Evolution of Anticarcinogenic Potential of Cassia fistula against 7, 12 Dimethylbenzene(a) anthracene-induced Skin Papillomagenesis in Mus musculus (original) (raw)
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STUDIES OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CASSIA FISTULA
STUDIES OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF CASSIA FISTULA, 2018
Cancer has been the most dreadful disease from ages till now. However, with the passage of time it been more understood its mechanism, types, some causing factors, and way of its cell duplication. By the progress of science there are now more than one available method for treatment, diagnosis or prevention of cancer. But this progress did not reach till now cheap, fast and effective specific targeting treatment for all types or even one type. For this aim, the field of searching for alternative natural compounds extracted from plants to replace those expensive non effective targeting compounds has been wider and advanced. One of familiar plant families is Leguminosae specifically class of Cassia fistula plant. This type of plant has been examined to ensure its biological activity and by detecting and analysis it show anticancer activity against liver cancer cell line; hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2. C. fistula volatile oil extract was able to inhibit proliferation for HepG2 cancer cell lines at 3.05 0.08µg/ml. The methanolic and oil extracts of Cassia fistula showed good brine shrimp larvicidal activity with lethality concentration (LC 50) of 15 and 55 µg/mL, respectively. Finally using GC-MS, the essential oil compounds were identified, whereas 39 compounds produces and accounted for 90.46% of the total oil, the major compound was compound sulfurous acid; cyclohexyl-methyl octadecyl ester (21.62%).
Anticancer activity of Cassia fistula extract
Cassia fistula Linn. (Fabaceae) fruit has been used in folk medicine and reported for various pharmacological properties. We evaluated the anticancer activity of C. fistula fruit extracts [ethyl acetate extract of pulp (EEP), n-butanol extract of pulp (BEP), ethyl acetate extract of seeds (EES), n-butanol extract of seeds (BES)] against human cervical cancer (SiHa) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. Phytochemicals analysis revealed that the EEP and EES contained anticancer compounds like 2(3H)-furanone, rhein, thymoland oleic acid. BES contained inositol and palmitic acid, whereas BEP contained inositol and 2-pyrrolidone. IC50 of EEP, EES, BEP and BES against SiHa cells were 415.5±0.19, 435.7±0.11, 535.3±0.32 and 580.2±0.41 μg/mL, whereas against MCF-7 cells were 422.2±0.32, 51.4±0.27, 564.5±0.21 and 575.6±0.47 μg/mL respectively (p < 0.01). At IC50, EEP, EES, BEP and BES treated MCF-7 cells formed colonies of 17.5, 16.3, 22.5 and 18.8 % whereas treated SiHa cells formed colonies of 11.5, 12.8, 19.2 and 16.7 % (p < 0.03). Seeds and pulp treated both cell lines showed up-regulation of p53 and Bax genes, down-regulation of Bcl-2 gene and increased caspase-3, 7 & 10 and -9 enzymes activities. Also, the fragmented genomic DNA in pulp and seeds extracts treated SiHa and MCF-7 cells showed sign of apoptosis.We concluded that the fruit pulp and seeds extracts inhibited MCF-7 and SiHa cells growth and induced cells death by modulating the expression of apoptosisregulatory genes and caspase enzymes.
