Genetic differentiation in the medicinal plant Artemisia judaica L. populations in Saint-Catherine area, South Sinai, Egypt (original) (raw)
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Genetic diversity among seven natural local populations of the aromatic shrubby herb; Artemisia judaica L. from different sites in South Sinai, Egypt has been investigated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. A total of 87 amplified bands, including 50 polymorphic, were scored using 10 selected RAPD primers, with an average of 8.7 amplified bands per primer and 57.47% polymorphism, indicating a marked genetic variation in the examined populations. The RAPD markers were used to calculate the similarity between the examined populations and construct a distance tree that illustrates the genetic distance between them. These data provide important baseline data for conservation and collection strategies for this species. Meanwhile more studies are recommended to determine the populations that should be sampled in ex-situation protection so as to retain as much genetic diversity as possible.
Genetic Diversity of Artemisia herba‑alba in Libyan Green Mountain
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Study of genetic polymorphism of Artemisia herba-alba from Tunisia using ISSR markers
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2008
Artemisia herba-alba is an herbaceous aromatic and therapeutic plant widely distributed in semi-arid regions of Tunisia and is potentially usable to restore degraded ecosystems. A study of genetic variation among 216 accessions was conducted using ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers to assess the polymorphism at the species level. A total of 60 polymorphic loci were scored using four primers revealing a high level of genetic polymorphism among A. herba-alba accessions. Correlation analysis revealed no direct relation between morphological traits, geographic distance and genetic distance. Correlogram analysis showed a patchy distribution of the genetic variability of A. herba-alba accessions revealing the contribution of local ecological and geographic conditions on variability.
Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 2012
The analysis of morphological variation and molecular polymorphism as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of ten populations of Artemisia monosperma and Artemisia judaica confirmed the differentiation of A. monosperma and A. judaica as two distinct species and showed wider variations among A. judaica populations compared to those of A. monosperma populations. Karyotype analysis revealed that all A. monosperma populations are tetraploid with 2n=36 and a basic number of x=9, while all samples of A. judaica are diploid with 2n=16 and x=8. Like most other species of Artemisia both species have symmetric karyotype but the chromosomes of A. monosperma are generally shorter and three populations of this species have a B chromosome. The populations of A. judaica growing in the mountains of Sinai were clearly distinguished from other populations growing at lower elevations in other parts of Egypt based on morphological differences. However, these two populations differ in chromosome length being 4.85±0.42 μm for those growing in wadi beds and 3.81±0.28 μm for the population growing on the terraces. The latter population is clearly distinguished by RAPD profiling from the other four populations supporting the recognition of some populations of A. judaica in South Sinai as a separate variety.
Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment
Artemisia herba-alba Asso.(locally known as A'Shih) is a medicinal plant which is found under natural habitats in a wide range of environmental and climatic conditions of Jordan. Genetic variations and chemical compositions among and within the population of Artemisia herba-alba Asso. were studied in Jordan using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Four regions, namely Al-Shoubak, Al-Tafileh, Madaba and Al-Mafraq, were selected to study the variability among collected populations. Based on the presence of Artemisia herba-alba species, three monitoring areas were selected within the four regions in 2009. For RAPD molecular analysis purposes, five DNA samples were used per each population to study the genetic variability among and within A. herba-alba populations. Four primers were used based on the RAPD technique, which revealed a total number of 930 bands among which 117 are polymorphic. High polymorphism among studied popula...
Plant Systematics and Evolution, 2012
The analysis of morphological variation and RAPD polymorphism distinguished populations of A. herba alba from populations of A. judaica and A. monosperma. Higher morphological diversity is found in A. herba alba compared to the other two species, but molecular data derived from RAPD polymorphism also indicated that A. herba alba is more polymorphic than the other two species. However, RAPD fingerprinting also indicated sharp polymorphism among populations of both A. judaica and A. monosperma. Geographic and local ecological variations related to elevation of the sites of the examined populations may be regarded to have played a role in the genetic diversity of the examined populations of Artemisia species in the study area. The results are important for future plans for sustainable conservation of medicinal plants in Saudi Arabia. However, extensive sampling of the examined Artemisia species populations is required, and more regional data should be obtained from other distribution areas.
