Scalability of an all-optical multiwavelength slotted-ring metropolitan area network (original) (raw)
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An Efficient Metropolitan WDM Ring Architecture for a Slotted Transmission Technique
Journal of Lightwave Technology, 2008
In this paper, we present a wavelength division multiplexing multiring metropolitan area network architecture using a separate ring as control channel and a finite number of access nodes. Each access node is equipped with a fixed tuned transmitter and a fixed tuned receiver to exchange control information over the control wavelength. Also, each access node has a tunable transmitter to efficiently exploit all data wavelengths for data transmission. The set of data wavelengths is divided into wavelength bands. This allows a flexible node design with a number of parallel tunable receivers per node, each operating in a specific wavelength band and providing limited tuning time. On the one hand, our network strategy confronts more efficiently the scalability and maintenance problems comparatively with most of the access ring protocols. On the other hand, the proposed access algorithm avoids both the data wavelengths and the receiver collisions, improving even more the network utilization. An analytic model is developed for the performance measures evaluation. Also, we develop another analysis approach using discrete event simulation model based on self-similar statistics. Analysis is accomplished studying various numbers of access nodes, data wavelengths, and buffer size.
A broadband ring network: multichannel optical slotted ring
Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 1995
This paper presents a multichannel optical ring network for broadband integrated services. The network uses a multichannel architecture with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) and photonic packet switching devices for its access mechanism. The electronic speed bottleneck is removed out of the ring, which allows utilization of the full bandwidth for the optical fiber transmission medium. For compatibility with B-ISDN, the network uses a similar cell structure to that of an ATM based cell with a slotted ring concept. Fiber optic delay line matched filters are used as a means of address detection at the destination nodes. The network architecture is described and a design of the optical switching node is presented. A novel technique is devised in order to measure the average transfer delay of a cell in the multichannel slotted ring network. The analytical results show an excellent agreement with simulation results over a broad range of parameters. The results show that the major part of the cell transfer delay is coming from the propagation delay from a source to a destination. It is also observed that the throughput characteristic of the network depends upon the aggregated transmission capacity of the network.
CWDM Metropolitan Multiple-Access Ring Network Based on Optical Packet Witching
Photonic Network Communications, 2006
We present a novel CWDM metropolitan multipleaccess ring network based on optical switching of packets according to their wavelength. Each node within the MAN is identified by a combination of wavelength and numerical address. Hence, nodes are able to drop packets presenting a particular wavelength and numerical address, but can insert packets in any wavelength into the ring. This configuration allows wavelength sharing, as several nodes are identified by the same wavelength (but different numerical addresses), and simplifies switching requirements since the set of numerical addresses is reduced. We analyze the viability and scalability of such a network, determining the number of nodes supported by the network under different traffic scenarios and wavelength resources. The impact of switching time on network performance is also analyzed in order to determine which switching technology should be employed when implementing the network.
Analysis of metropolitan ring network based on optical packet switching
Here, we present a metropolitan multiple-access ring network based on optical switching over wavelength division multiplexing. An access point to connect local area networks to the metropolitan ring whose key component is an optical switch is introduced. Several simulations have been performed to study the performance of this network that show its viability for a particular set of standard conditions. Several parameters such as packet latency, traffic load or number of access points per wavelength have been analysed to establish the limitations of this architecture.
Computer Communications, 1997
For full utilization of the high transmission bandwidth of optical fiber, several optically transparent switching nodes have been proposed for use in photonic LANs, MANs or B-ISDN access networks. In the switching nodes, payload speed is transparent to optical speed while header speed remains at 155 Mbps or 622 Mbps for address processing by node control electronics. Another type of photonic packet switching node with optical signal processing for address detection supports higher header speed in packet transmission. In this paper, we analyze the performances of the optical ring networks which utilize the photonic packet switching nodes. A quantitative performance comparison study is carried out to observe the effect of header speed on the optical ring network performance. ᭧ 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Investigation of future optical metro ring networks based on 100-gigabit ethernet
2003
This paper reports results of a performance comparison for four optical ring network architectures envisaged for future metropolitan area networks (MANs), with particular emphasis on the design of and compatibility to possible 100-Gigabit-Metro-Ethernet (100GbME) standards. Both analytical and numerical modelling techniques were applied to quantify and compare network performance for all architectures in terms of achievable throughput, delay and the number of required wavelengths. Non-uniform traffic required additional resources and dynamic adaptation of the slotted ring architecture. The study also considered aspects of the physical transmission and interfaces (PHY) for consideration in 100GbME standards.
Journal of Optical Networking, 2004
A system of slotted interconnected rings employing a combination of wavelength-division multiple access (WDMA) with time-division multiple access (TDMA) can serve a metropolitan area without electro-optical conversion and buffering of payload except at system entry points. The multiple rings overcome the power budget limitations of the single ring extending the reach of the system to even the largest metropolitan areas, the WDM dimension provides flexibility and ease of evolution, and the TDMA dimension offers the efficiency of multiplexing gain particularly under bursty traffic. The system control information is transferred on a dedicated wavelength and is processed in the electrical domain at the ring nodes and the hub, which interconnects the rings. The algorithms control the access to each ring and the scheduling of slots among the rings, based on explicit reservations, to adapt efficiently to the fluctuating offered load. We present the design and hardware implementation of the access control algorithms for such a system built in the framework of the Information Society Technologies (IST) project DAVID (data and voice over DWDM).
Investigation of Future Optical Metro Ring Networks based on 100Gigabit Metro Ethernet (100GbME
This paper reports results of a performance comparison for four optical ring network architectures envisaged for future metropolitan area networks (MANs), with particular emphasis on the design of and compatibility to possible 100-Gigabit-Metro-Ethernet (100GbME) standards. Both analytical and numerical modelling techniques were applied to quantify and compare network performance for all architectures in terms of achievable throughput, delay and the number of required wavelengths. Non-uniform traffic required additional resources and dynamic adaptation of the slotted ring architecture. The study also considered aspects of the physical transmission and interfaces (PHY) for consideration in 100GbME standards.
Study of all optical metropolitan area networks
Computer Communications, 1993
In this work we show how new optical devices can improve network performance. The multiplexing technique mainly taken into consideration is TDM. We have considered two different network topologies: the first is a TDMA network where signal information is simultaneously broadcast to all users; the second is a multihop network. The first is useful mainly for circuit switching, while the second is useful for packet switching. To overcome bit rate limitation due to the fibre chromatic dispersion, soliton propagation is considered. In both the networks the multiplexing process is obtained by means of optical delay lines and couplers, while the demultiplexing process is obtained by means of optical logic AND gates, implemented by means of the process of the second harmonic generation in a KTP crystal. For the multihop network, the routing process is obtained at an optical level by means of soliton dragging gates. In the TDMA network all the user signals are multiplexed in an Optical central star, therefore each user receives signals from all the other users. The switching operation is directly obtained by optical demultiplexing. This network presents a total throughput of 130 Gbit/s corresponding to 200 users working at 625 Mbit/s. In the proposed multihop network, we consider nodes with two inputs and two outputs communicating at a bit rate equal to 50 Gbit/s. Furthermore, supposing that all the users work with pulses at the same optical frequency, using communication on different fibres, the total throughput, for 64 users, can reach the value of 1 Tbit/s.