Reusability test of Silica - Titania Catalyst on Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil in Various Temperatures (original) (raw)
Related papers
https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.6\_Issue.8\_Aug2019/Abstract\_IJRR0016.html, 2019
The reusability of silica-titania catalyst on biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in various of catalyst loading has been investigated. The reused silica-titania catalyst has been obtained by washing the previous catalyst used in biodiesel production from palm and waste cooking oils based on various of catalysts loading. The DR UV-Vis has been used for characterization of reused silica-titania catalyst to investigate the existence of titanium tetrahedral coordination in that given catalyst. In order to get information about the catalytic activity of reused silica-titania catalyst, several analyses were carried out on biodiesel products such as density, flow rate and acid number, as well as FTIR for characterization. The results show that the fraction of titanium tetrahedral coordination decreased after silica-titania catalyst reused in reaction of transesterification between waste cooking oil and methanol. The decrease of titanium tetrahedral fraction in reused silica-titania catalyst yields a reduction in its catalytic activity in biodiesel production. The density, flow rate, and acid number analyses show the 7% of catalyst loading was the optimum condition for biodiesel production from palm and waste cooking oils using reused silica-titania catalyst. The FTIR spectra of biodiesel products are almost similar to that of waste cooking oil, however, there is dissimilarity on band area in the wave number range of 1250-1000 cm-1 attributed to vibration of CO -C or CO -H.
The Study of Reused Silica-Titania Catalyst on Biodiesel Production in Various Reaction Times
International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 2019
This study has related to biodiesel production from Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) with reused silica-titania catalyst in various reaction times (2-6h). The reused silica-titania catalyst in this study has been obtained by washing the silica-titania waste released from the separation of catalyst and biodiesel product from palm and waste cooking oils in various reaction times. The washing silica-titania named by reused silica-titania has been characterized by DR UV-Vis to confirm the existence of titanium tetrahedral coordination. Meanwhile, the biodiesel product was characterized by FTIR and several properties such as density, flow rate and an acid number have been analyzed in order to study the reusability of silica-titania in biodiesel production. In addition, the results show that the fraction of titanium tetrahedral coordination in reused silica-titania catalyst (1st and 2nd time) was found to be 26.11% and 24.02%, respectively. The optimum reaction time was found to be 3h, which has been used for FTIR characterization to see significant absorption bands in the wavenumber range of 1300-1000 cm-1. This range was attributed to absorption bands of CO ester from triglycerides and CO from carboxyl group. The main absorption FTIR bands of biodiesel products and WCO are relatively similar. The examinations of biodiesel properties with respect to density, flow rate, and acid number were conducted at optimum reaction time (3h).
2019
The reusability of silica-titania catalyst on biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in various of catalyst loading has been investigated. The reused silica-titania catalyst has been obtained by washing the previous catalyst used in biodiesel production from palm and waste cooking oils based on various of catalysts loading. The DR UV-Vis has been used for characterization of reused silica-titania catalyst to investigate the existence of titanium tetrahedral coordination in that given catalyst. In order to get information about the catalytic activity of reused silica-titania catalyst, several analyses were carried out on biodiesel products such as density, flow rate and acid number, as well as FTIR for characterization. The results show that the fraction of titanium tetrahedral coordination decreased after silica-titania catalyst reused in reaction of transesterification between waste cooking oil and methanol. The decrease of titanium tetrahedral fraction in reused silica-titani...
International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies, 2019
The optimation of reaction temperature on biodiesel production from palm and waste cooking oils has been investigated in the range of 50-70 o C. The reaction has used silica-titania catalyst obtained from solid state reaction between solid precursors of silica and titania. The biodiesel products have been ccharacterized by FTIR (Fourier Transformation Infra-Red) and examination of several properties such as density, flow rate, and acid number. The results show the FTIR spectra of biodiesel products are very similar with that of palm oil or waste cooking oil. The biodiesel product from palm oil shows an optimum temperature of 65 o C. At this temperature, it shows the lowest density with the highest flow rate and the highest percentage of conversion, i.e. 33.33%. The biodiesel product from waste cooking oil shows the optimum temperature of 55 o C that it performs the lowest density with the highest flow rate and the highest percentage of conversion, i.e. 57.1%.
