Variance components and heritabilities of yield and agronomic traits among cowpea genotypes (original) (raw)
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Genotypic variability and stability of some grain yield components of Cowpea
African journal of agricultural research
The grain yield components of eleven cowpea genotypes were studied in 2006 and 2007 at Abeokuta, Nigeria, to understand the sensitivity of the quantitative traits to heterogeneous environments. The genotypes differ significantly (p ≤ 0.05) in grain yield; the pods/plant and Dfodyld equally differed significantly for the two years. Significant (p ≤ 0.05) genotypic variation in pod length was only in 2007. DT50F, DT95M, 100 seed weight and pod yield were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced by the effect of genotype, year and their interactions. Seeds/pod, 100 seed weight and pod length had fairly high relative genetic gain resulting from high GCV: PCV, heritability and repeatability; indicating their low sensitivity to G × E. Loss of potential genetic gain was 26% in pod yield and 24% in seeds/pod. IT97K -499 -35, IT97 -568 -18 and IT95K -2011 -11 were identified in this study as the genotypes with high productivity and good genetic stability for pod yield, seeds/pod and 100 seed weight respectively.
Genotype × environment interaction and adaptation of cowpea genotypes across six planting seasons
Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies, 2022
Cowpea exhibits significantly inconsistent performances across different environments, and hence demands performance evaluation of genotypes prior release or cultivation in every breeding program. Hence, the goal of this study was to compare 16 cowpea genotypes over six planting seasons (2014-2019) in Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria for their stability and adaptation through Finlay and Wilkinson (FW), Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) and Genotype and Genotype × Environment (GGE) analyses. ANOVA revealed high significant genotype (15.33%), environment (14.71%) and GEI (64.34%) effects for seed yield among genotypes. All analyses were able to pinpoint stable high-yielding genotypes including G14 and G9. Genotypes G14, G3, G4, G5, G6 and G9 were high yielding and stable according to FW; AMMI showed G10, G9, G16, G14 and G13 stable high-yielding while GGE showed G14, G16, G9 and G13 as stable high-yielding. As analyses explored the variation in the data due to GEI, the...
Phenotypic Analysis of Seed Yield and Yield Components in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Walp)
Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, 2016
Poor seed yield remains a great challenge for cowpea production in sub-Sahara Africa and continuous evaluation of available genetic resource to develop high and stable yielding varieties is the panacea to this regional food security conundrum. In this study, 21 cowpea breeding lines were evaluated for phenotypic analysis of seed yield components for two years in a randomized complete block design of 3 replications. All the yield components exhibited significant genotypic variation, while flowering, pod maturity and seed yield traits recorded significant variation for years and its interactions. These cowpeas, which are predominantly early-medium maturing biotypes, exhibited relative phenotypic stability for the yield components across years (seasons) except seed yield, being a final product of complex physiological process. Relationships between flowering/pod maturity and seed size were positive and significant. By contrast, pods/plant, seeds/plant and total seed yield recorded negative correlations with pod maturity. However, seeds/plant and pods/plant are the most contributory components to seed-yield with correlation coefficients of r=0.95, 0.89, respectively. Although seed size had negative correlation with seeds/pod, but strong linkage between seed number (seeds/pod, seeds/plant) and seed yield; and additive gene nature of seed size, suggest a weak size-number trade-off in cowpea. Genetic variance components indicates high genetic contributions over non-genetic to plant phenotypic variability with high heritability values (0.75-0.91). Six cowpea lines (IT10K-837-1, IT07K-299-6, IT10K-815-5, IT10K-817-7, IT08K-150-24, and IT11K-61-82) with multiple quality yield traits could be selected for immediate farmers use and future genetic improvement.
Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Science, 2022
ABSTRACT The identification of high-yielding and stable genotypes for cultivation across differential production regions is among the key breeding objectives in cowpea improvement programs. This study was aimed to determine genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) for grain yield to select high-yielding and stable cowpea genotypes for production in South Africa and identical agro-ecologies, and for cultivar development. Fifty cowpea genotypes were tested for grain yield across seven environments of South Africa using a 10 × 5 alpha lattice design replicated three times, during the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 planting seasons. Grain yield data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analyses. ANOVA and AMMI showed significant genotype, environment and GEI effects. High grain yield was recorded for genotypes G35 (0.47 t ha−1), G1 (0.45 t ha−1) and G47 (0.43 t ha−1) across test environments. AMMI stability values (ASV); identified Acc-Cowp44 as the most stable genotype across all sites, recording the lowest ASV of 0.03. The comparison view of GGE biplot revealed Acc-Cowp29, Acc-Cowp38 and Acc-Cowp5 as ideal genotypes, possessing high grain yield of 0.19, 0.47 and 0.36 t ha−1, respectively. The identified genotypes are recommended for production and inclusion in subsequent breeding activities
Asian journal of soil science and plant nutrition, 2024
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important leguminous crop with significant economic and nutritional value. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the genetic diversity observed in cowpea populations with a focus on yield components and seed quality parameters. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a crucial legume crop known for its nutritional value and adaptability to various agroecological conditions. Understanding the genetic variability within cowpea populations is essential for crop improvement programs aimed at enhancing yield components and seed quality parameters. This comprehensive review provides an overview of the methods used to assess genetic variability in cowpea, focusing specifically on yield components such as plant height, pod length, and seed weight, as well as seed quality parameters including protein content, amino acid composition, and mineral nutrient levels. Various factors influencing genetic variability in cowpea, such as domestication history, breeding systems, and environmental factors, are discussed. The implications of genetic variability for cowpea breeding and the development of improved varieties with enhanced yield and nutritional quality are also examined. Overall, this review highlights the importance of genetic variability assessment in cowpea for sustainable agriculture and food security.
