Assessment of the Prevalence of the Disability Phenomenon in Poland as a Determinant of the Health Status of the Population (original) (raw)
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Health Status, Functional Limitations and Disability: Changes in Poland
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000
Materials published here have a working paper character. They can be subject to further publication. The views and opinions expressed here reflect the author(s) point of view and not necessarily those of CASE Network. This report was prepared within a project entitled "Assessing Needs of Care in European Nations" (ANCIEN), June 2012. The project is funded by the European Commission under the 7 th Framework Programme (FP7 Health-2007-3.2.2, Grant no. 223483).
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2022
Introduction and Objective. In each society there functions a group of the disabled who need assistance. The number and character of dysfunctional consequences determine the types of support, characteristics of health, medical and social problems, where a part of them are interdependent. The interdependence of these needs determine the consistency of rehabilitation actions, which result in the improvement of quality of life of disabled persons in their living environment, especially among rural inhabitants. Materials and method. The scientific medical, and sociological literature, as well as binding legal Acts from 1978-2021 were reviewed. Materials from Polish and English databases were analysed. Key words related to disability, its definition, models of disability, disability discrimination, inequalities in medical and social care, health and social needs, maps of needs, satisfaction with medical and social care, and quality of life were used. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Despite the fact that disability is a medical-social phenomenon, many reports concern only the treatment of the consequences of diseases, injuries, genetic/congenital or environmental defects. Disability is frequently identified with disease, which is inappropriate. Many researchers dealing with disability focus-quite rightly-on studies concerning social consequences, because they decide about the level of functioning of these persons in society and level of participation. Summary. Disability is not only a medical and social problem. Treatment does not end the essence of disability. Only interdisciplinary studies can change the life of these persons regarding great possibilities for their participation.
Credibility of disability estimates from the 2011 population census in Poland
Statistics in Transition New Series, 2021
The problem of disability is perceived as one of the most serious social issues faced by the contemporary society. The number of people with disability is consistently rising for a variety of reasons, including the aging of the population. Data on disability are collected through numerous statistical surveys, among which censuses are the most wide-scale ones. In the period between the 2002 and 2011 censuses (the last two censuses conducted in Poland), a 14% decrease in the number of people with disabilities was observed. However, it should be emphasised that significant modifications were introduced to the methodology of the last census. Population census 2011 was the first census in Poland combing administrative data sources and the survey sampling method. The main objective of the study is to assess the quality of estimates relating to the number of disabled persons, obtained on the basis of the 2011 census data. It is a comparative study aimed at identifying the similarities and ...
BioMed Research International, 2018
Introduction. The aim of the study was to assess the level of disability in a sample of older people in south-eastern Poland and to identify any potential relationship between their profile of functioning and a complex set of variables including activities, participation, and contextual factors.Materials and Methods. The study included 800 people aged 71–80 years. The WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire was applied for the assessment of disability.Results. A total of 43.88% of the interviewees showed a moderate level of disability, while 17.75% had severe or extremely high levels of disability. In addition, 7.75% of the interviewees had no functional limitations and 30.62% demonstrated a mild level of disability. The studied individuals reported the greatest difficulties with life activities such as cleaning, cooking, or shopping, followed by Limited Participation and then getting along. Age, number of chronic diseases, a low level of education, a low level of physical activity, poor living co...
Medical Science Monitor, 2018
Background: The proportion of elderly people living in Poland has risen in recent years. With rising life expectancy, there is likely to be a concurrent increase in the incidence of chronic diseases and disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence of chronic diseases and disability of the elderly in order to help guide strategies of prevention and public health control. Material/Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,000 randomly-selected residents living in the Podkarpackie region of Poland. The WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire was used to assess the disability and functioning of the participants across six domains of functioning using the following scores: no disability (0-4%), mild disability (5-24%), moderate disability (25-49%), severe disability (50-95%), and extreme disability (96-100%). Results: The presence of at least one chronic disease was identified in 84.1% of participants. The most common diseases were: circulatory diseases (59.10%), spinal pain syndromes (51.50%), degenerative joint diseases (50.30%), and rheumatic diseases (23.90%). Severe or extreme disability was found in 8.46% of patients with circulatory disease, 9.32% of patients with spinal pain syndromes, 9.34% of patients with degenerative joint diseases, and 12.13% of patients with rheumatic diseases. Conclusions: Based on our findings, we recommend an emphasis be placed on early diagnosis of chronic diseases. We also recommend implementing methods of primary and secondary prevention aimed at reducing or eliminating disability resulting from chronic diseases. Our research highlights the need to plan targeted support and prevention programs using strategies that optimize social participation of older people with various chronic diseases.
