Церашкова, К.С. Асаблівасці прававога статусу мяшчан Беларусі (канец XVIII – пачатак ХХ ст.) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Церашкова, К.С. Трансфармацыя прававога статусу мяшчан Расійскай імперыі (канец XVIII – пачатак ХХ ст.) / К.С.Церашкова // Веснік БДУ. Серыя 3: Гіст. Экан. Права. – 2013. − №2. – С.3 – 7. Tserashkova, K.S. Transformation of the legal status of the meshchanie of the Russian Empire (late XVIII − beginning of XX century) / K.S. Tserashkova // Bulletin of the BSU. Series 3: History. Economy. Right. − 2013. − №2. − P.3–7. The analysis of the features of the process of transformation of the Russian Empiremeschanie legal status is based on the study of the sources of legislation of the late 18 − early 20 century. The basic rights and obligations of the meschanie are considered, special attention being paid to the changes in the legal status of the meschanie which occurred in the late 19 − early 20 century. The conclusion is that in spite of the tsarist autocracy’s desire to preserve estate structure of the society, including dependence of the legal status on the social status of an individual in terms of the society modernization there was gradual leveling of the social status factor, which lost value of the main characteristics of the social status. Crucial in the process among other events was taxation reforming, the basis of which by the end of the 19 century served not the estates principle but property qualification. Key words: legislation; legal status; social status; meschanie; estate structure; society modernization; social stratification; basic rights and obligations; legislative reforming; taxation reforming.
УКУ, 2019
Women's history in Hrodna has not been studied yet. Because of it the topic is actual in historiography. Limited sources connected with women's history have survived at the present moment. Practically they present family life of women. Dominated role belonged to a man in a patriarchal society and the secondary to a woman. It confirms by law and judicial practice. The woman had the right to obtain property by inheritance, transfer it to her heirs, sell, and buy. But all property operations realized under control. Female participation in the craft and trade was not huge. Women could not participate in management system of a town.
Церашкова, К.С. Мяшчанскае землеўладанне на тэрыторыі Беларусі (1860-я гг. – пачатак ХХ ст.)
Церашкова, К.С. Мяшчанскае землеўладанне на тэрыторыі Беларусі (1860-я гг. – пачатак ХХ ст.) / К.С. Церашкова // Часопіс Беларускага дзяржаўнага ўніверсітэта. Гісторыя. − 2017. − № 2. − С. – 48 – 53. Tserashkova, K.S. Meshchanie's land tenure on the territory of Belarus (1860s − beginning of XX century) / K.S. Tserashkova // Journal of the Belarusian State University. History. − 2017. − № 2. − P.48–53. Peculiarities of land properties of meshchanie on the territory of Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces from 1860s until the beginning of the XX century are analyzed on the basis of studies of legal and statistical sources. Land legislation of the Russian Empire as well as basic rights of meshchanie and their peculiarities in Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces depending on their confession are studied. Quantity of landlords among meshchanie is calculated as well as areas of their lands, percentage of this population category and their assets in the total structure of land ownership in the region. The main conclusion is that an important characteristic of «meshchanie’s» land assets is the trend of growth of their land assets as well as concentration of a large part of large and medium-sized land assets. Key words: meshchanie; land ownership; meshchanie land ownership; modernization of society; census of land; legislation; internal policy; confession factor; Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces; the Russian Empire.
Церашкова, К.С. Мяшчанскае домаўладанне і землекарыстанне на тэрыторыі Беларусі (1860-я гг. – пачатак ХХ ст.) / К.С. Церашкова // Часопіс Беларускага дзяржаўнага ўніверсітэта. Гісторыя. − 2018. − № 1. − С. 59 – 64. Tserashkova, K.S. Meshchanie's home ownership and land use on the territory of Belarus (1860s − beginning of XX century) / K.S. Tserashkova // Journal of the Belarusian State University. History. − 2018. − № 1. − P.59–64. On the basis of legislative and office administration sources, peculiarities of meshchanie house ownership and use of land on the territory of Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces from the 1860s until the beginning of the XX century are analyzed. Specificity of governmental policy regarding house ownership and land use of meshchanie are defined. Structure of meshchanie real estate and its price is found, trends for increase of real estate role as a tax object and budget revenue source is proved. System of rented land use is studied as well as legislation and practice of renting urban land parts into temporary use by meshchanie. A conclusion is made that the limits in real estate use in cities and towns was defined by state law of property for the lands, where living and economic buildings of meshchanie were built, and a short term of land use. Key words: meshchanie; house ownership; use of land; rent; census of land; legislation; modernization of society; internal policy; Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces; the Russian Empire.