Journal of Plant breeding and Crop Science, 2018
Ethiopia is claimed to be a center of diversity for cowpea production. The crop is the most drought tolerant and could help the country overcome the recurrent drought problem; however, the yield is very low due to lack of effort to develop varieties. This research was conducted to evaluate the stability of cowpea genotypes and to estimate the magnitude of genotypes by environment interaction (GEI) effect on grain yield. Sixteen cowpea genotypes were tested at seven environments in an experiment laid out in a 4 × 4 triple lattice design during 2016/17 cropping season. The combined analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among genotypes and environments, along with significant effect of GEI on grain yield, days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height and pods per plants. Analysis of variance for grain yield from AMMI model indicated the contribution of genotype and environment, with GEI accounting for about 63.3, 5.3 and 29.7% of the total sum of squares, respectively. The result indicated that environments contributed much to the observed variations suggesting the need to test cowpea genotypes in diverse environments. Considering all stability parmeters, viz; deviation from regression (S 2 di), coefficient of regression (bi) from ER's model, IPCA1, IPCA2 and AMMI stability value (ASV) from AMMI model, GGE biplot and variety TVU was identified as the most stable with mean yield above the mean grain yield of genotypes. Two genotypes: IT-99K-1060a (1398.8 kg/ha) and 86D-378 (1377.1 kg/ha) had first and second highest yield, identified as responsive to both environments but more to favorable environments suggesting the need to further test and develop as varieties. The other two genotypes: 95K-1095-4A and 93K-619-1, identified as unstable and highly responsive to environments suggested to consider the genotypes as candidate varieties where they performed best. Melkassa, Sekota and Jinka were identified as more descrimnating environments, whereas Arbaminch and Kobo were ideal for selecting superior genotypes; however, Babile and Meisso were non descrimnating environments.
Cowpea, an important grain legume in the tropics and sub-tropics; serves as a source of protein in the diets of the people with tremendous ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen for soil improvement. Ten (10) genotypes of cowpea were grown during the rainy season of 2013 to study the interrelationship among quantitative traits. Estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, broad sense heritability, and genetic advance as percent of mean and correlations were performed on 20 quantitative traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Research Field of the. Genotypes differed significantly at (P ≤ 0.01) for all traits studied which showed the existence of sufficient genetic variability among the tested genotypes. High broad sense heritability values for all traits studied except for plant height (moderate) shows that these traits are less influenced by environmental effects; which make them effectively transmitted to the progeny. The high positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations between numbers of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant and seed weight indicates that selection for these will result in increase in yield. Keywords Broad sense heritability, Genetic advance as percent of mean, Cowpea, Genotypic coefficient of variation, Phenotypic coefficient of variation
Genetic Variability and Selection of Extra-Early Cowpea Progenies
Revista Caatinga, 2017
The precocity of cowpea is important because it indicates the possibility of increasing and/or stabilizing production in regions with long periods of drought. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variability and select extra-early cowpea progenies. Fifteen F3:6 progenies were evaluated in 2014 while sixty-two F7 progenies were evaluated in 2015. Two commercial cultivars were used in experiments performed in the irrigated perimeter of Baixo Acaraú, in Marco, CE. The following characteristics were evaluated: number of days for flowering (NDF), number of days for maturity (NDM), plant height (PH), pod length (PL), number of seeds per pod (NSP), number of grains per plant (NGP), weight of 100 grains (W100G) and total weight (MTOT). Data were analyzed in lattice and RBD, according to the methodology of mixed models by the REML/BLUP procedure. Also, the components of variance and genetic values were estimated. Variability among progenies, high heritability and high accuracy were ...
Yield response and stability among cowpea genotypes at three planting dates and test environments
of the traditional cropping systems in the semiarid tropics. Its productivity is generally low since farmers still grow unimproved landraces as a result of unavailability of improved and locally adapted cultivars. The objective of this study was to determine the relative yield response and stability among selected improved cowpea genotypes to make recommendation for wide or specific adaptation. Field experiments were conducted at three locations, three planting dates using ten diverse cowpea genotypes in South Africa during 2005/2006. The experiments were laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed significant interactions (P≤0.01) among genotypes, planting dates and locations for seed yield. The average yield varied from 2583.37 to 3997.78 kg/ha. Genotypes Pan311, CH14 and IT18E-16 were identified with high seed yield measured at 3997.78, 3777.15, and 3751.48 kg/ha, respectively. These genotypes were the most stable yielding that would be suitable for production under these or other similar environments in South Africa.
Analysis of Phenotypic Stability in 25 Cowpea Genotypes Across Six Environments
Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, 2019
Twenty-five cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) genotypes were evaluated across six contrasting environments for phenotypic yield stability. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes and the main effects. A1B×D, BC×M, L1B×M, A1B×M, and BA×I were the best performing and stable genotypes. The non-parametric analysis showed that genotype IT93K-503-1 had the highest yield and BC×D had the lowest yield. Shukla stability analysis revealed Beledi A and Dan lla as the most stable across test environments and genotypes A1B×D, BC×M and BA×I were good performers. The coefficient of variability graphical approach showed that genotypes BC×I, A1B×M, A1B×D, Dan lla, TA×M, Mouride, L1B×I, BC×M and L1B×D were high yielding. This implies they would do well across the testing sites. However, genotype IT93K-503-1 should be promoted for cultivation in drought-prone environments.