Antibiotic resistance pattern of urinary isolates in a Rural Medical College of Maharashtra (original) (raw)
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2020
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians particularly in developing countries. Current knowledge on antimicrobial resistance pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. The aim of the present study was to identify the causative organisms for UTI and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of organisms causing UTI. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Microbiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, from a period of January 2014 to December 2014. Results: Out of 2136 clinical sample of urine, 430 (20.1%) showed significant bacterial growth. Escherichia coli was the commonest urinary pathogen (76.3%), followed by Pseudomonas spp. (7.9%), Proteus spp. (7.2%), Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter spp. (1.9% each) and Staphylococcus aureus (1.6%). Isolated uropathogens showed highest resistance for Amoxycillin (86%-97%) and Cefradin (71%-100%), resistance rate for other c...
Community-acquired Urinary Tract Infection (CA-UTI) is a very common condition and often treated by empirical antibiotic therapy. This has led to the problem of drug resistance in the community pathogens. As information on profile and antibiotic resistance, especially from rural areas is very hard to come by, this study was carried out on adult CA-UTI subjects presenting in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital of lower Assam. Outdoor patients were included and urine samples were tested by standard microbiological methods. Isolated organisms were processed for antibiotic susceptibility and MIC (selected cases). Out of 1436 samples 27.1% was found to have significant bacteriuria by single agents with more infection in female than in male. E coli was the predominant agent (62.2%) followed by Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (CONS) at 11.8%, Klebsiella (11.3%) and Entercocci (6.3%). High prevalence of drug resistance amongst the isolates was observed, especially against common agent of empirical treatments like Ciprofloxacin, Amoxycalv etc. MIC level of Ciprofloxacin in E coli seemed to be rising and in few cases, level has reached beyond 32mcg/ml. This is alarming for a community pathogen from a rural area. Urgent necessity for an evidence based antibiotic policy cannot be ruled out.
Stamford Journal of Microbiology, 2015
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of illness in people of all age groups. The increasing trend of antibiotic resistance is now a concern worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of Gram negative pathogenic isolated from UTI cases in Sirajganj district. A total of 297 uropathogens were included in this study of which 66 (22.2%) were isolated from male patients and 231 (77.8%) from female patients. Escherichia coli (52.9%) was found to be the predominant pathogen followed by Klebsiella spp. (22.9%), Proteus spp. (4.7%), Psudomonas spp. (4.4%), Enterobacter spp. (2.4%), Citrobacter spp. (3%) and Morganella spp. (5.7%). Most of the uropathogens were resistant against Ampicillin (AMP). Meropenem was the most effective antibiotic with resistance between 0 and 15.1% of the tested isolates. However, the trend of antibiotic resistance can vary with the change in the environmental and socioeconomic conditions. Accurate diagnosis o...
International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2019
Background: To determine the trends in emergence of antibiotic resistance and sensitivity pattern and different types of organisms causing urinary tract infections. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at tertiary care hospitals of Salem district, Tamil Nadu, during November 2017-Apri 2018 and consisted of 600 patients of either gender between ages of 01-80 years. Results: Out of 600 adults, males were 309 (51 %) and females were 291 (49 %). E. coli (48.68 %) was the most common organism, followed by Klebsiella oxytoca (12.67 %), Enterococcus species (10.67 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae. The incidence of UTI was more in patients in the age group of 01-15years. E. coli and Klebsiella oxytoca were sensitive to Amikacin, Ampicillin, and Ciprofloxacin. All these organisms were resistant to Ceftriaxone. Conclusions: In this study, males were mostly affected and the most common organisms were E.Coli and Klebsiella oxytoca. These organisms were most sensitive to Amikacin, Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem and resistant predominantly to Ceftriaxone. The sensitivity and resistance pattern of uropathogens to common antimicrobial agents must be taken into account when selecting treatment plans for UTI.
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 2007
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) remain the common infections diagnosed in outpatients as well as hospitalized patients. Current knowledge on antimicrobial susceptibility pattern is essential for appropriate therapy. Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria may not be detected by routine disk diffusion susceptibility test, leading to inappropriate use of antibiotics and treatment failure. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from patients with community acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) at Aligarh hospital in India as well as identification of ESBL producers in the population of different uropathogens.
