ADAPTIVE CHANGES IN PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER WATER DEFICIT CONDITIONS (original) (raw)
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Study Of Morpho-Physiological Traits Of Wheat Genotypes Under Soil Water Deficit
Transactions of the Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnologies, 2017
Drought caused by lack of water in the soil is one of the main reasons for a decrease in wheat production worldwide, including Azerbaijan. Different genotypes of wheat have an advantage in agro-morphological, physiological traits, which allow minimizing yield losses from drought. We aimed to study the impact of soil water deficit on mopho-physiological traits of six durum and twelve bread wheat genotypes grown under irrigated and non-irrigated field conditions. Irrigated plants were watered after the appearance of seedlings, at stem extension, and grain-filling stages. Water deficiency inhibited the increase in assimilation area and dry mass of flag leaf. Bread wheat genotypes exceeded durum wheat genotypes by the content of chlorophyll (a+b). Water stress caused a decrease of Cl(a+b)/Car(x+c) ratio in all genotypes. The proline content increased under water deficit condition, however, a significant proline content was detected in irrigated plants. Gas exchange parameters was measured by using LI-COR Portable Photosynthesis System. Drought stress caused reductions in stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. Less reduction of grain yield under drought stress was observed in genotypes Sarichanak 98, 1 st WWERYTN4 and Murov 2.
Influence of Water Stress on Some Physiological Traits of Five Wheat (Triticum spp.) Cultivars.
This study was conducted in the plastic house of Grdarasha to investigate the effect of five levels of water stress (15%, 25%, 45%, 65%, 85%) depletion from field capacity on some physiological traits of five wheat cultivars (Rizgari, Aras, Adana, and Cham6) bread wheat while CIMMYT cultivar as durum wheat with three replications in a completely randomized factorial design. Results indicated significant effect of water stress levels, wheat cultivars and the combination of both factors on plant height, flag leaf area, number of spikelets.spike-1, spike length, number of seeds.spike-1, yield.plant-1, biological yield, harvest index, and thousand seeds weight. Meanwhile soluble carbohydrates and proline where increased significantly with increasing water stress levels, also it caused significant effect on nitrogen, phosphor and potassium. Using drought indices it was elucidated that studied cultivars could be arranged form most drought resistant to less drought resistant as cultivars of Aras, Rizgari, Cham6, Adana and CIMMYT which could be sown in Kurdistan region under drought environments.
Wheat Physiology and Yield as Affected by Water Deficit Stress
The Agriculturists, 2022
The present experiment was conducted at the Research field and laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur to analyze the changes in yield, yield attributes and physiology of four selected wheat genotypes due to water deficit stress. The plants of four selected genotypes, viz. BARI Gom 28, BARI Gom 29, BAW 1177 and ESWYT 29 were grown in pots, and two water regimes; control (65% of field capacity) and water deficit stress (35% of field capacity) were maintained by weight basis throughout the growing period. Yield, yield contributing characters, relative water content and chlorophyll in leaves under both the water regimes were measured. Genotype BAW 1177 showed better performance in most of the measured characters under water deficit stress condition as compared to other genotypes. Relative water content (RWC) was decreased due to water deficit stress. However, all the genotypes showed slight increment in their water-use efficiency under water deficit stress condition compared to well water condition. Chlorophyll content also decreased in all the genotypes by the water stress though genotypic difference was obvious. At water deficit stress condition, spike length, spikes plant-1 , grains spike-1 , grains weight spike-1 , grain yield plant-1 and biological yield plant-1 were decreased at different magnitudes as compared to non-stressed condition. Water deficit stress reduced the harvest index of BARI Gom 28 and ESWYT 29, though increased that of BAW 1177 and BARI Gom 29 compared to well water condition. Based on the performance of different physiological and yield traits under water deficit conditions, the genotype BAW 1177 may be considered as comparatively drought tolerant, whereas ESWYT 29 as drought susceptible, BARI Gom 28 and BARI Gom 29 were found as moderate drought tolerant. The order of drought tolerance of wheat genotypes based on stress susceptibility index (SSI) of the parameters like biological and grain yield was as BAW 1177>BARI Gom 29>BARI Gom 28>ESWYT 29.