2017
Palm oil cannot be used directly as biofuel due to its high boiling point and viscosity. For its application as biofuel, the palm oil is converted to biodiesel through transesterification of palm oil and methanol with catalyst addition. This work is related to the synthesis of silica-titania as catalyst in association with titanium tetrahedral coordination and the study of the effect of titanium tetrahedral coordination on biodiesel production from palm oil. A solid state method is used to synthesize silica-titania catalyst applying mole variation of both solid silica and titania. The synthesis products are characterized by FTIR and DR UV-Vis, as well as the fraction of titanium tetrahedral coordination is calculated through deconvolution method of DR UV-Vis spectra. The results show the tetrahedral coordination of titanium increased using both solid silica and titania in the solid state method compared to that using solid titania commercial as precursor in the reaction. The mole r...
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
This study investigates the correlation of the number of titanium tetrahedral coordination and biodiesel production. The solid-state method has been used to synthesis of silica-titania catalyst for biodiesel production, which the precursors, i.e. silica and titania commercials were heated in the temperature range of 450-550 o C. The characterization of the prepared silica-titania has been studied by FTIR and DR UV-Vis in order to identify and calculate the presence of titanium tetrahedral coordination in silica-titania catalyst. A very small peak at around 950 cm-1 indicated the presence of titanium tetrahedral coordination through Si-O-Ti bonds. Deconvolution of DR UV-Vis spectra showed the coordination of titanium in silica-titania is more octahedral. However, the number of titanium tetrahedral coordination of the prepared silica-titania is found higher than that of TiO2 commercial. The increasing of titanium tetrahedral fraction in silica-titania affects the physical properties of biodiesel in terms of boiling point, viscosity and density, which is produced by the reaction of methanol and palm oil.
Energy Conversion and Management, 2016
Mesoporous calcium titanate (MCT) catalyst was synthesized via a sol-gel-hydrothermal method and investigated as a catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil (WCO). Calcium was supported on titanate in order to increase their surface area, stability and consequently, improve its performance in the transesterification of WCO to biodiesel. Synthesized catalyst was characterized with powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), N 2 physisorption, Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption (CO 2-TPD). The catalyst possessed high surface area, basicity and stability than calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst. The highest biodiesel yield achieved was 80.0% in 3:1 of methanol to WCO molar ratio, 0.2 wt.% of MCT catalyst for 1 h at 65°C. Reusability study suggested that this catalyst can be recycled for five successive runs.
Waste Management, 2020
Biodiesel was prepared at laboratory scale via transesterification reaction from waste cooking oil using Sr-Ti mixed metal oxide as a heterogeneous base catalyst. The solid base catalyst was synthesized by polymer precursor method. The most efficient active phase of catalyst was explored by varying the Sr/Ti atomic ratio in mixed metals oxides. The synthesized catalyst underwent for TGA, Powder XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, XPS, and BET surface area analysis to assess its physicochemical characteristics. Additionally, basicity which has been observed as the most process governing factor was also evaluated through Hammett indicator-benzoic acid titration method. The Sr-Ti mixed metals oxide with 4:1 was observed with highest catalytic activity for methanolysis reaction. Its potency was facilitated by fairly acquired BET surface area (43.6 m 2 /g) and basic strength (2.89 mmol/g). The appreciable values of both the parameters imparted the high catalytic activity in Sr-Ti mixed metals oxide with atomic ratio 4:1. Onward, transesterification reaction was optimized for the maximum FAME conversion through RSM using CCD. The confirmatory tests showed the consistency with the conclusions drawn from RSM study regarding optimized values of concerned process variables. Transesterification reaction turned out 98% FAME conversion exerting catalyst dose (1.0 wt%), methanol to oil molar ratio (11:1), and reaction time (80 min) at reaction temperature (65°C) and agitation speed (600 rpm) featured by RSM study. The closeness in optimized value of anticipated and confirmatory results perceived the efficiency of CCD and approving its potency as successful tool to estimate the highest FAME conversion. Next, a pseudo-firstorder kinetic model of transesterification reaction was established. In addition to this, the thermodynamic functions were also computed through Eyring plot dictating the non-spontaneity and endergonic nature of transesterification reaction. The Environment-factor (E-factor) and Turn Over Frequency (TOF) were enumerated and they approved the prepared Sr-Ti mixed metals oxide as an efficient and sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production through transesterification. Finally, all the important fuel properties of prepared biodiesel from waste cooking oil was discerned within the range laid by ASTM D-6751 standards for biodiesel which coined the compatibility of prepared methyl ester with CI engines as a substitute of diesel fuel.
