Science, technology and innovation in the Brazilian State of São Paulo: the need for public policies for region-based development (original) (raw)
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The Brazilian state of São Paulo has a remarkable capacity in science, technology and innovation (ST&I), holding important universities, research institutions, funding agencies and enterprises' research and development centers. The expenditure on research and development (R&D) in São Paulo reached in 2013 1.63% of the state's Gross Domestic Product (approximately R$22 billion). During the last fifteen years new public policies aiming to promote innovation were established in Brazil. The Brazilian Innovation Law (Law 10.973 of 2004) was a milestone in the building process of a national system of innovation. Besides the federal Law, the states and federal district also are in charge to legislate on ST&I. The state of São Paulo enacted its innovation law (SP Law 1.049 of 2008), which essentially focus on strengthening the rules of the arrangement of technological parks and productive local systems, as well as stimulating the interaction between public researcher and entrepreneur and innovative activities and also disseminating the options of financing and subsidies to innovate. Although the robustness of São Paulo innovation system and the innovation laws in force, there are still bottlenecks to overcome in the São Paulo innovation system. This study aims to analyze key data and information concerning the São Paulo innovation system. Our investigation is supported by two theoretical approaches of the national system of innovation and of the demand-side polices. Our method is based on a descriptive and documental analysis, from the data and information available by governmental agencies, ministries and institutes. Our results suggest that the review of public policies on ST&I shall emphasize the demand side combined with the state capacities in turn.
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