International Journal of Agronomy, 2021
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops and extensively cultivated in wide ranges of altitudes in Ethiopia. With an alarming population growth in the era of climatic change, there is a need for further crop improvement for sustainable production. In this regard, the study was carried out at the Kulumsa Agricultural Research Center (KARC) in a rainout shelter to investigate the responses of durum and bread wheat varieties to soil water stress in terms of selected morphological, physiological, and biochemical parameters. The 2 factors were combined factorially and arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The 12 wheat varieties, 6 bread wheat and other 6 durum wheat, were sown in pots under well-watered (100% field capacity) and water-stressed (30% field capacity) conditions. Results revealed that water stress resulted in 26%, 9%, 23%, 16%, and 11% reductions in plant height, spike length, number of spikelets spike−1, relative water, and chlorophyll c...
African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012
In a greenhouse experiment, two winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties differing in post anthesis drought resistance, tolerant (cv. Zagros) and sensitive (cv. Marvdasht), were subjected to either wellwatered (WW) or water-stressed (WS) from anthesis to maturity. All physiological parameters were affected by drought stress. Results show that water deficits enhanced the senescence by accelerating loss of leaf chlorophyll and soluble proteins and the loss was more in Marvdasht than Zagros. The net CO 2 assimilation rate (P N) in flag leaves during water deficit displayed a strict correlation with the drought sensitivity of the genotypes and showed an early reduction in Marvdasht. The effect of drought on grain yield was primarily due to the significant reduction in grain weight, particularly in droughtsensitive Marvdasht. The results indicate that the main physiological factor associated with yield stability of Zagros under drought stress may be attributed to the capacity for chloroplast activity in the flag leaf, which apparently allows sustained P N of flag leaf during grain filling under drought stress.
Physiological and biochemical relationship under drought stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum)
Some statistical procedures like correlation, stepwise regression, factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to study the relationship between wheat grain yield and some physiological parameters under drought conditions. Results reveal that the ratio fv/fm of chlorophyll fluorescence is the most effective parameter to select for tolerant genotype with more grain yield in water limited condition. Based on the results, it is reasonable to assume that high chlorophyll capacity of wheat plants under drought conditions could be identified by selecting breeding materials with high chlorophyll capacity and less proline content.
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 1999
Physiological response of six wheat genotypes to Water defibit conditions was studied. Leaf water potential (LWP) and relative leaf water content (RLWC) were used to asses the influence of water stress at four leaf, heading, anthesis and senescence stages. Different stages of plant appeared to be negatively correlated with LWP because with growing age, LWP became more negative. The treatment effects dr, LWP at different stages of plant were significantly different, maximum value was recorded for full irrigation folloWed by gradual decrease in one-half and one-fourth irrigation. Genotypes appeared to differ significantly at anthesis only Unlike LWP, treatments as well as genotypic differences for RLWC at heading and anthesis were significan i Among the genotypes, Barani-83 and Khushal-69 maintained higher LWP at anthesis, may be due to having drought avoidance potential, as their yield was comparatively less affected by external water stress. Sonalika and PR-33 appeared to tolerate lower LWP to produce reasonable yield hence can be regarded drought tolerant.
Sustainability
Water stress has become one of the foremost constraints to agricultural development, mostly in areas that are deficient in water. A field trial has been conducted to evaluate the performance of different twenty wheat genotypes under three stress treatments viz., control (T0) = normal watering, stress-1 (T1) = water stress from tillering up to maturity, and stress-2 (T2) = water stress from anthesis to maturity were used as treatments. The results revealed that a highly significant (p < 0.01) difference was observed among twenty wheat cultivars for morpho-physiological traits except for several tillers plant−1, spikeletspike−1, and relative water content. In the early days, 50% flowering was noted in Anmole-91 (64.33 days) under (T0), while Anmol-91 showed a relative decrease (RD-1) (−2.34 days) at days 50% flowering in (T1). The TJ-83 genotype showed an early response (−8.34 day) at days to 50% flowering under stress-2 (T2), but TD-I (−3.34) was observed to be relatively tolerant...
Morphological, physiological and biochemical analysis of wheat genotypes under drought stress
2019
Drought is a common abiotic stress that seriously affects wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in many parts of the world, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Therefore, maintaining a sufficient yield under drought conditions has become a priority, particularly considering global environmental changes and increase in world population. In present study wheat genotypes were evaluated for different morphological, physiological and biochemical characters under drought stress. Drought conditions were imposed by holding water irrigation for 15 day before flowering stage. Morphological parameter like plant height, leaf area, and number of tillers recorded in the range of 56.8 69.3cm, 14.5 44.1 cm, 3.4 5.2 respectively. Physiological parameter like chlorophyll content, relative water content was recorded in the range of 44.8 to 58.9, 69.3% to 86.6% respectively. Under biochemical parameter, proline content was recorded in the range 0.11 to 0.86 umole/gmfw. All these parameters we...