Some Elements of Classic Mosques Of the Islamic Architectural Genre (original) (raw)
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1987
In this study of four recent projects of mosque architecture in the Muslim world, the works of architects Abdel Wahid El-Wakil, Rasim Badran, Robert Venturi and Halim Abdel Halim conciliate the cultural heritage of Arab-Muslim societies with the Western modernizing design methods that have been introduced since the beginning of the twentieth century. The designs of the four architects addressed the apparent dilemma of the duality between tradition and modernity, in an effort to suggest a character for the identity of the contemporary mosque architecture in a dynamic cultural environment. The study seeks to discern and to evaluate the theoretical models and the methodology employed in the design process of each project, with the intention of understanding their cultural compatibility. All the projects are located within the same general area, Iraq,Qatar and Saudi Arabia, and all are based on the hypostyle mosque,although they differ in their fundamental use of the architectural vocab...
WIT Transactions on The Built Environment
Saudi Arabia is blessed with the existence of the two Holy Mosques and the spread of Mosques. Our national heritage is full of these historic Mosques, particularly Al-Hofuf City in Al-Ahsa. The searcher of the ruins of the area must be captured by the magnificence of buildings constructed by the Ottomans in the (10th AH/ 16th AD) centuries, which led us to study the Ottoman impact in the architecture of Mosques, and how architecture could overcome the difficulties and reconcile between the planning of Ottoman architecture and building materials in local environment. We had to study documents and root of this architecture, especially after the demolition of some of them, and others are on the point of destruction. The study aimed at shedding light on the most important and oldest Ottoman Mosques in Al-Kut, namely Al-Qouba and Al-Fatih Mosques, as a model for the architecture of old Mosques, as well as highlighting their functions, planning and model their architecture, characteristics, decorative architectural elements, and ways to build them to tell a story of the fragrance of the past and the depth of our traditional heritage. In this study, we applied several methods. We first used an inductive method to collect all related research materials from books to articles and oral interviews. Next, a descriptive method is utilized to further describe Al-Fatih and Al-Qouba Mosques and determine the outline of their architecture and patterns, including their roles after the field visit. Then we implement a comparative analytic method to analyse the architectural planning of the two Mosques and their structural elements, and therefore, comparing these two Mosques architecture to identify the similarities and differences between them to derive their cultural implications and local and incoming influences. We hope that our research is of scientific benefit and a crucial source of architectural knowledge for researchers.
Modern trends in the architecture of mosques in Jordan
Al-Academy
This study analyzes the features of historical and modern mosques in Jordan compared to that of Amman. The architecture of the Jordanian mosques reflects the images of great ancient empires and kingdoms of Europe and the Middle East. This has happened due to the geographical position of the country. From the studies of historians and archaeologists, comparative analysis of planning solutions, the use of plastics and decor of the facades of mosques, and the literature on the construction methods of the mosques allow us to conclude that age-old traditions have been preserved through the establishment of mosques in both the countries. Besides, the emergence of new features in constructing mosques has been observed. We find the influence of western architecture in the modern-day architectural designs of Jordanian religious establishments. Meanwhile, in the architecture of Amman mosques, a type of small temple is noticed, the volumetric-plastic composition of which is solved in an innova...
The main problem of the theory in the arena of islamic architecture is affected by some of its Western thoughts, and stereotyping the islamic architecture according to Western thoughts; this leads to the breakdown of the foundations in the islamic architecture. It is a myth that islamic architecture is subjected to the influence from foreign architectures. This paper will highlight the dialectical concept of islamic architecture or muslim buildings and the areas of recognition in islamic architecture. It will also widen the knowledge in the characteristics of each point in time according to the stages of islamic architecture from the prophetic age moving through the architecture outside the city of Medina, the Caliphs, the Umayyad, Abbasid, and architectural models by spatial and time periods, taking Iraq as the example to explain how the Islam influents on architecture and vice versa.
