Agricultural Economics Research ReviewCommercial Goat Farming in India:An EmergingAgri-Business Opportunity (original) (raw)

Commercial Goat Farming in India: An Emerging Agri-Business Opportunity

The status, economics and prospects of commercialization of goat production in the country have been analyzed using primary data from 18 commercial goat farms in different states. It has been revealed that several large and progressive farmers, businessman and industrialists have adopted commercial goat farming. The entry of large farmers, who have better access to technical knowledge, resources and market, into this activity would help in realizing the potential of goat enterprise. A majority of commercial goat farms have been found operating with positive net returns. Goat rearing has been found equally rewarding under both intensive and semi-intensive systems of management. Intensification and commercialisation of goat enterprise has been recorded important because of shrinking of resources for extensive grazing. Commercialisation would help in increasing the goat productivity and bridging the demand-supply gap. However, use of improved technologies, particularly prophylaxis, superior germ plasm, low cost feeds and fodders, and innovative marketing of the produce would be the pre-conditions for successful commercial goat production.

Scope of commercial goat farming in India

the pharma innovation journal, 2022

Background: Goat production is a basic element of the farming system and a significant source of rural livelihood for poor villagers. Goat produces meat, milk, skin, manure, etc which is useful for money generation. Commercial Goat Farming is defined as goat rearing under intensive and semi-intensive systems for commercial production. Commercial goat farming has emerged as important drivers of agricultural growth in India. Commercial goat farming has a huge opportunity in rural development as goat has the potential for export of products, capital storage, household income and employment. Method: There were a total of eight literatures available that studied commercial goat farming in India. Those eight literatures were collect form book, thesis reports, and research papers. The literature covered different areas of commercial goat farming of different state of India, so the literature were divided on the basis of five different areas like entrepreneurial behavior index of commercial goat farming, criteria of price fixation, economics analysis, marketing channel, and constraints. Also, collect the information on the different schemes provided by the different state governments for promoting commercial goat farming in their respective state through their respective website. Finding: It was observed that there were 34 goat breeds were registered according to a different zone of India. It was found that commercial goat farmers adopt scientific management practices like housing practices, vaccination schedules, and feeding practices to improve the farm's economy. It was also observed that commercial goat farmers were also involved in multiple occupations. Farmers fix the price of goats on the basis of weight, kids' age, body conformation, and breed. It was observed that a commercial goat farm is profitable as compared to a traditional goat farm. There were five types of marketing channels mainly used for meat and rearing purposes. Most of the farmers prefer channel I, farmers to farmers for the marketing of goats due to no transportation cost and high market efficiency. It was observed that major constraints faced by commercial goat farmers were lack of veterinary services, lack of unorganized goat market, and non-availability of breeding bucks. There are a few schemes provided by the different state governments to promote and support commercial goat farming in India.

Commercialization of Goat Farming and Marketing of Goats in India

2007

The goats have become steadily important in the rural economy particularly in the arid, semi-arid and mountainous regions of the country. At present the population of goats in India is more than 124 million. It accounts for more than 25% of the total livestock population in the country and contributes Rs. 1,06,335 million annually to the national economy and provides food and nutrition security to the millions of marginal and small farmers and agricultural labourers. However, the productivity of small ruminants is low because they are maintained under extensive system on natural vegetation on degraded common grazing lands and tree lopping. Therefore, rearing of goats under intensive and semi-intensive system using improved technologies will be crucial for realizing their full potential. Responding to the market signals the goat production system has been slowly moving from extensive to intensive system of management. However, in the absence of any systematic study there have been questions from the entrepreneurs, progressive farmers and even researchers on economic viability and sustainability of commercial goat farming under intensive system. Moreover, the efficient marketing and remunerative prices of output are the prerequisite for the development of any enterprise. The marketing of goats, which is totally unorganized, has been least studied. Hence a research Project entitled "commercialization of goat farming and marketing of goats in India" was undertaken in this institute with funding from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi as an ICAR Ad-hoc research scheme. The Project has generated comprehensive information on understanding the emerging commercial goat production system, economic viability, prospects and constraints of commercial goat farming in the country. This information would be useful in making appropriate developmental strategy for commercialization of goat farming as well as prioritizing research. The information generated on marketing of goats right from the villages to terminal markets and exports and from butchers and slaughterhouses to meat consumers would again be very useful in formulating policy interventions for improving the goat marketing in the country. The information generated in the Project will thus be useful to all those engaged in the development of goat sector in the country. The project has directly contributed in strengthening the linkages among the commercial goat farmers. The Principal Investigator has worked successfully for accomplishment of the objectives of the Project and deserves praise and appreciation. I wish to congratulate the research workers for their good work and successful completion of the Project.

ECONOMICS OF GOAT PRODUCTION IN TWO SUB-REGIONS OF WEST BENGAL

The study of economics of goat production was carried out three hundred seventy six (376 nos) Black Bengal goats in two sub-regions of West Bengal. The two sub regions are GFP (Gangetic Flood Plane) and CFP (Coastal Flood Plane). The information pertaining to the present study was collected from two hundred ninety three (293 nos) goat farmers by participatory and rapid rural appraisal techniques in repeated interactions. The group receiving compound feed along with broken wheat & maize combination attained maximum growth i.e. 13.34 kg followed by growth in Compound Concentrate Feed & Broken Wheat; Compound Concentrate Feed, Broken Wheat & Rice; Compound Concentrate Feed; Broken Wheat & Rice bran and Broken Rice & Rice bran was 12.84, 12.66, 12.28, 12.08 &11.71 kg, respectively.