Leaves of Cassia tora as a novel cancer therapeutic – An in vitro study
Toxicology in Vitro, 2009
Cassia tora Linn (Leguminacea) is a medicinal plant traditionally used as laxative, for the treatment of leprosy and various skin disorders. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of leaf showed the presence of polyphenols (3.7 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram dried leaves). The presence of phenolic compound prompted us to evaluate its antioxidant and antiproliferative potential. In the present study C. tora methanolic leaf extract (CTME) was evaluated for its nitric oxide scavenging activity and reducing power assays using Rutin and BHT as standards. The extract was studied for its lipid peroxidation inhibition assay using rat liver and brain. In all assays, a correlation existed between concentration of extract and percentage inhibition of free radical, reducing power and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The antiproliferative activity of CTME with Cisplatin, anticancer drug was studied using human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). Proliferation of HeLa was measured by MTT assay, cell DNA content by modified diphenylamine method and apoptosis by Caspase 3 activity. The plant extract induced a marked concentration dependent inhibition on proliferation, reduced DNA content and apoptosis in HeLa. These results clearly indicate that C. tora is effective against free radical mediated diseases.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International
Background: In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in studying plant-derived materials and their impact on DNA. Herbal products include a number of natural substances that may help protect cells against mutagen-induced cell damage. Aim: The purpose of this research was to assess the genotoxic effects of Cassia Auriculata Linn flavonoids (CAF) and Cassia Auriculata Linn saponin (CAS) rich fractions on mouse bone marrow cells utilizing chromosomal aberration test and micronucleus assay. Methodology: The suppressive impact of CAF and CAS on 7, 12-dimethylbenz (α) anthracene (DMBA) and Croton oil induced skin tumor promotion in mice with topical administration twice weekly for 18 weeks is also investigated in this work. Three dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight were used. Single oral dosages of CAF and CAS Fraction at the three levels did not enhance the number of micronucleate polychromatic erythrocytes in the micronucleus experiment. Result: In mice bone marrow cells...
Chemopreventive effects of sage oil on skin papillomas in mice
Phytomedicine, 2000
Salvia libanotica (sage) extract is a popular plant remedy used by Middle Eastern people to treat common complaints such as colds and abdominal pain. In this study, the chemopreventive effects of sage oil on 7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-initiated and 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-promoted skin papillomas was investigated. Furthermore, its growth inhibitory and cytotoxic effects on a mouse papilloma-derived cell line (SP-l) were studied using 3H-thymidine incorporation, cell count and trypan blue dye exclusion assays. Sage oil was either applied topically to mouse skin at concentrations of 5,50 and 100 % in acetone, injected intraperitoneally at concentrations of 4 (37 mg/ml) and 8 % (75 mg/ml) in saline or given by gavage at 100 % twice per week for 20 weeks, 20 minutes prior to each promotion treatment with TPA. The topically applied 100 % oil extract delayed tumor appearance by 4 weeks and inhibited tumor incidence and yield by 19 and 61 %, respectively, at week 20. Topical application of 50 % and 5 % sage oil inhibited tumor yield by 41 % at week 20. Tumor weight was decreased by 75 % and 80 % following treatment of mouse skin with 50 % and 100 % oil, respectively. Intraperitoneal injections and gavage treatments failed to inhibit the promotion of tumors in mouse skin, but significantly decreased tumor weight and volume. Sage oil displayed strong growth inhibitory effects on the SP-l papilloma derived cell line following 24 hrs of treatment with estimated IC so of 50 ug/ml, This observed growth inhibition was due to cytostatic and not cytotoxic effects. Our results suggest that the oil extract of the sage plant has potent suppressive activities against tumor promotion in mouse skin and thus could be an effective chemopreventive agent against skin cancer.
______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The evaluation of the anticarcinogenic activity of the Clerodendrum serratum leaf extract (CSLE) on liver and kidney of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced skin carcinogenesis in mice were studied. Group I served as control. The skin lesions were induced by twice-weekly topical application of DMBA for two weeks on the shaved backs of group II, III, IV and V mice. CSLE was administered to group III, IV and V mice at the dose of 300, 600 and 900 mg/kg b.wt/day, for 4 week before DMBA application, and continued till 45 days. On 46th day the mice were sacrificed, liver and kidney were dissected out freed from adherent tissue and weighed to nearest milligram and evaluated the effect of administration of CSLE on biochemical and oxidative stress parameters. Our findings showed that there was a recovery in biochemical and oxidative stress parameters in the liver and kidney of the CSLE administ...