A Contemporary Interpretation of Tradition in Mosque Design. Marmara Ilahiyat Mosque, Turkey
ESJ
In recent years, the concept of contemporary mosque architecture has emerged in all Islamic countries. The goal of these structures which are produced using original designs, contemporary materials, technology and construction systems is to design structures which suit modern architectural concepts of today in the architecture of traditional mosques. Taken up with contemporary plan and form concepts rather than traditional plans, contemporary lines and interpretations are seen in liturgical elements such as the mihrap, dais, pulpit, gallerys, courtyard, fountain and minaret, which are indispensable elements of the mosque architecture in these mosques. One of the important points that is dwelled upon with these structures is their interior design. The aim of this study is to examine the design, layout features as well as the interior decoration of the Marmara Ilahiyat Mosque, which is one of our contemporary mosques that have been addressed in Turkey in the 20 th century. With this goal, the structure's overall layout, its interior space, decorative and liturgic elements as well as characteristics such as materials, technology and lighting have been examined in detail. As one of the important representatives of contemporary Turkish mosques, the structure is suitable for the land it was built on top of and the city fabric, that it interprets traditional architecture with modern styling, and that it takes its place in a significant position amongst contemporary Turkish mosques, as it is a unique example that achieves a contemporary and dynamic identity of Turkish-Islamic architectures by using today's materials and techniques from a standpoint of traditional layout, plan elements and interior space embellishments.
Mosque:Architectural Features and Importance
The imaginative faculties of the artist can create a harmonious relationship of line, mass, space, volume and colour that have universal appeal and the final form of an architect's design is dictating the structural system. Architecture design deals with the aesthetic values and is also a representation of the glorious history of the society itself. The quality of architecture as an art is the foremost important form in cultural point of view and most important to learn the discovery of mind as well as the way you look at it. During the twentieth century era, there have been a lot of impressive and brilliant advances by human activities. Characteristics of basic elements of design frequently reemerged in different values over a period of centuries. The term 'architecture' scientifically develops with speculative thoughts and dynamical system. The cultural climate also determines the aesthetics theory, relationship between the art and architecture and also plays a pivotal role in the architecture community. Any successful architectural work is always the result of untiring and continuous hard work on the part of an architect's elucidation on the contemporary way of life throughout the use of apposite form, space and surface. Contrast of qualities contributes a successful design and in the end, the product looks impressive, elegant, and fantastic in form with a complete sense of accomplishment. It is evident that the key to pure architectural expression are the character of the structural framework and the material employed for the enveloping walls. The structure of building defines distinctiveness between a connection of community and thoughts. In the universe, everyone wants to know the actual meaning of lifestyle to explore the beginning and end of life, therefore it is more important to know about the self-identification.
An Overview on Islamic Architecture, Case Study; Iranian Mosques
Islamic architecture includes a vast range of buildings with different and special elements that which of them can be evaluated uniquely. There are some bright styles that are effective while evolution of Islamic architecture in middle-east such as Arabic, Azeri and Persian architecture. In this topic Iran has stand in a unique stage because Iranian architecture shows a multi-style of the architecture of mentioned cultures that happened in Iranian history. In this paper some of the Iranian mosques have been investigated to show their relations. For example; Juma Mosque of Fahraj city, Juma Mosque of Isfahan city and Juma Mosque of Yazd city in Iran show the evolution of Iranian Islamic architecture and their imitation, effect and relation with other Islamic styles. Firstly, Juma Mosque of Fahraj city is the oldest mosque that has constructed in Iran. It shows how the Persian-Sasanid architecture mixed with Arabic architecture in the first centuries of Islamic Iran eras. Then, it demonstrates mixing Persian architecture with Turkish-Seljuqs between 10th and 11th centuries when they added a minaret beside the mosque. Secondly, the Juma mosque of Isfahan city represents as a condensed history of Iranian architecture as well because it has a lot of elements that have signed with different dynasties which were ruling in Iran. Finally, the juma Mosque of Yazd city with the tallest minarets illustrates mixing Persian architecture with Azeri architecture. This paper investigated about Islamic architecture specially focusing on Iranian mosques to show the features of different styles in the frame of Islamic architecture.
Characterization Framework of Contemporary Mosques in Islamic Cities
Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Engineering, Computing and Architecture 10(1) , 2020
1. Abstract: Contemporary architecture is considered a reflection of social status in any nation with respect to economy, traditions, and culture. In addition, religious buildings express the spiritual and cultural identity of each society. The mosque is one of the most symbolic buildings of Islamic societies. Unlike historical and monumental mosques, contemporary mosques reflect the available technologies, social and cultural needs and environmental requirements, as well as the economic status of local society. This study focuses on analyzing the architectural features and communal role of contemporary mosques. Through the study, a framework for classifying and analyzing the design features of contemporary mosques was developed. This framework could serve as a base for surveying, identifying, analyzing, and classifying information about contemporary mosques in terms of their components, area, number of floors, architectural details, and style. Moreover, links were established between the features of the mosque and its functional, communal and symbolic role in its community. This framework would be useful in developing the main characteristics of contemporary mosques in terms of their social, cultural, symbolic, architectural and construction technologies.