A Study on Annual Expenditure and Income from Goat Farming in Kerala

JOURNAL OF EXTENSION EDUCATION

A study on goat farmers from three districts of Kerala viz., Kannur, Kozhikode and Malappuram districts was carried out to study the annual expenditure and income from goat farming under field condition in Northern Kerala. Study revealed that small flock size (16-45) got the highest net return per goat per annum. The net return worked out to be Rs. 1748, 2374, 2960, 2258 and 1602 per goat /annum, respectively. The net profit (per goat/annum) increases and reaches a maximum point and again decreases with the increase of flock sizes due to inadequate nutrition and management practices by larger goat keepers. B:C ratio also showed a similar pattern of change with flock size. Selling of goats was the major source of income followed by milk, manures and urine. In the present study, shrinking of grazing resources, lack of good quality breeding stocks improper management practices, high and labour cost were found to be the major constraints in making the goat farming more remunerative. Therefore, rearing of goat cannot sustain only on grazing resources and cut fodder and needs to switch over to systematic commercial goat farming systems via., semi-intensive / intensive system of management. Recurring cost need to be curtailed by adopting mechanization and modernization especially in large farms and also cultivating fodder and formulating and preparing concentrate in the farm itself.

ECONOMICS OF HOUSEHOLD MALABARI GOAT FARMING IN NORTHERN REGION OF KERALA

A study was undertaken to evaluate the economics on household goat farming in Malabar Region of Kerala. Kerala from a total of 360 randomly selected goat farmers 60 each from all the six centres were selected for the study. The result revealed that the literacy rate of the head of the small ruminant breeder house hold was 96 %. The average land holding size was 24.1 cent. The average goat flock size was four. The gross income of goat farming was constituted by sale of animals (67.26 %), milk (32.23 %) and manure (0.51 %). The corresponding net return per goat was Rs. 711.75 with benefit-cost ratio of 1.49, respectively. The net returns generally decreased with increase in size of holding.

Economic Analysis of Goat Enterprises in Kathmandu District

Economic Analysis of Goat Enterprises in Kathmandu District, 2023

This study was conducted in Kathmandu district to perform comparative economic analysis of small and commercial goat enterprises. In the study the average annual return from large enterprises was found to be six times greater than that of small enterprises. The average annual fixed cost of small enterprises was found to be one tenth of that of commercial goat enterprises. The total average annual variable cost of small enterprises was found comparatively less than that of commercial enterprises, which is more than five times less. The per unit goat cost for the small enterprises is also twenty-five hundred less than that of commercial enterprises. The gross profit per year of small enterprise was around sixty thousand rupees with 9.5% gross profit margin ratio while in commercial goat enterprises gross profit per year accounted almost 4 lakhs with gross profit margin ratio 10.45%. Similarly, the average benefit cost ratios for small and commercial enterprises were found similar i.e. 1.10 and 1.12 but break even points varied widely as 18.36% and 56% respectively. The study concluded that there is no significant difference in production costs and income among small and commercial goat enterprises present in Kathmandu district testing at 5% level of significance. It also reveals positive aspects of small goat enterprises and at the same time suggests low functional efficiency of commercial goat enterprises in Katmandu district.

Goat marketing system in Rajasthan

Goat marketing system in Rajasthan, India and related development issues have been analysed in the paper. The study in its sample covered a total of 120 goat keeping households with 60 each from Ajmer and Jaipur districts from eastern semiarid zone of Rajasthan along with 15 goat traders and 10 butchers. The farmers were not raising the male kids up to the economic age of slaughter. The share of kids of <3 months age (mostly male) was highest (39 percent) in the total sale of live goats by the farmers in a year. The farmers’ participation in the livestock market was very low. The sale of goats from farmers to different buyers in the village itself accounted for more than 75 percent of the total sale of live goats and only about 25 percent of the surplus goats were sold in the livestock markets. The goat marketing was characterized by high middlemen’s margin, pricing inefficiency, poor participation of farmers in the market, considerable transit losses, lack of access to market in...

An economic analysis of goat rearing in Kohistan district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

This study was conducted in order to assess the financial viability of goats rearing in district Kohistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the year 2012-13. The average per flock per annum cost incurred for large flock size was Rs. 603883.16 and for small size was Rs. 664920.69. Resultantly, annual net return was estimated Rs. 78477.13 for small group and Rs. 277440.0 for large group. The NPV was observed to be positive (considering interest rate of 14.5 percent as per ZTBL charges for livestock enterprises) for both large and small flock size as Rs.165704.83 and Rs. 34990.09, respectively. B/C-ratio was found greater than one (1.29 in case of small and 1.45 in case of large groups). Finally, the IRR value 29.65 percent in case of small group and 46 percent in case of large group was greater than the required rate of return which supports the financial viability of the enterprise.

A Review on Current Scenario of Goat Population and Production in Rajasthan, India

Uttar Pradesh journal of zoology, 2024

The present assessment focuses on the goat industry in Rajasthan, with an emphasis on population and productivity. In India, the goat industry produces 1.21 million tons of goat meat (13.8%), 0.18 million tons of skins, and 6.26 million tons of milk (3%). Goats make up 50% of the total livestock population in Rajasthan and are the dominant species. As of 2019, there were 20.84 million goats in Rajasthan, which represents a 3.81% decrease from the previous census in 2012. Rajasthan produced a total of 3.10 million tons of goat milk and 95.23 thousand tons of goat meat in 2022-2023. The purpose of this review is to shed light on the current goat situation in Rajasthan and encourage entrepreneurship to establish more goat farms to improve the economic status of goat farmers in the region.