PREVALENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN OF BACTERIA CAUSING POSTOPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS IN PORT-SUDAN (original) (raw)
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North American journal of medical sciences, 2012
Postoperative nosocomial infections remain a major problem in health care facilities, resulting in extended length of stay, substantial morbidity and mortality, high excess of cost, and less frequent cause of death in the surgical patient. Aims: To determine the prevalence of aerobic nosocomial pathogens among patients with postoperative wound infections at Gadarif state which located in Eastern part of Sudan. Materials and Methods: 109 wound swabs were collected from patients who had developed postoperative wound infection. Conventional technique for isolation of bacteria was applied with analytical profile index (API system) for identification to confirm primary and secondary isolates. Antibiotics susceptibility was applied for all isolated bacteria. Results: Aerobic bacterial isolates were S. aureus (n=55, 55.0%), P. mirabilis (n=35, 35.0%), E. coli (n=5, 5.0%), Ps. aeruginosa (n=3, 3.0%), and Pr. vulgaris (n=2, 2.0%). The prevalence rate of hospital acquired infection were 25.23% Conclusion: The highest prevalence rate of nosocomial postoperative wound infection, in Sudan was due to poor antibiotic selection, for prophylaxis during and after surgery and increased level of contamination in most part of the hospital.
Postoperative Wound Infections and the Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Baghdad Hospitals
Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)
Nosocomial infections are one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in hospitals. These are major public health problems worldwide, but particularly in developing countries. The purpose of this research was to analyze the frequency of the microorganisms in the specimens taken from the surgical wounds, and to examine antimicrobial susceptibility for some isolates . Wound swabs were examined from June 2010 to January 2011. The isolates were identified by conventional methods, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per NCCLS guidelines.A total of 102 wound swabs were examined 22(21.56%) swabs were sterile and 80(78.43%) were positive for microorganisms. The results showed 27.2% positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 25.0% positive for Coagulase positive Staphylococci, 20.0% positive for Enterococcus spp., 17.5% positive for Escherichia coli,15.0% positive for Klebsiella pneumonia,13.7% for Proteus mirabilis,and10.0% fo...
Universal journal of pharmaceutical research, 2023
Background and objectives: Cutaneous wounds are a common symptom in human medical practice. Understanding the physiology of the wound healing process and using the right therapeutic intervention are necessary for managing the existing healing in wound patients. Infection can cause wounds to take longer to heal, cosmetic surgery outcomes to be less satisfactory, and medical expenses to rise. Due to the dearth of studies in Yemen and other Arabic-nations that describe the different forms, locations, and current understanding of the bacterial causes of wound infection. So, general care hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen, undertook a study to identify the different types, locations, and prevalence of wound contamination caused by various bacteri a, as well as to examine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of wound-isolated bacteria. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 699 wound patients with clinically diagnosed wound infections at NCPHL during the years 2021-2022. Pus and wound swab samples were processed using standard microbiological procedures at NCPHL. A modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique was used to investigate the susceptibility of bacteria to various antibiotics. From pre-questionnaire and laboratory records of the NCPHL, clinical information about patients was gathered, including the types and locations of wounds. Results: Out of 699 samples, 580 (82.98%) were positive for bacterial cultures. The most common wound was postoperative (30.8%), followed by diabetic foot ulcer (24.5%), traumatic wound (18.7%) and bullet wound (16.9%), while it was less frequent for caesarean section (5.7%) and sharp cut (2%). The present study revealed that Gram-negative bacteria were less frequent than Gram-positive bacteria (43.3% vs. 56.7%). Also gram-positive bacteria show a very high percentage (92.1%) of multidrug resistant (MDR) in compared to gram-negative bacteria (37.8%). Conclusion: In the current study's wound bacteriological profile, Staphylococcus aureus was shown to be highly prevalent, followed by Escherichia coli, S. epidermidis (CoNS), Acinobacter spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Their sensitivity to widely used antibiotics showed a pattern of decline. It is crucial to be informed of the current bacterial profile trend and to adjust the antibiotic schedule in accordance with sensitivity.