Study of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern in Uropathogens at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Annals of International medical and Dental Research, 2017
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common infection in the world caused by uropathogens, to make a proper treatment of UTI should be a proper diagnosis of the cause and therefore a proper application of drugs. Keeping in mind the causes of urinary tract infections and the sensitivity pattern of uropathogens towards the antibiotic, the present study was proposed to study the uropathogens. An empiric treatment of UTI is find out by the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of uropathogens in a population. There is an resistance increased to the first line empirical drugs used in the treatment of UTI. This study was conducted in Garhwal Uttrakhand (India) to determine the resistance patterns of amongst uropathogens, to help in the establishment of local guidelines on the treatment of UTI. Methods: This is a retrospective study on 338 urine cultures from July 2013 to June 2014. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) method was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and compared. Data Analysis was done by using simple percentage method. Results: Out of the 338 samples subjected to culture, 166(49.11%) were positive for growth. Out of the 166 culture isolates, Escherichia coli was the most common 67 (19.8%) followed by CoNS 30(8.8%), Staphylococcus 14(4.1%), Enterococcus 11(3.3%), Acinetobacter spp. 10(2.9%), Klebsiella 8(2.4%), and Candida albicans 7(2.1%). The antibiotic sensitivity pattern was analyzed for all the bacterial isolates together and drugs are sort in order of their sensitivity. On the basis of antibiotic sensitivity pattern it is found that all bacterial isolates were 24.6 % sensitive to Amikacin, 23.1 % sensitive to Gentamicin, 18 % sensitive to Nitrofurantoin Acid, 15.1 % sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, 13.3 % sensitive to Meropenem and Cefoperazone-sulbactam, 13% sensitive to Piperacillin-tazobactam and Co-trimoxazole, 10.7 % sensitive to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 10.4 % sensitive to Aztreonam and 10.1% sensitive to Chloramphenicol. All the isolates were 16.9% resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Co-trimoxazole, 12.7% resistant to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 12.4% resistant to Ampicillin, 10.7% resistant to Cefotaxime, Cefazolin &Ticarcillin-Clavulanic acid and 10.4 % resistant to Cefuroxime. Conclusion: The alarming rate of resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Co-trimoxazole, Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Cefazolin &Ticarcillin-Clavulanic acid of urinary isolates, precludes the use of these commonly used antibiotics for empiric treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) in India. Therefore, urine culture is necessarily recommended for screening and diagnosis.
This study was an attempt to estimate the prevalence of Antimicrobial resistance in patients attending the OPD and IPD of IIMS&R, hospital, Lucknow. Total 453 urine samples were included in this study. Urinary isolates from symptomatic UTI cases were identified by conventional methods. Of the 453 processed samples 166 samples showed significant colony count of pathogens among which the most prevalent were E. coli (49.39%) followed by Klebsiella species (7.83%). The majority of the isolates were from female (68.67%) while the remaining was from male (31.32%). Dysuria was the most common clinical presentation followed by fever and abdominal pain. Diabetes and urogenital instrumentation were the major risk factors for UTI. Among the 166 urine samples which showed significant colony count, 152 (91.56%) of specimen showed pus cells in wet film examination. Among the gram-negative en-teric bacilli high prevalence of resistance was observed against Ampicillin, Cefotaxime, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid and co-trimoxazole. 44% of isolates were detected to produce ESBL among the gram negative bacteria. Carbapenemase production was seen in 13 (11.71%) isolates. Among the 32 Enterococcus isolates 14 (43.75%) were resistant to High level Gentamicin, 2 (6.25%) were resistant to High level Streptomycin while 12 (37.50%) of isolates were resistant to both of the antimicrobial drugs. Among the 16 Staphylococcus species, 8 (50%) were MRSA.
URINARY TRACT INFECTION: BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ITS ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY IN WESTERN INDIA
National Journal of Medical Research, 2015
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are counted among the most common infections in humans. In spite of the availability and use of the antimicrobial drugs, UTIs caused by bacteria have been showing increasing trends. The extensive and inappropriate use of antimicrobial agents has invariably resulted in the development of antibiotic resistance which, in recent years, has become a major problem worldwide. Materials & Methods: Patients diagnosed clinically as UTI during the study period were included in the study. Urine sample of these patients were tested for Culture. All positive cultures were tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Results: Out of total 232 patients, Isolates were detected in 177 (76.29%) samples. Out of these, 137 (77.40%) were female. Most common organism found positive was Escherichia Coli. E. coli was highly sensitive to Amikacin and Nitrofurantoin. Whereas, E.coli was highly resistant to Ampicillin and Nalidixic acid. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Klebsiella and Acinitobacter shows that they were also highly sensitive to Amikacin. Klebsiella and Acinobacter were highly resistant to Ampicillin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: The pattern of resistance to commonly used antibiotics for treating UTI alerts us against indiscriminate usage of antibiotics
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common problem in hospitalized and outdoor patients. It is mainly found in females because of the shortness of the urethra and closeness to anus, which facilitate entrance of fecal micro–flora to urinary tract. Aim of the study was to investigate the bacterial uro-pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility in a tertiary care hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. Urine samples (n = 200) were analyzed and cultured on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient (CLED) medium. All the bacterial isolates were identified by conventional biochemical tests. Of the total, bacteria were isolated from 113 patients. In positive samples, 36 (31.9%) were male and 77 (68.1%) were female, whereas, 80 (70.8%) were hospitalized and 33 (29.2%) were walk in patients. E. coli was the dominant uro-pathogen 77 (68.1%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 13 (11.5%), Proteus spp. 9(8.0%), Pseudomonas spp. 6 (5.3%), Klebsiella spp. 4(3.5%), and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus 4 (3.5%). Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by disc diffusion method according to clinical laboratories standard institute (CLSI). Bacterial isolates showed resistance to ampicillin (72.0%), ciprofloxacin (53.1%), norfloxacin (51.3%) and trimethoprim–sulfamethaxozole (53.1%). Bacterial spp. resistant to other antibiotics was also prevalent. Meropenem was the most effective antibiotic against all the bacterial isolates. In conclusion, high incidence of single and multiple antibiotic resistant bacterial strains is ma Key Words: Urinary tract infection, Multi drug resistant, E. coli