±0.07 liters/day, respectively. The milk yield was found significantly (p<0.01) higher in HF cows than of IG cows. The lactation period of HF was significantly (p<0.05) higher than of IG cows. Age at first calving of IG cows was significantly (p<0.01) 4 months higher than HF cows. The number of service per conception was almost similar for HF and IG cows. Higher significant difference was found in Post-partum oestrus (p<0.05), dry period (p<0.01), calving intervals (p<0.01) of IG than HF cows. The gestation length of HF and IG cows was significantly indifferent. Above biological studies mentioned better productive and reproductive performance of HF cows than IG cows.
2017
A total of 90 lactating cows from twelve dairy farms were used to conduct this study in order to evaluate the productive and reproductive performance of crossbred and local cows at farmer's level in Manikgong district. All cows were divided into three groups, according to their genetic composition as Local, Local x Friesian and Local x Friesian x Friesian cows. The results showed late sexual maturity (37.41±0.03 months), calving interval (481.86±0.33 days), shortest lactation period (198.46±2.36 days) and lowest average milk production (2.25±0.04 L/day) in local cows. On the contrary, longest lactation period (266.43±1.18 days) and highest average milk production (7.45±0.11 L/day) were observed in LFF cows, whereas early sexual maturity (30.58±0.02 months) was found in Local x Friesian cows. From the above perspective it could be concluded that LFF crossbred cows may be suitable for profitable dairy farming in Bangladesh but herd life and life time productivity is one of the most influential factor for profitable dairy farming. However, further study with larger sample sizes covering more different management systems would be required to describe a better inference in this consideration.
Ethiopian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2016
The present study was undertaken to investigate productive and reproductive performances of F1 crossbred cows to produce and develop improved dairy cattle breed at on station and back up the on farm crossbreeding program at Holetta Research Center (HRC). One hundred fifty three F1 crossbred heifers were used to study growth performances and 111 worldwide sire (WWS) and 42 Kality (NAIC) sire records were used to analyze the data. A total of 802 milk records out of which 711 from worldwide sire (WWS) milk records and 91 from Kality (NAIC) bulls’ milk records were used to analyze the milk production performances. Least squares means of growth traits in this study birth weight (BWT), average daily gain (ADG) of crossbred heifers was 24.83 ± 2.33 kg and ADG ranges from 0.437 ± 0.01 to 0.546 ± 0.02 kg respectively. Least squares mean for age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), and number of service per conception (SPC) were 26.4±0.8 months, 35.7±o.81...
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
Smallholder mixed crop livestock systems continue to be a dominant agricultural production system in many developing countries, including India. Dairy farming is part and parcel of many such systems, and it is often seen as an important livelihood option to increase household income and to therefore contribute to poverty alleviation in rural areas. As a result, substantial efforts in agricultural R&D have been directed towards design of new technologies for smallholder dairy farming. Variable success in technology transfer has clearly shown that adoption is context-specific, related to the physical and socioeconomic environment, access of farmers to resources, access to information and personal attitudes. A series of concepts and methods were developed to incorporate these considerations, and to replace narrow technology-driven approaches by broader ones such as Farming Systems Research (FSR). This thesis describes and analyses experiences of BAIF, an Indian NGO, with the use of FSR methodology in livestock development programmes in Gujarat, India. The objectives were to identify criteria and methodologies for selection of appropriate livestock technologies for farm level, and to identify differences in the methods of selection of appropriate technology. Section 1 describes the variation in livestock production systems in India in general and in Gujarat-state. Livestock comprises defined and undefined breeds of cattle and buffalo. Total livestock population increased annually by over 1% in the last four decades, with buffalo and goat populations increasing faster than cattle. This section also gives background to the BAIF organization and to FSR methodologies. Section 2 more specifically describes the Gujarat research area with agro-ecological zone-wise information on animal breeds, herd composition, feed resources, crops, and trends in seasonal availability of feed as derived from transects, Participatory Rural Appraisals, and mapping. Constraint analysis and modelling indicated limited genetic potential of the local breeds and shortage of feed resources, both quantitatively and qualitatively, as major constraints for livestock development. Crossbreeding for breed improvement and use of (improved) local feed resources were identified as suitable technologies to alleviate these constraints. Ex-post performance monitoring of some BAIF crossbreeding programmes show that crossbred cattle fitted well in the smallholder mixed farming systems of both tribal and nontribal farmers in all three selected agro-ecological zones (Section 3). Milk production of crossbreds was substantially higher, as was livestock gross margin and household income. Although quality of the roughages is a major limiting factor, farmers owning crossbreds tried to adjust to the needs of the cows by feeding concentrates. There was no difference in workload and labour division between households with and without crossbreds. Crossbreeding thus proved a techno-economically and socially viable livelihood option for both mixed and landless farming systems in Gujarat. Various modelling approaches were used in Section 4 to explore, ex ante, the suitability of feeding technologies such as urea supplementation, use of local and commercial concentrates, urea-treated straw with concentrates, and leuceana tree leaves for crop-livestock systems in Gujarat, India. Major