Forms of Labile Metals in the Soil and Their Concentrations in Amaranthus hybridus from Municipal Dumpsites (original) (raw)
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Heavy metals loads in soil, farmlands and plant crop at open dumpsite
Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2019
This study aimed to evaluate concentrations of selected heavy metals in the soils of Ilokun dumpsite and adjourning farmlands, and to determine as well levels of heavy metals uptake in various parts of Carica papaya plant collected from the dumpsite. Twenty-two soil samples were collected within the dumpsites and farmlands at depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm. Evaluations of heavy metals (Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb and Cu) in soil samples and in different parts of Carica papaya plants were carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The study revealed higher concentration of Pb in the dumpsite than the farmlands. Mean concentrations of Cd in the dumpsites; 2.98±1.93 (0-20 cm) and 3.22±2.14 (20-40 cm) were higher than their corresponding depth in farmlands (1.93±1.28 (0-20cm) and 1.94±1.59 (20 – 40 cm). The study established a strong correlation for Ni/Pb (0.948) at depth of 0.20cm; Cu/Cd (0.985) and Pb/Cd (0.918) at depth of 20-40cm. Heavy metal uptake was highest in the plant parts...
Sretechjournal Publication, 2019
The research evaluated the levels of heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Fe) in two dumpsites and control in Ilesha metropolis, Nigeria. Specific soil properties and the level of metals in dumpsites soil samples and vegetables were also considered. Standard techniques were employed in the appraisal and atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Buck Scientific model 210) for the metal concentration analysis. The level of each metal was detected low in the control site compared to the dumpsites which prove that there had been the anthropogenic contribution of heavy metal through the disposal of wastes containing or made of heavy metals. The metal concentration ranges between 0.25 mg/Kg (Cadmium of control) to 82,313 mg/Kg (Iron of IMD dumpsite). The vegetable (Talinum triangulare) that was common to the dumpsites and control accumulated minimal concentrations of the metals. In fact, vegetable in the two dumpsites and control had Cr, Cd, and Pb occurring below the detection limit. All the concentrations of metals studied in soil and vegetable were found to be lower than the maximum permissible limit of heavy metal in soil and vegetable stated by the World Health Organisation (WHO) which implies that the vegetables are presently safe for human consumption. The higher concentration of metals in dumpsite and their vegetables more than the control site shows that there is gradual pollution of heavy metals in the vegetable and implies that there is a need to avoid consuming vegetable grown on these sites and discourage the use of the sites for any form farming activities.
Science domain international , 2019
The study investigate a series of selected heavy metal pollution of soil, the extent of their uptake by Telfairia occidentalis and Amaranthus cruentus as well as their ecological risk around dumpsite in Chanchaga Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected at 15 cm depth with the aid of soil auger and vegetable samples were collected from dumpsite and other samples with no activities served as control. The soil samples were collected at random and their physicochemical parameters such as pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter, total carbon and exchangeable cations (i.e., K + , Mg 2+ and Na +) using a standard method and concentrations of the Original Research Article Oguh et al.; AJEE, 10(2): 1-16, 2019; Article no.AJEE.51487 2 heavy metals in soils and vegetables, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg and Pb were analyzed using flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The ecological health risk assessment from the consumption of these vegetables was calculated using standard methods. The result showed a significant (p-value) increase of AC and TO in test soil samples relative to the control soils. The pH of the soil in dumpsite and control site was 5.93, and 7.35 respectively. Mean concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg and Pb in the dump site were 6.35, 4.84, 6.67, 7.35, 5.72 and 4.96 mg/kg while the control site were 1.18, 0.28, 1.26, 6.83, 1.19 and 3.54 mg/kg respectively which was below the WHO/FAO limits of As (20), Cd (3.0), Cr (100), Cu (100), Hg (2.00) and Pb (50 mg/kg) for soil. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg and Pb recorded in AC dump site were As (6. mg/kg) which were above the WHO/FAO permissible limits (0.5, 0.20, 0.3, 3.0, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) respectively for edible vegetable. The concentrations of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from the dumpsite soil were significant (p < 0.05) from the controls. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for the vegetable showed that they exclude the element from soil. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard index (HI) show that there is no harmful effect since the values obtain were not greater than >1. But continuous consumption can accumulate in the food chain especially for children. This study showed that the soils and vegetables within the vicinity of the dumpsites were polluted by heavy metals which can pose health risk. The study also calls for proper waste management practices and policy implementation.
