IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CRUDE DRUGS OF MEDICINAL PLANTS (original) (raw)

Quantitative phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plant species by using various organic solvents

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2016

In the present study, 10 medicinally important plant species were screened for their phytochemicals (quantitatively) by using 4 different solvent (water [AQ], Acetone [AE], Petroleum Ether [PE] and chloroform [CF]) extracted from their selected parts (leaves, stem, pericarp of the fruit and seeds cotyledons). All the plants which are selected for the study contains phytochemicals like alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenols and saponins. The highest concentrations of alkaloids are observed in L.officinale leaf and F.vulgare stem extracts by using PE. The highest amounts of flavonoids are seen in AQ and PE extracts of G.indica, D.loureiri, S. saponaria. The moderate concentrations of phenols are reported in AQ and PE extracts of J.curcas and S.saponaria plant species. The high concentrations of steroids are reported in S.saponaria plant fruit pericarpic extract with PE. The concentration of phytochemicals varied, when different organic solvents are used for the extraction procedure.

In vitro total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of selected medicinal plants using different solvent systems

BMC Chemistry

Recently, an interest has surged in utilizing indigenous medicinal plants to treat infectious illnesses and extract bioactive substances, highlighting the need to analyze medicinal plants for phytochemicals and bioactivities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the impact of different solvent systems (aqueous, ethanol, and methanol) used for extraction on total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of three medicinal plants of Azad Kashmir (Achillea millefolium,Bergenia ciliata,andAloe vera). High phenolic content was found in methanol extracts ofB. ciliata(27.48 ± 0.58 mg GAE/g dry weight),A. vera(25.61 ± 0.33 mg GAE/g dry weight), andA. millefolium(24.25 ± 0.67 mg GAE/g dry weight). High flavonoid content was obtained in the ethanol extract ofA. millefolium(27.13 ± 0.64 mg QE/g dry weight), methanol extract ofB. ciliata(17.44 ± 0.44 ± 0.44 mg QE/g dry weight), and the methanol extract ofA. vera(14.68 ± 0.67 mg QE/g dry weight). Strong 2,2-dipheny...

Standardization, evaluation and quantification of herbal drugs by various analytical methods

International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine

This review article encompasses the various evaluation parameters of standardization of different medicinal plants and its constituents. In today’s life, more and more people of the world are turning towards the use of natural or herbal products as these have very less or negligible side effects. As the use of herbal medicinal products is increasing day by day, the questions regarding their quality are also arising. This is due to lack of parameters for the standardization of these products. There is a need to set different parameters or methods that can help to standardize the herbal medicinal plant materials. Various methods like physical, chemical, biological is used for standardization and quality evaluation of herbal medicinal plants. These methods can act as a basic tool for the quality evaluation of herbal plant materials. Different parameters of standardization are the fundamental tool for evaluating and assuring the quality of the herbal plant material and its products. Thi...

To Identify the Presence of Phytochemicals in Medicinal Plants Such as Clitoria Ternatea and Pterocarpus Santalinus using Different Solvents Followed by Anti-microbial Activity Against E. Coli

International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

There are abundant therapeutic plants out there in the vegetation providing numerous health benefits and waiting to be discovered more about them. There are diversions of plants that provide medicinal aid to various ailments and are differentiated based on the various plant families they belong to. In this study, we focus on the two species that belong to the same family. i.e., Fabaceae which are, Clitoria ternatea and Pterocarpus santalinus. Fabaceae plant family is believed to consist of humungous health benefits including antimicrobial activities, helping in wound healing, being anti-cancer. The presence of a wide variety of secondary bioactive metabolites, including Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Coumarins, Terpenoids, Sterols, and Phenolic acids which have been frequently reported to be present in various plant species of this Fabaceae family, may explain the variety of medicinal effects of these plants: Since ancient times, the Fabaceae plant family has been employed as a source of me...