Scientific Reports, 2023
Biomass waste streams are a possible feedstock for a range of eco-friendly products and a crucial alternative energy source for achieving carbon neutrality; therefore, the efficient management of biomass waste has taken on a greater significance in recent years. Due to its well-comparable physicchemical properties with fossil diesel, biodiesel is a potential substitute for fossil fuel. This study aimed to synthesize biodiesel from the widely available non-edible seed oil of Sisymbrium irio L. (a member of the Brassicaceae family) via a transesterification procedure over a homemade TiO 2 catalyst. At 1:16 oil to methanol ratio, 93% biodiesel yield was obtained over 20 mg catalyst at 60 °C and 60 min. The ASTM methods were used to analyze the fuel properties. The quantitative and qualitative analysis was performed by FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR spectroscopy. GC-MS study confirms 16 different types of fatty acids of methyl esters. FT-IR analysis showed important peaks that confirm the successful occurrence of biodiesel. 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR showed important peaks for converting triglycerides into corresponding FAMEs. The acid value (0.42 mg KOH/mg/kg), flash point (106 °C), and water content (0.034) of biodiesel are below the specified limit of ASTM D6751 whereas kinetic viscosity (3.72 mm 2 /s), density (0.874 kg/L), cloud point (− 4.3 °C) and pour point (− 9.6 °C) and high heating value (41.62 MJ/kg) fall within the specified range of ASTM D6751 test limit. The Unsaturation degree and oxidative stability of biodiesel are above ASTM D6751 test limit. The physic-chemical properties of the SIB confirm that it is eco-friendly fuel and a competitive source for manufacturing biodiesel on a commercial scale. Furthermore, the SIB is engine friendly and has good fuel efficacy. Abbreviations SIB Sisymbrium irio Biodiesel TiO 2 Titanium dioxide FFA Free fatty acid SEM Scanning electron microscopy XRD X-rays diffraction H and C-NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance GC-MS Gas chromatography mass spectrometry FT-IR spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ASTM
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018
Utilization of heterogeneous catalyst in the biodiesel production process can minimize the cost of separation process and subsequently reduce the biodiesel price. This study aims at developing a low-priced heterogeneous catalyst CaO/SiO 2 prepared from cheap and abundant wastes of eggshell and peat clay for the production of biodiesel from wasted cooking oil. CaO catalyst was capable to produce biodiesel with the yield of 78%. The presence of silica as a support generated from waste of peat clay improved the biodiesel yield to 91%. The optimum reaction time was 60 minutes and the biodiesel yield increased with temperature. A reaction mechanism during transesterification process was proposed based upon the characterization analysis. The mechanism suggested that the silica contributed in the esterification reaction and the CaO played a positive role in biodiesel production via transesterification. The kinetic study confirmed the proposed mechanism. The pre-exponential factor (A) and activation energy (Ea) were 5.44 x 10 8 min-1 and 66.27 kJ/mol. The proposed reaction mechanism and kinetic study lead to an essential step of biodiesel production for further research development or application at a larger scale.