New Cairo's Urban Dynamics: Redefining Gentrification as a Main Actor of Social Resilience (original) (raw)
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Adapting Geographies of Gentrification in Egypt: Lesson Learned from Fatimid Cairo and Heliopolis
Conservation of Architectural Heritage, 2019
Since the 1960s, gentrification has been confused with other urban notions such as upgrading and renewal, regardless of its economic and political perspectives, whereas it has been processing and evolving in urban neighborhoods, especially in the Western countries such as the USA and the UK, away from the developing countries. It took place also in other countries outside the core cities of gentrification. Researchers and urban planners agreed that to re-energize the study of gentrifi-cation is to focus on its 'geographies' which are super-gentrification, third-world immigration-the global city, black/ethnic minority gentrification-race and gen-trification, and livability/urban policy. To this point, the cultural diversity was omitted from the geography of gentrification, something that this paper will try to elaborate on and identify. Due to sociocultural differences between gentrification taking place in the developed world and that happening in the developing countries, the research suggests adding two new categories to the geographies of gentrification to reflect the specificities of Egypt. For instance, gentrification in Egypt is driven by other geographies of gentrification, namely historical-tourism gentrification and contracting/real estate gentrifi-cation. Thus, monitoring, observation, and analyzing of Heliopolis and Fatimid Cairo will be used to achieve the paper's main objective; to adapt the gentrification process with the Egyptian case studies, and to fill the gap in the gentrification literature regarding the geographies of gentrification in developing countries, the theme that will establish a new level of gentrification and open new field of research in Egypt. Therefore, urban planning will have a different valid scope in Egypt and provide decision makers with a new tool to develop and maintain the urban planning approaches in Egypt.
Gentrification Indicators in the Historic City of Cairo
Since, 1980s, academics used to deal with gentrification as a haphazard process. While on 2000s, gentrification is no longer perceived as a haphazard process but rather a planned process. As urban neighbourhoods exposed to gentrification, physical, economic, social and cultural changes take place. Gentrification can also process reversely named as "Degentrification". This paper tackles the problem of what Lee (1996) called "Geography of Gentrification", trying to understand the dilemma of how gentrification evolves within neighbourhoods. Moreover, this paper explores the application of the gentrification indicators developed by Kennedy, M., & Leonard, P. (April 2001) on the historic city of Cairo.
How can resilience influence gentrification for creating sustainable urban systems?
As urbanisation continues to attract more people to live in cities and as humans continue to be the dominant driving force of in the Anthropocene [2], longterm sustainability of cities and their resilience have become the focus of leading organisations such as the United Nations (UN), research institutions across the world, communities and mayors .
CAIRO RESILIENCE: CITY AS PERSONAL PRACTICE
Acknowledgements: We extend our gratitude to all the contributors for their voluntary time and valuable input in this project. In particular, we would like to thank the staff of GTZ-PDP Unit in Egypt who generously supplied us with data sources for the urban maps, former Greater Cairo Planning Director at the GOPP, and architects Hoda Edward and Mohamed Azzazy for providing background information on some of the case studies; and finally we would like to thank the young architect researchers at Shehayeb CONSULT for assisting in the research, photography and compilation of some of the material.
Urban Resilience as a Mitigating Mechanism of Urban Change: Insights from Two Case Studies
International Society for the Study of Vernacular Settlements
Urban change is inevitable and happens in cities and urban centers. Their land use is continuously modernized because of economic, social, political and demographic factors. However, urban resilience can provide opportunities for social interactions and plays a key role in the development of urban spaces and access to high-quality urban spaces. The link between the urban and regional aspects and social, economic, cultural, and political systems is that their characteristics are interconnected with those of urban resilience, and outer urban space can play a role in resilience through its ability to reconstruct a balanced environmental state after human intervention. Thus, urban resilience is one of the most appropriate ways to control the processes of urban change and absorb its consequences. This research examines urban resilience and its role in urban change. Its aim is to study urban resilience and its positive role in urban change, which affects the organization of a city and the...
In this paper, we propose to explore the impacts of revitalization projects on urban resilience using Gibson's concept of affordance and Van den Berg's concept of prestige-resilience, beginning with the assumption that actors involved in urban revitalization purposely seduce specific groups of users with the goal of ensuring the success of revitalization objectives. By modifying the affordance of spaces, revitalization projects participate in the social and cultural homogenization of users, influencing the perception of the quality of the living environment. In this project, we intend to study the capacity of a traditional population, living in a newly revitalized cultural district, to cope with the social and physical transformations of their living environment. In arguing the importance of better understanding traditional residents' individual experiences of urban revitalization, we will explore the potential contribution of a phenomenological approach in addressing th...
Introduction: towards a C21st global gentrification studies
Handbook of Gentrification Studies
This Handbook surveys the contemporary state of play of the gentrification studies literature, a body of work that now dominates both the sub-discipline of urban geography and also urban studies more generally. It does not set out to rehearse previous debates on the definition of 'gentrification' nor does it rehearse the well-worn battlegrounds over explanations (on these see Lees, Slater and Wyly, 2008, 2010); rather this book is a collection of chapters by both long-standing and up-and-coming researchers on gentrification that represents the latest in global thinking on this process. It provides critical reviews and appraisals of the current state of, and future development of, conceptual and theoretical approaches, as well as empirical knowledge and understanding in gentrification studies. It also seeks to encourage dialogue across disciplinary boundaries, for the contributors sit in and work across geography, sociology, anthropology, planning, policy, law, and so on. The book is divided into 5 parts: Part 1 looks at recent attempts to extend and rethink gentrification as a planetary process and condition, drawing on the 'new' comparative urbanism; and a more 'earthly' take that replaces old style complementarity in gentrification studies with relationalism. Part 2 reviews the key/core concepts that have dominated gentrification studies to date, including class, landscape, rent gaps, and displacement; adding spatial capital to this list, updating them conceptually and globalizing them. Part 3 looks at other social cleavages in addition to social class, including sexualities, age, ethnicity and gender, providing ideas on future research trajectories. The cross-cutting of social cleavages in addition to social class needs fresh and deeper empirical investigation; this book seeks to instigate such an agenda. Part 4 looks at some of the different types of gentrification, including slum gentrification, new-build gentrification, public housing gentrification, tourism gentrification, retail gentrification, gentle/soft gentrification, environmental/green gentrification, the cultural economy and gentrification, and wilderness/ rural gentrification. These types of gentrification all deserve attention in their own right but can also be read together. Part 5 contains chapters on living and resisting gentrification. Unlike in most gentrification books, this part takes seriously the complexities of living with gentrification, resistance to gentrification (all types and levels of resistance) but also key to this resistance-possible alternatives to gentrification. Here readers will find some of the most comprehensive reviews of resistance in the literature to date and real attempts to find alternatives to gentrification. Although the key users of the book are likely to be advanced undergraduates, postgraduate students, and international scholars of gentrification, the chapters also have real purchase for policy makers, planners, housing activists, and indeed everyday people for whom gentrification is an issue. It is now over 50 years since the British sociologist Ruth Glass coined the term 'gentrification' in 1964.