Evaluation of Winter Wheat Varieties For Resistance to Yellow and Brown Leaf Rust in Azerbaijan (original) (raw)
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Proceedings of ANAS (Biological and Medical Scineces), 2017
Rust is the most devastating fungal disease causing significant losses of grain production. Growing rust resistant varieties is the most sustainable, cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for controlling rust diseases. To date, 81 brown and 53 yellow rust resistance genes have been detected in bread and durum wheat genotypes and their wild species using different molecular methods. The primary goal of the research was to establish the presence of Lr ans Yr genes in wheat samples collected in Gene Pool of the Reserch Institute of Crop Husbandry (Baku, Azerbaijan). Four Lr genes, Lr9, Lr19, Lr34, Lr35 and two Yr genes, Yr9 и Yr18 were analysed using various molecular markers. 1100 bp specific fragments in PCR profiles indicate the presence of Lr9 gene on 6B chromosome of 60% of the studied 78 genotypes. Positive results were obtained in 45 genotypes for identification of Lr19 gene using SCAR markers SCS123 and SCS253. Allelic state of Lr34 gene was studied using Lr34/csLV34a and Lr34/csLV34b markers. Molecular analysis showed the presence of allele a of Lr34 in 21 and allele b in 9 genotypes. Two genotypes were found to carry both alleles of Lr34. 54% of the studied wheat genotypes had no allele of Lr34 gene. Fragments characteristic of Lr35 gene were not visualized in PCR profiles of 61 genotypes. Fragments of 250 bp diagnostic for Yr18 gene were visualized in electro-phoretic profiles of 40 genotypes. 150 bp fragments characteristic of Yr9 gene were amplified in all genotypes with the exception of four samples. These results will serve as a base for plant breeders to develop durable rust-resistant wheat varieties and to control wheat leaf rust diseases in Azerbaijan.
The distribution of alleles at the Lr34 locus associated with leaf rust resistance has been studied in soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars developed in Ukraine. To determine the allelic state of the Lr34 locus, codominant molecular marker cssfr5 has been used. Cultivars with the revealed Lr34(+) and Lr34(-) alleles have been identified as potentially resistant or susceptible, respectively. A collection of 81 cul tivars from the main breeding centers of Ukraine has been examined; the Lr34(+) allele has been revealed in 44% of the tested cultivars. The obtained results have been compared with general data on the leaf rust resis tance of wheat cultivars from different countries.
Journal of Genetics, 2013
We have previously reported Xgwm382 as a diagnostic marker for disease resistance against yellow rust in Izgi2001 × ES14 F 2 population. Among the same earlier tested 230 primers, one SSR marker (Xgwm311) also amplified a fragment which is present in the resistant parent and in the resistant bulks, but absent in the susceptible parent and in the susceptible bulks. To understand the chromosome group location of these diagnostic markers, Xgwm382 and Xgwm311, in the same population, we selected 16 SSR markers mapped only in one genome of chromosome group 2 around 1-21 cM distance to these diagnostic markers based on the SSR consensus map of wheat. Out of 16 SSRs, Xwmc658 identified resistant F 2 individuals as a diagnostic marker for yellow rust disease and provided the location of Xgwm382 and Xgwm311 on chromosome 2AL in our plant material.
Screening of the Bread Wheat Varieties for the Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Bdv1
The Open Agriculture Journal
Background: The allelic composition of the gene Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Bdv1, which is associated with resistance to leaf rust in varieties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), has been investigated. Methods: Three DNA markers were used to determine the allelic state of the gene Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Bdv1: the co-dominant molecular genetic markers cssfr5 and csLV34 and the microsatellite marker Xgwm295. Results: Among 32 cultivars evaluated for resistance to leaf rust, 4 were highly resistant, 26 were resistant and 2 were moderately susceptible. Using the co-dominant marker cssfr5 based on the detection of the polymorphic state of one of the exons of the gene Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Bdv1, the Lr34(+) allele, which confers resistance to leaf rust, was found in 25% of the studied varieties. The coincidence between the results obtained with the markers cssfr5 and csLV34 was 84.5%. Conclusion: The data of the conducted molecular genetic analysis were supplemented by observations of the resistan...