Medical Review, 2016
Introduction: Many variables in research in the area of medical and health sciences are qualitative in nature. A common statistical tool used to analyze them is the χ 2 test. However, it does not allow us to assess the relationship between a number of variables and distinguish the factors determining the investigated phenomenon. A more accurate tool is the log-linear analysis, which enable the researcher to evaluate the dependences and interactions between the studied variables. Purpose: Description of the use of log-linear analysis on the example of the cross-sectional study on disability of the elderly. Material and methods: The assessment of disability and the choice of the factors that determine it was carried out on the STRESZCZENIE Wstęp: Wiele zmiennych w badaniach z obszaru nauk medycznych oraz nauk o zdrowiu ma charakter jakościowy. Powszechnym narzędziem statystycznym stosowanym do ich analizy jest test χ 2. Nie pozwala on jednak na dokonanie oceny powiązań między większą liczbą zmiennych oraz wyodrębnienie czynników determinujących badane zjawisko. Dokładniejszym narzędziem jest analiza log-liniowa, pozwalająca na ocenę zależności i interakcji między badanymi zmiennymi. Cel: Przedstawienie zastosowania analizy log-liniowej na przykładzie przekrojowego badania niepełnosprawności osób starszych. Materiał i metody: Ocenę niepełnosprawności oraz wybór czynników, które ją determinują przeprowadzono na wyni
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2020
Introduction. In Poland, the number of the oldest-old people is increasing. The prevalence of health problems increases with age, which expands the cost of medical and social care. Therefore, there is a need to assess factors affecting the level of disability and quality of life in order to modify them. Materials and method. The study was carried out in a group of 498 people aged 80 and over who live in community in southeastern Poland. The researchers collected socio-demographic and health data, the WHODAS 2.0 questionnaire was used to assess disability and functioning. Quality of life was studied using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Results. The general average level of disability was 37.41, with women having a higher level of general disability than men (38.94 vs. 33.94). The highest levels of disability occurred in areas such as mobility, life activity and participation. Statistically, a significantly higher level of disability develops in women who are older, with lower education, social involvement, not able to get help from other people and having more chronic diseases. In men, disability increased with age and greater number of chronic illnesses. The general quality of life of the study group was average (62.53) and comparable for both genders. The lowest quality of life was found in the domain of physical health. A significantly lower quality of life appeared in lonely people, with more chronic diseases, lower education, physical and social inactivity, as well as a lack of help from other people and non-adjustment to the environment. Conclusion. Factors affecting the disability and quality of life of the oldest-old people should be considered in developing senior health policy in Poland.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2017
Introduction. Since the beginning of the 20 th century, the aging of the European population has been observed, and the potential long-term social and economic problems have been flagged. Objective. The aim of the study was assessment of the level of disability and multidimensional analysis of determining factors among the elderly living in rural areas. Materials and method. The study was conducted in a population of 973 people aged 60-80 living in southeastern Poland. The research tool used in the study was the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule-WHODAS 2.0. Result. As many as 28.26% of the study group had at least a moderate level of disability; severe disability was observed in 11.51 % of the participants, and extreme disability was experienced by 0.21%. The highest average level of disability in the study group was found in performing activities of daily living (mean = 28.94; SD = 30.04), participation in everyday life (mean = 28.40; SD = 23.29) and mobility (mean = 26.04; SD = 27.57). Statistically significant relationships were observed between age, gender, education level, physical activity and number of chronic diseases. Conclusion. An increase in the level of education and popularization of physical activity may be helpful in reducing the prevalence of disability among the elderly inhabitants of rural areas. Increasing access to health care, aimed at rapid diagnosis of chronic diseases, treatment and rehabilitation, seems to be a reasonable action preventing the disability in rural areas.
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2017
To assess the reliability and validity of the Polish version of the 36-point World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) in an elderly population. Materials and Method: One thousand randomly selected individuals, aged 60-70 years, living in southeastern Poland were assessed using the Polish version of the WHODAS 2.0. Results: The analysis confirmed the high reliability and validity of the tool. Cronbach's α index was 0.89. The tool had high stability, and the correlation between test and re-test results was high. The relevance of the domain selection was high or very high. A factor analysis confirmed the relevance of assigning questions to domains. High theoretical relevance was also demonstrated. Statistically significant differences between those who were and were not suffering from health problems were observed. An analysis of the internal structure of the WHODAS 2.0 revealed strong correlations between the components of each domain and the final result. Conclusion: The Polish version of the WHODAS 2.0 showed high reliability and validity; thus, it can be used to assess health, functioning, and disability in the elderly population of Poland.
BackgroundThe aim of this paper is to construct the tool that can be used to measure multidimensional quality of life of persons with disabilities in comparison with population without disabilities for the purpose of monitoring of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). MethodsThe Sen’s capability approach was applied to conceptualize the quality of life. We followed guidelines of The Quality of Life Framework developed within the European Statistical System. The QoL scores in each domain (covered by the UNCRPD) were constructed using multiply indicators and multiple causes model (MIMIC). All analysis were based on 2018 EU-SILC data for Poland. We constructed quality of life indicators for population with and without disabilities and compared the differences. ResultsPersons without disability experienced higher QoL as compared to population with disabilities, overall and in various domains. Lower average QoL of persons with disabilities is a result of ...