New Research Supports a Modification of Samuel Eliot Morison’s Theory Concerning Columbus’s Inter-Island Route Through the Bahamas (original) (raw)

Abstract: Christopher Columbus’s first voyage to the Americas may qualify as history’s most significant exploration. Despite this imposing status, debate persists regarding the first four islands visited during the month of October 1492. A myriad of studies have provided a multitude of possibilities, seemingly ad nauseam. That said, there is a need to revisit this debate. For seven decades many historians have concluded that Samuel Eliot Morison has provided the most cogent theory regarding the identity of these islands. Those same decades have led to complacency regarding the many inconsistencies between Morison’s theory, information provided by Columbus’s log, and the actual geography of the Bahamas. New resources are applied in an attempt to resolve these inconsistencies. They provide alternative interpretations to several passages within the Las Casas transcription of Columbus’s log. Although continuing to support a number of Morison’s conjectures, these alternative interpretations reject Morison’s choice of Rum Cay as Columbus’s second island, instead supporting Samana Cay for that position. This proposed change to Morison’s theory, of itself, is not as important, however, as it is to continuously challenge historical theories that appear incomplete or incorrect.

An Examination of the Geography of Three Major Contenders for Columbus's First Landfall, in 1492

Terrae Incognitae, 1991

At its simplest level the landfall debate can bc broken down into three separate elements: the transAtlantic crossing; the nature of the landfall island; and the passage from Guanahani to Cuba. It is the intcntion of this study to confine itself to the geographical issues relevant to the first landfall, but including thc navigation and seaman_ ship involved in approaching it. The three islands undcr investigation are San Salvador (once called Watlings Island) Samana Cay (once called Atwood Cay) and Grand Turk (Figure 1). In this instance the first issue conccrns the navigational approach to the island, and the first sightings of land from the sea. Wc are told that Columbus approached Guanahani at night, stcering a westerly course,r and thcre is reason to believe the wind was from the east or north east. They saw the land about 5-6 miles away at night, and according to Oviedo, many islcts *ere seen about Guanahani, and they were called White islands because of their appearance.

William F. Keegan a Corinne L. Hofman. The Caribbean before Columbus . 2017. Oxford a New York: Oxford University Press, 978-0-19-060525-4 $35

Antiquity, 2018

The result is an uneasy linkage of different topics, beginning with an excellent account of the historical end-point of the hiri as described by various European observers, then moving to a comprehensive review of previous archaeological research in Papua. The bulk of the book—11 chapters and some 350 pages—is concerned with reporting the 13 excavations from the Kouri Lowlands. It is not readily apparent how most of these chapters/sites relate to either the hiri or maritime trade, especially as the authors specifically allow that prehistoric pottery may have been locally made. This is unlikely for several reasons and will be resolved by sourcing studies, yet to be undertaken. For many readers, the final three interpretive chapters will be of most interest, although the last of these moves away from the Papuan south coast to encompass most of the ethnographic maritime trading systems circling Papua New Guinea, and to argue again for a Lapita genesis.

Remote cays and the pre-Columbian colonisation of The Bahamas

Antiquity, 2018

Recent research investigating the origins of Bahama archipelago habitation conducted archaeological surveys on the remote Bahamian Guinchos Cay and Cay Lobos. A complete lack of prehistoric evidence, however, suggests that they played no significant role in the colonisation of The Bahamas.

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