conclusions were that (i) concentrate feeding is beneficial to farmers with market access and crossbred cows, (ii) crossbreeding interventions are more remunerative for landless and tribal farmers than for non-tribal farmers; feeding interventions are more effective for crossbreds than for local cows, (iii) maximum farm income is achieved at medium milk yields per animal; higher milk yields require use of better feeds, which renders the straws of the grains useless for feeding; at farm level, the (economically) optimum cropping pattern would then shift from grain crops to cotton. This section continues with a narrative on BAIF's experiences with field testing of technologies at animal, at herd, at farm and watershed level, including a shift to crop research when dictated by local needs. Over a period of roughly 30 years, three phases in on-field testing can be distinguished, i.e., starting with a period of predominantly top-down approaches, moving to a phase with emphasis on participatory identification and testing of technologies, and then into a phase with work at community and watershed level. A few cases are discussed for each phase, illustrating the processes, methods and types of technologies involved, and drawing lessons on field experimentation for livestock and rural development in general. The studies brought out, among others, that adoption of technologies is facilitated when these use local (feed) resources, that are readily available, requires only small changes in farm practices, are relatively simple to implement, and yield tangible results in the short term. Section 5 analyses the dynamics in methods and approaches of BAIF's work on livestock development, as it grew from Gandhian roots into a large development organization. It emphasises the dynamics in approaches between top-down, objectivist and reductionist approaches on one hand and bottom-up, constructivist, holistic and self-organized approaches on the other hand. These experiences are set against similar developments on the (inter)national scene and in industrialized countries, along with factors that influence the changes, suggesting that agricultural R&D behaves as a complex adaptive system with its own dynamics and associated paradigm shifts. It also discusses a number of cross-cutting issues such as the notion of real versus perceived problems, hierarchy and grid, phases in development and aspects of holism versus reductionism, also reflected in notions of goal and process orientation. Concluding, the thesis considers development as a continuous process, of which the goals change over time-and-space. This reflects a paradigm issue, and if development is indeed a dynamic process it implies that choice of methodology and technology) should go along with changes occurring in that process. Some guidelines regarding the usefulness of approaches and technologies are given. But agricultural R&D is ultimately considered to be a complex adaptive system, also in Gujarat, and development organizations such as BAIF have to, therefore, show dynamic behaviour.
Suitability of temperate and tropical crossbred dairy cattle under peri-urban production system was investigated.The study was conducted during a period from April, 2010 to March, 2013 dairy production system of Mymensingh district. The available dairy crossbred genotypes were 50% Holstein Friesian(HF) , 62.5% HF ( 5/8 HF), 75% HF ( 3/4 HF).A total of 103 households, possessing 358 lactating cows were selected where two different management environments were applied: (i) Intervention (E 1 ) group and (ii) Non-intervention (E 2 ) group. There were a total of 158 cows registered from 58 households in E 1 and a total of 200 non-registered cows from 145 households in E 2 . Average daily milk yield was 8.11±0.24 kg, it is higher in 62.5% HF genotype (8.60±0.41 kg) compared to 50% HF(8.32±0.42 kg) and 75% HF (7.42±0.42 kg). However, the intervention group (E 1 ) was more efficient with an average of 9.85 ±0.39 than non intervention group (E 2 ) with6.38±0.28 kg. The highest milk yield in 180 days was found (1550±74 kg) at 62.5 % HF and lowest (1339±76) at 75% HF genotype. Against, G×E interaction effects were not significant on total milk yield (TMY) and daily milk yield though effect of environment was highly significant (P<0.001). The shortest dry period was found in 50% (89±2.53 days) and highest in 75% HF cross cows (102±2.72 days). The shortest age at first heat was found in 50 % (28±0.28) and highest in 75% (36±0.29) months. The shortest age at fist calving was found in 50% HF (37±0.30) and highest was in 75% HF (45±0.32) month. The shortest calving interval was found in 50% HF (378±8.63) and highest was in 75% HF (438±10.53) days. The shortest postpartum heat period found in 62.5% (91±3.31) days and highest in 75% HF (109±3.72) days. The lowest number of services per conception found in 62.5% (1.42±0.07) and highest in75% Animal Review journal homepage: http://www.pakinsight.com/?ic=journal&journal=92 Animal Review, 2014, 1(2): 26-36 27 (1.64±0.08) HF cross genotype. Conception rate was found shortest in 50% (71±2.66) and highest in 75% 80±2.52Holstein Friesian cross cows. In case of reproductive performances (number of services per conception, conception rate, age at first heat, age at first calving, dry period, calving interval), genotype, environment and G x E interaction had highly significant effects (P<0.001). Therefore, it can be concluded that for reproduction 50% HF crossbred cows and for production both 50% and 62.5% HF crossbred cows are suitable in small holder peri-urban dairying system. Genotype by environment interaction.
The study was undertaken to investigate the productive and reproductive performances of crossbreed dairy cattle in Bishoftu and Akaki under smallholder management system. For the study, a cross-sectional survey and structured questionnaire were used to collect data from 130 households. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to study the magnitude and direction of variation in months age at first services (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI), lactation milk yield (LMY) and lactation length (LL) due to management factors. Calving interval (CI) was only significantly (p < 0.001) different between the woredas. The mean of AFS, AFC, CI, DMY, TLMY and LL were estimated to be (