Preliminary Phytochemical Screening of Different Solvent Mediated Medicinal Plant Extracts Evaluated

International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2015

Enicostemma littorale Blume (Gentianaceae family), which is commonly known as Mamajaka (Sanskrit), Vellarugu (Tamil) and Indian gentian (English). E. littorale is a perennial herb which grows in coastal areas of Northern and Eastern province of Sri Lanka. The whole plant is dried and powdered and used to treat rheumatism, swelling, back pain, diabetes mellitus, constipation, and skin diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the phytochemical constituents in different extracts of E. littorale according to the standard procedures. Quantitative estimation of some of the active constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins were also carried out. The preliminary phytochemical screening of hot and cold ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, proteins, reducing sugar coumarins and quinones and absence of anthraquinones. Cold and hot water extracts showed the presence of fat and fixed oil. The total alkaloid and flavonoid contents were found to be 2.25 ± 0.01 % and 25.34 ± 0.24 % respectively and total saponin content was (Foaming Index) FI < 100. The phytochemicals identified in the present study may be used as tools for quality control of drugs prepared with E. littorale in the future, for the treatment of a variety of disease conditions.

Simplified Screening by TLC of Plant Drugs

Pharmaceutical Biology, 2002

A rapid and economical procedure for the determination of the main active principles of medicinal plants (alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, essential oils) is proposed. The extraction of these active principles has been performed by means of three solvents, based on a method of increasing polarity. The plant extracts, whose compositions are known, were analysed on silica gel layers with the aid of three solvent systems and six spray reagents.

Efficacy of Solvent Extracts of Some Medicinal Plants for Potential Antibacterial Activity

2014

Chandrashekhar J.Chandekar and Priya L. Lokhande Shri Shivaji Science College, Congress Nagar, Nagpur-12 Corresponding author Email : chandekarc@yahoo.com Abstract Abstract Different solvent extracts of the leaves of Acacia Arabica, Ailanthus excelsa, Alstonia scholaris, Callistemom lanceolantus,Casurina equisetifolia,Catharanthus roseus,Grevellia robusta,Moringa oleifera, Psidium guava, Saraca indica, Tamarindus indicum,Vitex negundo and Thuja compacta were investigated for their antibacterial activity on Escherchia coli NCIM2931,Proteus vulgaris NCIM-2857,Pseudomonas auriginosa NCIM-5029, Staphylococcus aureus NCIM-5021,Bacillus cereus NCIM-2155, Bacillus subtilis NCIM-2063,and Bacillus megaterium NCIM-2087. 50 μl of solvent extract is used to test antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion method with well size of 5 mm diameter using High sensitivity test agar medium. Acetone and Methanol extracts of Acacia Arabica, Callistemom lanceolantus,Casurina equisetifolia, Psidium g...

International Journal of Biological & Pharmaceutical Research PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SOME IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANTS

Plants are sources of large amount of drugs comparising to different groups such as Antispasmodics, Emetics, Anticancer and Antibacterial etc. This present study reports three different solvents extracts and aqueous prepared from four Indian plants belonging to different families collected from Adhiyamaan Botanical Garden krishnagiri district Tamilnadu. The preliminary phytochemical screening was performed from these extracts for the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Phlobatannins, Flavanoids and Terpenoids. Result shows that the content of plants are below the toxic level for man. The presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, Phlobatannins, Flavanoids, and Terpenoids in all these plants investigation indicates that they could be used in the treatment of burns and wounds. Finally the high Alkaloid Flavonoids and Terpenoids content of the plants suggest their antioxidant potential and justifies their therapeutic action which could be used in drug formation.

Determination of Properties of Selected Fresh and Processed Medicinal Plants

Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2015

The study aimed to determine the chemical properties, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and toxicity level of fresh and processed medicinal plants such as corn (Zea mays) silk, pancit-pancitan (Peperomiapellucida) leaves, pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius) leaves, and commercially available tea. The toxicity level of the samples was measured using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results showed that in terms of chemical properties there is significant difference between fresh and processed corn silk except in crude fiber content was noted. Based on proximate analyses of fresh and processed medicinal plants specifically in terms of % moisture, %crude protein and % total carbohydrates were also observed. In addition, there is also significant difference on bioactive compound contents such as total flavonoids and total phenolics between fresh and processed corn silk except in total vitamin E (TVE) content. Pandan and pancit-pancitan showed significant difference in all bioactive compounds except in total antioxidant content (TAC). Fresh pancit-pancitan has the highest total phenolics content (TPC) and TAC, while the fresh and processed corn silk has the lowest TAC and TVE content, respectively. Furthermore, results of BSLA for the three medicinal plants and commercially available tea extract showed after 24 hours exposure significant difference in toxicity level was observed. The percentage mortality increased with an increase in exposure time of the three medicinal plants and tea extract. The results of the study can served as baseline data for further processing and commercialization of these medicinal plants.