Integrative Cancer Therapies, 2010
The inhibition of tumor incidence by hydro-alcoholic extract of S.cumini seed was evaluated in mice on two stage process of skin carcinogenesis induced by single application of 7, 12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (100 µg/100µl of acetone), and 2 weeks later promoted by repeated application of croton oil (1% acetone/thrice in a week) till the end of the experiment (i.e. 16 weeks). Oral administration of extract at a dose of 250mg/kg b.wt./day at the peri-initiational stage (i.e. 7 days before and 7 days after DMBA application), promotional stage (i.e. from the time of croton oil application) and at both the stages (i.e. 7 days prior to DMBA application & continued till the end of experiment) to the mice, recorded a significant reduction in tumor incidence to 37.5, 50 & 25% respectively in comparison to the carcinogen treated control, where tumor incidence was found as 100%. Tumor yield and Tumor burden were also significantly reduced by SCE. Similarly, the cumulative number of papilloma...
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP
In the present studies, the effect of Solanum lycopersicum extract on DMBA induced skin papillomas and B6 F10 melanomas was studied. Topical single application of DMBA at the dose of 4 mg/kg b.wt. followed by 1 % croton oil for 16 weeks produced a 100% incidence of skin papillomas which started appearing from the 6th week onwards. The mice which additionally received S. lycopersicum extract at 0.6 g/kg 2 day/week for 16 weeks showed a significant decrease in the number and incidence of tumors (p< 0.05), with a delay in their appearance to week 10. Histopathological examination showed well and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas in the group which received DMBA + Croton oil treatment whereas hyperkeratosis and hyperplasia were more prevalent in DMBA + Croton oil + Lycopersicum extract treated animals. In a second experiment the effect of cyclophosphamide alone and in combination with S. lycopersicum extract was studied in B16F10 melanoma tumour bearing mice. The inhibition rate was 25.9% in the cyclophosphamide treated group but this increased to 37.7%with S. lycopersicum. The life span of tumour bearing animals was also increased. Thus in two models, S. lycopersicum extract exerted protective potential against skin tumors.
Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP
We report the chemopreventive activity of Acacia nilotica (Linn.) gum, flower and leaf aqueous extracts, on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin papillomagenesis in male Swiss albino mice. Animals were divided into following groups: Group I (Controls) given DMBA and croton oil, with no extract ; Group II (treatment) animals treated with Acacia nilotica gum (Group II-a) (800 mg/kg body weight), flowers (Group II-b) (800 mg/kg body weight), or leaves (Group II-c) (800 mg/kg body weight) during the peri- and post initiation periods of DMBA and croton oil application. A significant reduction in the values of tumor burden, tumor incidence and cumulative number of papillomas was observed in mice treated by oral gavage with the Acacia nilotica gum, flower and leaf extracts as compared with the control group. The latency period in treatment Group-II (b) and Group-II (c) was significantly increased as compared with the control group. A significant reduction in the frequency of ...
Anticancer activity of Cassia senna (L) against Prostate Carcinogenesis
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common male non-cutaneous malignancy in Western countries. Since prostate cancer development involves a combination of genetic predisposition and promotional mechanisms, especially the metabolic conversion of testosterone to 5α dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α reductase. In the present study antitumor activity of ethanolic extract of Cassia senna (150mg/kg body weight, for a duration of 4 months) was evaluated against testosterone and N-Methyl N-Nitroso Urea (MNU).Biochemical estimations including Prostatic acid phosphatase, Lipid peroxidation, enzymic antioxidants and non enzymic antioxidants activity done in the prostate and seminal vesicle tissue homogenate were restored after treatment with ethanolic extract of C.senna. Histopathological Examination Showed significant changes like hyperplastic prostatic acini and malignant proliferation of ductal epithelial cells in the prostate and seminal vesicle of Carcinogen induced rats. After treatment with C.senna extract normal and flow dilated ducts and acini with regular epithelial lining were observed in prostate and partially hyperplastic and partially flattered epithelium in seminal vesicle were observed. In conclusion from these findings it is reported that the ethanolic extract of C.senna has good Suppression of Prostate tumor growth in in vivo model using Testosterone and N-methyl N-nitrosourea for induction of prostate carcinogenesis.