Церашкова, К.С. Мяшчане ў сацыяльна-эканамічным развіцці Беларусі (1861−1914 гг.): аўтарэф. дыс. …канд. гіст. навук : 07.00.02 / К.С. Церашкова; ДНУ «Інстытут гісторыі НАН Беларусі». − Минск, 2016. – 28 с. Tserashkova, K.S. The meshchanie in the context of social and economic development of Belarus (1861−1914): dissertation summary for the degree of Candidate of Historical Sciences: 07.00.02 / K.S. Tserashkova; SSI “Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus”. − Minsk, 2016. − 28 p. For the first time in the Belarusian and Lithuanian historiography the specifics of the social, legal and economic situation of the meshchanie (unprivileged inhabitants of cities and towns) of the six Belarusian-Lithuanian provinces are revealed, its features of transformation, social and territorial mobility, migration, economic activity in the conditions of modernization processes are defined. Key words: meschanie, society class structure, legal status, class-specific rights, social mobility, ethnic and religious structure, structure of used languages, landowning, industry, trade, economic development.
Судовая сістэма на тэрыторыі Беларусі ў 1797–1840 гг.
Журнал Белорусского государственного университета. История, 2020
Даследуецца судовая сістэма, якая дзейнічала на тэрыторыі Беларусі ў 1797–1840 гг., гэта значыць у перыяд ад пераўтварэнняў Паўла І да скасавання Мікалаем І мясцовых асаблівасцей у сферы правасуддзя і ўкаранення расійскай мадэлі судаўладкавання і судаводства. У гэты час судовая сістэма краю значна адрознівалася ад той, якая існавала ва ўнутраных губернях імперыі. Яна сумяшчала ў сабе мясцовую судова-прававую традыцыю часоў Вялікага Княства Літоўскага і Рэчы Паспалітай і нормы расійскага заканадаўства. Дадзеная судовая сістэма дзейнічала, хаця і з некаторымі зменамі, больш за тры дзесяцігоддзі, пакуль пад уплывам паўстання 1830–1831 гг. самадзяржаўе не перайшло да ліквідацыі мясцовых асаблівасцей у судова-прававой сферы. The article presents the study of the judicial system that operated on the territory of Belarus from 1797–1840, i. e., from the time of Paul I reforms to the abolition of local features in the sphere of justice by Nikolai I and the introduction of the Russian model of judicial system and legal proceedings. At this time, the judicial system of the region was significantly different from that in the inner provinces of the empire. In this judicial system, retaining of the local judicial legal tradition of the times of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was combined with the use of Russian law. This judicial system has been operating, albeit with some changes, for more than 3 decades, while under the influence of the anti-Russian uprising of 1830–1831 the autocracy did not proceed to eliminate local features in the judicial sphere. This judicial system has operated, albeit with some changes, for more than 3 decades – until when under the influence of the uprising of 1830–1831 the autocracy proceed to eliminate local features in the judicial sphere. Исследуется судебная система, которая действовала на территории Беларуси в 1797–1840 гг., т. е. в период от преобразований Павла I до упразднения Николаем I местных особенностей в сфере правосудия, внедрения российской модели судоустройства и судопроизводства. В это время судебная система края заметно отличалась от той, которая существовала во внутренних губерниях Российской империи. Она совмещала в себе местную судебно-правовую традицию времен Великого княжества Литовского и Речи Посполитой и нормы российского законодательства. Данная судебная система действовала, хотя и с некоторыми изменениями, более трех десятилетий, пока под влиянием восстания 1830–1831 гг. самодержавие не перешло к ликвидации местных особенностей в судебно-правовой сфере.
2018
This paper tells that the county gentry assemblies (dietines, Belarus. sojmiki or Pol. sejmiki) of the Novogorodok and Slonim districts of the Novogorodok Voivodship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania have repeatedly used the right of legislative initiative. In Interregnum 1587, the Novogorodok sojmik (pre-diet dietine) initiated the amendments to a number of articles of the draft Third Statute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which determined what should be called the insulting of the Royal Majesty’s, the legal responsibility for its commission and the procedure for judicial review of such cases (art. 2–5 of chapter I).This could affect not only their final wording, but also the development and adoption of art. 2 of the Diet’s Constitutions of the Coronation Diet (Belarus. sojm, sjem or sejm, Pol. sejm) of 1588. In 1601 and 1607, the Novogorodok sojmik initiated the adoption of Diet’s constitutions, which amended the text of art. 46 of chapter IV of the Third Statute of the Grand Duch...