Late Ottoman Period Istanbul Public Health Institutions and The Pendik Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology-Extended Abstract (original) (raw)

A Discussion on the Spatial Representation of the Ottoman Modernization: Urla Quarantine Building

OJAD, 2020

This paper focuses on a building, Urla Quarantine, in the city of Izmir, Turkey. The quarantine, which was constructed during the modernization period of the Ottoman Empire in 19th century, is slated to be transformed into a health museum at the moment due to its historical value. This idea of transformation has led this study to focus on the modern principles guiding the spatial organization and the context of this building. As a representation of Ottoman modernity, the building provided disciplinary instruments and spaces to preserve public health that were new to Ottomans that period. Thus, the aim of this paper is to examine more closely the internal and external dynamics that informed the construction of the building, the rational idea and the body-space relationships behind this medical building by comparing it with other examples.

A first look at the history of Turkish veterinary medicine with Mehmet Âkif (Ersoy)

Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University

The history of the Agricultural and Civil Veterinary School in Halkalı, where Mehmet Âkif was a student first and then served as a lecturer, is in a very important place in terms of teaching veterinary medicine and agriculture in Turkey. The opening of the Halkalı Agricultural School and the opening of the Civil Veterinary School coincided with the same time period. The Civil Veterinary College was the partner of the Agricultural College opened in Halkalı in the first years. The Civilian Veterinary College was later moved to Sultanahmet, and agricultural education was continued in Halkalı. The teaching staff of the Halkalı Higher Agricultural College has published a journal called “Halkalı Ziraat Mekteb-i Âlisi Mecmuası”. Mehmet Âkif Bey (Ersoy), who was on the teaching staff of the College at that time, wrote an article containing the history of the School in the first issue of the Magazine. The article provides information about the Halkalı Agricultural College, as well as informa...

Vaccination Practices in Ottoman Schools Osmanlı'da Okullarda Aşı Uygulamaları

The primary target of compulsory smallpox vaccination in the Ottoman Empire was children. As a matter of fact, the official announcement about the vaccine published in Takvîm-i Vekāyi dated March 21, 1847 begins with the statement that the vaccine protects children from smallpox, and for this reason, a fatwa was issued in accordance with Sharia. Subsequently, within the scope of the practice of free vaccination, various locations in İstanbul were identified and physicians and officers were appointed by Mekteb-i Tıbbiye, and while the state made all-out efforts, the fact that the disease was still effective was attributed to parents not paying enough attention. For this reason, it was announced that it was now decided that children who went to school and had not yet developed smallpox and had not been vaccinated would be vaccinated by appointing a physician, those who did not go to school would be vaccinated in vaccination shops in their neighborhoods, and the births of not only boys but also girls would be reported to the official authorities by imams and mukhtars (1). 1 From 1885 and onwards, the issues mentioned here were more thoroughly covered in the Vaccination Regulation 2 and Instructions 3 and the increasing control of the state could be

Erzincan Sancağı'nda Kolera Salgını (1852-1910)

Erzincan üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2023

Epidemic diseases are factors that affect the political, social, economic and cultural lives of humanity. The story of epidemics is determined by the activities of people. The Ottoman Empire, which served as a transition region, was also exposed to epidemics in almost every period of history. One of these epidemics is cholera. The disease covered almost the entire Ottoman geography in 1832. When the eastern provinces are examined, it is seen that the disease coming from Iran and Russia has shaken the region. When looked at within the scope of the subject, it is noticeable that Erzincan Sanjak, located within Erzurum Province, is located on important trade routes and is adjacent to Erzurum and Sivas provinces. For this reason, in the sanjak, which is located in an area prone to epidemics; Epidemics such as plague, smallpox, syphilis, measles, typhoid and cholera were felt throughout the 19th century. Cholera, one of the most effective of these diseases, has occasionally caused deaths in its mild and severe periods. In this study, using archive documents, the date on which cholera came to Erzincan Sanjak, the ways in which it spread, the appointment of doctors, the number of incidents and deaths in the sanjak, quarantine practices and other measures were emphasized. While discussing the subject, the situation of other sanjaks and districts of the province was also mentioned in order to understand more clearly where and how the disease reached Erzincan. Therefore, in this study, the impact of the cholera epidemic in the east of Anatolia was tried to be revealed in terms of military, administrative, medical and social aspects, centered on Erzincan.

Hospitals in the Ottoman Period and the Work Of Sinan the Architect: Suleymaniye Complex Dar Al-Shifa and the Medical Madrasa

2016

The hospitals, dar al-shifas, one of the leading welfare associations in the Turkish-Islamic foundation culture, which required an architectural understanding of the application of medical profession, had a great impact on the formation of the cities. These establishments, which had an important place in Islamic world even before the Ottoman period, were able to preserve and maintain their entities such as mosques, prayer rooms, lodges, madrasas and baths with the help of their foundations. In time, the establishments, which were only treating patients in their earlier days, evolved into research and academic units where medical science was taught. Particularly, the dar al-shifas introduced by the Seljuks have a great importance in the history of Turkish medicine. During the studies with regard to the history of medicine, important data was collected about Gevher Nesibe Hospital and Medical Academy (1205-1206), built in Kayseri on behalf of the Seljuk Emperor Kilicaslan II's daughter Gevher Nesibe Sultan, and Sivas Hospital, built by the Anatolian Seljuk Emperor Izzeddin Keykâvus (1217-1218). The Ottoman period health care organizations, which include special architectural resolutions aimed at the application of medical profession, are similar to the Seljuk health care organizations in style. Within the scope of this study, among the Ottoman period hospitals with a general plan scheme of rooms aligned around a central open atrium, the Medical Madrasa and Dar al-shifa structures, which are parts of the Suleymaniye Complex built by Sinan the architect, will be examined.

Kuduz Şüpheli Temas Nedeniyle Başvuran Olguların Kuduz Hastalığı Hakkındaki Bilgi ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

Objective: The present study aimed to analyze the knowledge of rabies and behavior of the patients who were admitted due to contact with animals with rabies risk. Methods: In the present cross-sectional and descriptive study, interviews were conducted with 108 patients who applied for rabies vaccine using a survey. The interview form included questions that aimed to determine the behavior and measure the knowledge of the cases after the suspicious contact. Results: Among the study cases, 60.2% were male and the mean age was 33.80 ± 17.64. 71.0% of those who had pets with rabies transmission risk had vaccinated their pets. 67.6% of the patients applied to the nearest health institution after the animal contact, 13.9% did not care first but later applied to the hospital, 12.0% applied to the hospital because of fear, and 6.5% applied to the hospital due to insistence of their friends. Also, 19.4% of the patients stated that they detained the animal for at least ten days after the cont...

New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences The Change of the Hospital Architecture from the Early Part of 20th Century to Nowadays: An Example of Konya

The hospitals that served in the name of 'darussifa' in Seljuk Empire period in Anatolia continued their service during Ottoman Empire period. The health institutions in different areas in Ottoman period were replaced by 'Gureba hospitals' in 19th century. The change in Anatolia was realised, after the declaration of the Republic and with the development of its economy, and lived in every area; hospital buildings were constructed first as 'Gureba hospitals' then as 'country hospitals' in Anatolia cities like Konya after the big cities like İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir. In this study, the change and development of the hospital architecture in Konya are discussed and the change from 'Gureba hospital' of early 20th century to the today's state-affiliated comprehensive research hospitals is illustrated. The change of hospitals is evaluated via bed capacity, building size and formal differentiations.