An Insight Review on the Application of Polymer-Carbon Nanotubes Based Composite Material in Sensor Technology 1 (original) (raw)

Scalable fabrication of immunosensors based on carbon nanotube polymer composites

Nanotechnology, 2008

In this work we present the fabrication and characterization of immunosensors based on polystyrene (PS)-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites. The electrochemical properties of the sensors have been investigated and show that the surface area is increased upon addition of the MWCNT-PS layer. Furthermore, a plasma activation process is used to partially remove the PS and expose the MWCNTs. This results in a huge increase in the electrochemical area and opens up the possibility of binding biomolecules to the MWCNT wall. The MWCNTs have been functionalized covalently with a model antibody (rabbit IgG). The biosensors have been tested using amperometric techniques and show detection limits comparable to standard techniques such as ELISA.

Recent Advances in Carbon Nanotubes Based Biosensors

Sensors, 2008

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently aroused worldwide interest. This has been attributed to the combination of structure, size and morphology of CNTs resulting in their reasonable surface and mechanical properties, semi-conducting and metallic properties. We discuss recent developments relating to the methods and techniques that use carbon nanotubes as transducers and mediators for fabrication of biosensors. Besides this, attempts have been made to describe in brief the preparation, characterization and applications of nano-materials to both health care diagnostics and environmental biosensing.

Carbon nanotube based biosensors

Carbon nanotube (CNT) based biosensors are recognized to be a next generation building block for ultra-sensitive and ultra-fast biosensing systems. This article provides an overview on the recent expansion of research in the field of CNT-based biosensors. We start by first introducing the material structures and properties of CNTs. The basic and some new developed synthetic methods of CNTs are presented. This is followed by a collection of working principle and performance of different CNT-based biosensors. The roles and the processing methods of functionalized CNTs are summarized. After that, some of the practical applications and concerns in the field are addressed. What is more, the scientific and technological challenges in the field are discussed at the end of this review.

Amperometric Biosensors Based on Redox Polymer−Carbon Nanotube−Enzyme Composites

Analytical Chemistry, 2005

Based on their size and unique electrical properties, carbon nanotubes offer the exciting possibility of developing ultrasensitive, electrochemical biosensors. In this study, we describe the construction of amperometric biosensors based on the incorporation of single-walled carbon nanotubes modified with enzyme into redox polymer hydrogels. The composite films were constructed by first incubating an enzyme in a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNTs) solution and then cross-linking within a poly[(vinylpyridine)Os(bipyridyl) 2 Cl 2+/3+ ] polymer film. Incorporation of SWNTs, modified with glucose oxidase, into the redox polymer films resulted in a 2-10-fold increase in the oxidation and reduction peak currents during cyclic voltammetry, while the glucose electrooxidation current was increased 3-fold to ∼1 mA/cm 2 for glucose sensors. Similar effects were also observed when SWNTs were modified with horseradish peroxidase prior to incorporation into redox hydrogels.

A review on technological aspects influencing commercialization of carbon nanotube sensors

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2011

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the advanced functional materials of today and has been researched extensively since its discovery. Although much is still not known about the physical and chemical properties of CNTs, it has already found potential applications in many industries, from defense to electronics and even in environmental remediation. CNTs possess many desirable mechanical and chemical properties, which supercedes many of the advanced materials of today. It was also found that CNTs have excellent electronic properties like unprecedented mobilities of up to 100,000 cm 2 /V s, which can potentially result in a quantum leap in the electronics industry. Over the recent years, CNT and their derivatives (decorated/functionalized) were also intensively studied, especially in the field of bio and chemical sensing owing to the size similarity of nanotubes with the analytes such as biospecies that enable strong interactions between them. However, despite intensive research, commercialization of these potential applications still remains elusive mainly due to the lack of control in synthesis of specific chirality, diameter and length of CNTs, which influences the device performance. This short review focuses on addressing recent advances in CNT research especially on aspects such as controlled synthesis, decoration/functionalization for specific recognition, sensor device fabrication and commercialization strategies.

Carbon nanotubes From molecular to macroscopic sensors

The components that contribute to Raman spectral shifts of single-wall carbon nanotubes ͑SWNT's͒ embedded in polymer systems have been identified. The temperature dependence of the Raman shift can be separated into the temperature dependence of the nanotubes, the cohesive energy density of the polymer, and the buildup of thermal strain. Discounting all components apart from the thermal strain from the Raman shift-temperature data, it is shown that the mechanical response of single-wall carbon nanotubes in tension and compression are identical. The stress-strain response of SWNT's can explain recent experimental data for carbon nanotube-composite systems.