Farmers have long considered urban agriculture as a panacea to urban food insecurity. However, growing food in cities is faced with many challenges like food contamination. Past studies on leafy vegetables focused on vegetables cultivated in urban centres. However, this paper aimed to determine and compare the level of heavy metals concentrations in soil and leafy vegetables in Urban Expressway Farms (UEF) and Peri-urban Road Farms (PRF) in Lagos, Nigeria. These two locations were purposefully selected. Soil Auger was used to drill holes to the required soil depth to collect soil samples. Sample of Amaranthus hybridus, Celosia argentea and Corchorus olitorius were collected using "envelope" principle. Pb, Cd and Mn residues in the samples were digested and determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The collected data were analysed using mean, standard deviation and Analysis of Variance. The mean pH value for UEF soil is 6.5 while PRF soil is 6.6. The highest Pb (0.93±0.06) was recorded in Celosia argentea at UEF. The highest mean concentration of Cd (0.51±0.11) was recorded in Amaranthus hybridus at UEF. The highest concentration for Mn was recorded in Amaranthus hybridus (0.98±0.02) at UEF. The concentrations of Pb in Celosia argentea at UEF 5 m from the expressway and Cd concentration in Amaranthus hybridus at 10 m from expressway were above the WHO/FAO permissible levels in vegetables. Level of heavy metal residue observed in soil and vegetables under this study were mostly influenced by the location of the farm-environment and not mainly the vegetable type. The relative concentrations of Pb and Cd in all the three leafy vegetables raise some serious environmental concerns and need to be monitored regularly to prevent consumption of contaminated leafy vegetables. Farmers are encouraged to cultivate in fields far away from expressway.
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2020
The study analyses the health risk assessment of the concentration of Iron, Lead, Copper, Chromium, and Cadmium heavy metals in vegetables grown near dumpsites of Jimeta and Ngurore areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Vegetables mainly Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were collected in triplicates and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Buck 210VGP (AAS). The result revealed that heavy metals detected in spinach at Jimeta dumpsite decreased in the following order: Fe (3.7 mg/kg) > Pb (0.18 mg/kg) > Cu (0.12 mg/kg) > Cr (0.07 mg/kg) > Cd (below limit of detection), compared to the metal concentration in spinach at Ngorure dumpsite with lower concentration of heavy metal which decreased in the order of: Fe (2.5 mg/kg) > Pb (0.16 mg/kg) > Cu (0.14 mg/kg) > Cr (0.02 mg/kg) > Cd (below limit of detection). Other result for Spinach in Jimeta decreased in the order Fe (3.31mg/kg) > Pb (0.2mg/kg) > Cu (0.11mg/kg) > Cr (0.0...
Determination of Heavy Metal Contaminants in Leafy Vegetables Cultivated By the Road Side
2013
A study was conducted to analyze the heavy metals in some leafy vegetable cultivated by roadside including Talium triangulare, Amaranthus hybridus and Telfairia occidentalis. The vegetables were sampled from different areas of Ojo local goverment. The vegetables were digested using 98% nitric acid (HN03) and analyzed with the aid of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(AAS) to determine heavy metals. The mean concentration for each heavy metal in the samples gotten from each sites were calculated and the comparison of these data was done amongst the three differnt locations. These were compared with the permissible levels set by the FAO and WHO. Results showed that the levels of Copper and Cadmium for the leafy vegetables ranged from 0.3944 ± 0.159 to 1.6559 ± 0.919 and from 0.0854 ± 0.043 to 0.2563 ± 0.249mg/kg dry weight respectively. While that of Zinc and Lead was 1.8028 ± 0.111 to 6.2267 ± 1.572 and 0.0856 ± 0.040 to 2.104 ± 1.490mg/kg . When compared with standards, heavy metal...