Genetic diversity of Artemisia
The analysis of morphological variation and RAPD polymorphism distinguished populations of A. herba alba from populations of A. judaica and A. monosperma. Higher morphological diversity is found in A. herba alba compared to the other two species, but molecular data derived from RAPD polymorphism also indicated that A. herba alba is more polymorphic than the other two species. However, RAPD fingerprinting also indicated sharp polymorphism among populations of both A. judaica and A. monosperma. Geographic and local ecological variations related to elevation of the sites of the examined populations may be regarded to have played a role in the genetic diversity of the examined populations of Artemisia species in the study area. The results are important for future plans for sustainable conservation of medicinal plants in Saudi Arabia. However, extensive sampling of the examined Artemisia species populations is required, and more regional data should be obtained from other distribution areas.
Evaluating the genetic diversity of Artemisia sieberi Besser from Iran using ISSR molecular markers
Research Square (Research Square), 2024
Artemisia sieberi is a valuable medicinal plant that is widespread in the Qom region of Iran. In order to assess the genetic diversity of this species, a total of 20 populations were collected and analyzed using 10 ISSR molecular marker primers. The ISSR analysis resulted in the detection of 133 bands, with 68 being polymorphic and 65 being monomorphic. The average percentage of polymorphism across the 10 primers was calculated to be 52.92%. The overall genetic diversity was found to be partitioned with 42% within populations and 58% between populations. The populations of Abbas Abad and Separ Rostam exhibited the highest level of polymorphism (28.57%) in areas characterized by hot and dry climates. Conversely, the populations of Avel and Karkesh displayed the lowest level of polymorphism (7.52% and 9.02%, respectively) in areas with relatively moderate and humid climates. The genetic similarity matrix, based on the Nie index, revealed a range of population similarity from 0.607 to 0.934 among the 20 Artemisia sieberi populations, indicating a high level of genetic diversity within the Qom province. The genetic diversity of Artemisia sieberi has likely facilitated population adaptation to various ecological conditions, warranting further investigation.
Artemisia annua is an important medicinal plant valued all over the world. Genetic characterization of 20 genotypes of A. annua collected from two valleys viz. Nubra (9,600 ft) and Leh (11,500 ft) of the Trans-Himalayan (Ladakh, India) region were analyzed using 37 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers (20 random amplification of polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid. (RAPDs) and 17 inter simple sequence repeats) (ISSRs). RAPD analysis yielded 124 polymorphic fragments (96.9%), with an average of 6.2 polymorphic fragments per primer. ISSR analysis produced 85 bands, of which 78 were polymorphic (86.1%), with an average of 4.58 polymorphic fragments per primer. The primers based on (CT) n produced maximum number of bands (nine) while, (AT) n and many other motifs gave no amplification. The genetic diversity was high among the genotypes (Nei’s genetic diversity = 0.336 and Shannon’s information index = 0.495) as measured by combination of both RAPD and ISSR markers. The mean coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.145, indicating 85.5% of the genetic diversity resided within the genotypes. RAPD markers were found more efficient with respect to polymorphism detection, as they detected 96.9% in comparison to 86.1% for ISSR markers. It was found that the genetic diversity among genotypes from Nubra valley was narrow than that of Leh valley, suggesting the importance and feasibility of introducing elite genotypes from different origins for Artemisia germplasm conservation and breeding programs.
2011
Artemisia annua is an important medicinal plant valued all over the world. Genetic characterization of 20 genotypes of A. annua collected from two valleys viz. Nubra (9,600 ft) and Leh (11,500 ft) of the Trans-Himalayan (Ladakh, India) region were analyzed using 37 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) markers (20 random amplification of polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid. (RAPDs) and 17 inter simple sequence repeats) (ISSRs). RAPD analysis yielded 124 polymorphic fragments (96.9%), with an average of 6.2 polymorphic fragments per primer. ISSR analysis produced 85 bands, of which 78 were polymorphic (86.1%), with an average of 4.58 polymorphic fragments per primer. The primers based on (CT) n produced maximum number of bands (nine) while, (AT) n and many other motifs gave no amplification. The genetic diversity was high among the genotypes (Nei's genetic diversity = 0.336 and Shannon's information index = 0.495) as measured by combination of both RAPD and ISSR markers. The mean coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) was 0.145, indicating 85.5% of the genetic diversity resided within the genotypes. RAPD markers were found more efficient with respect to polymorphism detection, as they detected 96.9% in comparison to 86.1% for ISSR markers. It was found that the genetic diversity among genotypes from Nubra valley was narrow than that of Leh valley, suggesting the importance and feasibility of introducing elite genotypes from different origins for Artemisia germplasm conservation and breeding programs.