Australasian Plant Pathology, 2016
Leaf rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat causing huge economic losses throughout the world. Several leaf rust resistance genes have been identified and genetically mapped, some of which have also been cloned including the adult plant resistance gene Lr34. Selection of wheat genotypes carrying Lr34 can be accomplished with the help of expression of a morphological marker leaf tip necrosis (LTN) which is linked with Lr34. However, recording of LTN under field conditions is time and labor intensive thereby slowing down the process of selection of desirable genotypes. Use of molecular markers which are tightly linked to Lr34 can be more efficient in precise identification of lines carrying this gene in a short span of time. We selected a total of seven such markers that were earlier reported to be linked with Lr34. The objective of the study was to assess the suitability of these markers in distinguishing Indian bread wheat genotypes carrying Lr34 from those which lacked Lr34. The haplotype analysis suggested that one STS marker (csLV34) and two gene specific markers (cssfr2 and cssfr5) could distinguish wheat genotypes carrying Lr34 from those lacking it. Use of these markers in breeding program can accelerate the speed of selection of desirable genotypes.
Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 2003
Leaf rust resistance genes Lr9 and Lr10 were detected in wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes by PCR based STS markers. Out of sixty-two elite wheat genotypes, screened for the presence of leaf rust resistance gene Lr10, nineteen genotypes revealed the presence through PCR analysis with the primers specific to Lr10 gene. Validation of the marker for Lr9 gene in the parental lines followed by successful detection of the gene in F 4 lines out of cross HP1633 (Lr9) X HP1776, was also done. Usefulness of molecular markers for the detection of rust resistance genes in different genotypes is discussed.
International Journal of Phytopathology
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina is a common and widespread disease of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), in Egypt. Host resistance is the most economical, effective and ecologically sustainable method for controlling the disease. Molecular markers help to determine leaf rust resistance genes (Lr genes) that may be present in a large group of wheat germplasm. The objective of this study was to evaluate and detect leaf rust resistance genes in Egyptian wheat cultivars. Ten out of fifteen cultivars were resistance to leaf rust disease in four locations i.e., Dakahlia, Kafr el-Sheikh, Beheira and Sharqia during seasons 2011/2012 and 2012/2013. As for, using specific SSR primers proved that Lr19 was present in five cultivars i.e., Sakha-95, Gemmeiza-9, Gemmeiza-10, Misr-1 and Misr-2. Lr21. Lr24, Lr47, and Lr51 were detected in all tested cultivars. These genes should be taken into consideration in wheat breeding programs for successful rust resistance. Furthermore these material...
Euphytica, 2007
Genetic basis of adult plant leaf rust resistance in three released Indian wheat cultivars viz. DWR195, RAJ3765 and HP1731 was investigated through detailed inheritance study under controlled polythene house condition at Flowerdale, India. The F2, F3, F4 and F5 generations were analyzed with the most frequent and virulent Indian leaf rust pathotype 121R63-1. Two complementary recessive genes imparted resistance in DWR195, two complementary dominant genes governed the resistance of RAJ3765 whereas two independent dominant genes were involved in the resistance of HP1731. The genes responsible for adult plant resistance in the three cultivars were not allelic. The two complementary genes of DWR195 and two independent dominant genes of HP1731 have been isolated as single gene lines. Utilization of resistance from HP1731, which carries two independent dominant genes, will be easy as compared to DWR195 and RAJ3765.
Twenty-seven winter wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic were tested by molecular markers for the presence of Lr26 and Lr37, and twenty-eight cultivars for the presence of Lr10. Gene Lr37 was determined in eleven cultivars, gene Lr10 in ten cultivars and gene Lr26 in four cultivars. Eight cultivars had combinations of two Lr genes, one cultivar possessed all the three Lr genes. The results of marker analyses were compared with multipathotype analysis which confirmed the presence of Lr26 but did not enable the verifica-tion of the presence of Lr10 and Lr37. Seedling resistance was compared with resistance of the studied cultivars in the field. The knowledge of genes for resistance in grown wheat cultivars is important for wheat growers, specialists in the plant disease control as well as for wheat breeders. Wheat growers can decrease the risk of yield losses by growing cultivars differing in genes for rust resistance. The necessity of rust control by fungicides can be ass...