Al-Razi University Journal of Medical Sciences , 2021
Background: The rapid development of pathogenic bacteria resistant to a common antibiotic is becoming the most serious health problem for healthcare workers and the community. Aims: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial susceptibility profiles of isolated pathogenic bacteria from wound infections among patients attending some government hospitals in Sana'a City, Yemen. Methods: Two hundred and seventy-eight swab specimens were collected from patients' wound infections from November 2020 to February 2021. The required data were obtained by using the designed questionnaire. The identification of isolated pathogenic bacteria was performed by using standard microbiological methods. Also, antibiotic susceptibility tests were determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: It was found that only 62.95% and 37.05% of cases, respectively, were positive and negative growth recorded in culture media. A higher rate of bacterial infection was found among the age group of 41-50 years (60.53%), males (37.87%), patients living in rural areas (40.62%), having wound infection in the foot (75.67%), hospitalized for two weeks (73.01%), from hospital inpatient (66.50%), with diabetic foot ulcers (73.68%), and not using antibiotics (65.71%). The most frequent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (42.45%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.14%), Escherichia coli (13.06%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.24%), Streptococcus pyogenes (8.57%), Klebsiella sp. (3.27%), Enterobacter sp. (1.63%), Acinetobacter sp. and P. mirabilis (0.82% for each). Most bacteria isolates were showed high resistance to common antibiotics. Conclusion: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among wound patients may be representing the health-threatening in upcoming years. Therefore, it is important to implementation periodic surveillance of antibacterial susceptibility profiles, and appropriate management of wound infection to avoid the rise and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.
2021
Background: The rapid development of pathogenic bacteria resistant to a common antibiotic is becoming the most serious health problem for healthcare workers and the community. Aims: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial susceptibility profiles of isolated pathogenic bacteria from wound infections among patients attending some government hospitals in Sana'a City, Yemen. Methods: Two hundred and seventy-eight swab specimens were collected from patients' wound infections from November 2020 to February 2021. The required data were obtained by using the designed questionnaire. The identification of isolated pathogenic bacteria was performed by using standard microbiological methods. Also, antibiotic susceptibility tests were determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: It was found that only 62.95% and 37.05% of cases, respectively, were positive and negative growth recorded in culture media. A higher rate of bacterial infection was found among the age group of 41-50 years (60.53%), males (37.87%), patients living in rural areas (40.62%), having wound infection in the foot (75.67%), hospitalized for two weeks (73.01%), from hospital inpatient (66.50%), with diabetic foot ulcers (73.68%), and not using antibiotics (65.71%). The most frequent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (42.45%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.14%), Escherichia coli (13.06%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.24%), Streptococcus pyogenes (8.57%), Klebsiella sp. (3.27%), Enterobacter sp. (1.63%), Acinetobacter sp. and P. mirabilis (0.82% for each). Most bacteria isolates were showed high resistance to common antibiotics. Conclusion: The prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among wound patients may be representing the health-threatening in upcoming years. Therefore, it is important to implementation periodic surveillance of antibacterial susceptibility profiles, and appropriate management of wound infection to avoid the rise and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.
Infection and Drug Resistance, 2022
Background: Surgical site infections are hospital-acquired, vary from one hospital to another, and can cause significant postoperative morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. Objective: The main aim of the study was to identify the bacterial pathogens associated with surgical site infections and their antibiotic susceptibility in a public hospital in northern Jordan. Methods: Postsurgical wound samples were collected and processed in a microbiology laboratory using standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using 13 antibiotics covering the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria using the disc diffusion test. Results: The bacterial species that were identified in this study include Escherichia coli 8 (29%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3 (11%), Proteus mirabilis 1 (3.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 4 (14%), Salmonella enterica 2 (7%), Staphylococcus aureus 8 (29%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 1 (3.5%), and Streptococcus pyogenes 1 (4%). The antibiotic profiles of these bacteria showed high resistance. The MAR indices showed that 17 of 28 bacteria isolated were above 0.2 indicating high resistance. Conclusion: Resistant bacteria are becoming more dominant in wound infections with a high prevalence of multidrug resistant isolates. Hospital disinfection and treatment protocols regarding the use of antibiotics should be practiced vigorously and monitored regularly to combat resistance.
Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research , 2020
Objective: The increased antibiotics resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from surgical wound is the major health threats challenge the patients especially in developing countries like Yemen. This work was aimed to determine and identify the bacteria associated with surgical wound infections and their resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Methods: One hundred and twenty swabs were sampled from surgical wound patients at Aden City, Yemen. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified according to standard microbiological methods. Also, antibiotic susceptibility tests were determining by using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: The results showed that out of 120 samples, 68 (56.67%) showed bacterial growth. It was found that the most isolated bacteria was Sylococcus aureus 27 (39.70%) followed by Escherichia coli 19(27.94%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 13 (19.12%), and Proteus mirabilis 9 (13.24%). All isolated bacteria were recorded to be extremely resistant to the most tested antibiotics. S. aureus was reported to be susceptible to cefotaxime, vancomycin, and ciprofloxacin and highly resistant to ceftazidime, nalidixic acid, erythromycin, and tetracycline. The E. coli isolates showed resistance (100%) to vancomycin and tetracycline and moderately sensitive to ceftazidime and gentamycin. P. aeruginosa showed from high to moderate resistance to most tested antibiotics except gentamycin and cefotaxime. Most of P. mirabilis isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, and gentamycin and highly resistant to amoxicillin, erythromycin, and vancomycin. Conclusion: The current study findings that the reduced sensitivity of isolated bacteria to commonly used antibiotics is an alarming and threat upsurge of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
International Journal of Microbiology, 2017
Background.The widespread uses of antibiotics, together with the length of time over which they have been available, have led to the emergence of resistant bacterial pathogens contributing to morbidity and mortality. This study was aimed to assess bacterial isolates and their drug susceptibility patterns from inpatients and outpatients with pus and/or wound discharge.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital from March to May, 2014. Wound swab samples were collected from each study participant and inoculated into appropriate media. The bacterial pathogens were identified using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using disk diffusion technique following Kirby-Bauer method.Results.A total of 137 study subjects were included in the study with bacterial isolation rate of 115 (83.9%). Of all, 81 (59.1%) were males. Seventy-seven (57%) of the isolates were Gram-negative and 59 (43%) were Gram...
Infection and Drug Resistance
Background: Although emergency health-care services, particularly clinical and surgical care, are an important part of the provision of high quality health care in Ethiopia, infections related with surgical care are still the most well-known medical services-related diseases. This study aimed to assess the bacterial profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infections at Mizan-Tepi university teaching hospital, southwest Ethiopia. Methodology: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted from June to September 2021. Patient data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Follow-up of patients who had undergone a surgical procedure was conducted for at least 30 days. Wound swabs were collected from patients suspected to have surgical site infections (SSIs) and cultured onto appropriate culture media. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the disk diffusion technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 25.0. Frequencies and cross-tabulation were used to summarize descriptive statistics. Results: In this study, the postoperative SSIs rate was 12.6%. All patients with SSIs were culture positive, and a total of 41 bacterial isolates were detected. Of these, 73.2% were Gram-negative, 26.8% were Gram-positive and 24.2% were a mixture of two bacterial growths. Escherichia coli accounted for 29.3%, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (19.5%), Proteus species (14.6%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.2%). With the exceptions of amikacin and meropenem, which exhibited very high sensitivity, ranging from 33.3-100.0% isolates was resistant against all other tested antibiotics. The resistance rate to three or more classes of antibiotics was 100.0%. Conclusion: In this study, the most isolated bacteria causing SSIs were Gram-negative and multidrug-resistant strains. This event highlights that surveillance of the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern coupled with the implementation of the strict protocol for antibiotic use and operative room regulations is important to minimize the burden of SSIs.