The global, regional, and national burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (original) (raw)

Global burden of pancreas cancer: regional disparities in incidence, mortality and survival

Journal of Health Inequalities

Introduction: Despite its low incidence, pancreas cancer is one of the most lethal cancers. This study aims to provide a global overview of pancreas cancer as to incidence, mortality and survival, in selected countries of the world. Methods: Incidence was extracted from CI5plus and NORDCAN. Pancreas cancer deaths and populations were extracted from the WHO mortality database. Age-standardised incidence/mortality rates per 100,000 person-year were computed. Recent mean rates for incidence and mortality and annual percent changes (APC) over the last ten years were computed. Age-standardised relative survival was retrieved from the SEER database, Eurocare-5, NORDCAN and SURVCAN. Results: Recently, incidence ranged from 2.0 in Uganda to 12.9 in Slovakia in men and from 1.3 in India to 7.3 in Slovakia in women. Mortality rates ranged from 1.3 in Thailand to 10.7 in Estonia in men and from 1.0 in Thailand to 6.7 in Finland in women. Over the last ten years, incidence increased in 21/26 countries in men (APC:-6.09% in Uganda to 4.51% in India) and in 23 countries in women (APC:-5.50% in Costa Rica to 6.51% in India). Increasing mortality trends were observed in 16/30 countries for men (APC:-2.62% in Northern Ireland to 4.73% in Thailand) and in 22 countries for women (APC:-1.27% in Mexico to 4.80% in Thailand). Five-year survival ranged from 3.0% (Northern Ireland) to 17.2% (Hong Kong). Survival trends increased since the 1970's from less than 5% to nearly 10% in recent years for USA and Northern Europe. Survival by stage indicated better survival for localised cancer with survival reaching 36% in 2010 compared to regional (11%) and distant cancer (3%). Conclusions: Disparities in pancreas cancer incidence and mortality were observed worldwide. Globally, pancreas cancer survival remained low but increases in one-year relative survival and survival of localised cancer are promising.

Trends in Pancreatic Cancer Related Mortality: A Retrospective Analysis using CDC WONDER Database

International Journal of Endovascular Treatment and Innovative Techniques, 2024

Background: Pancreatic cancer is 8th most prevalent cancer in the United States with a very high mortality rate. Understanding the epidemiology of Pancreatic cancer is important in identifying the causes and developing preventive strategies. Methodology: Data from the death certificates spanning from 1999-2020, sourced from CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) was analyzed. To quantify national annual trends in pancreatic cancer-related mortality, the Joinpoint Regression Program was used to determine the annual percent change (APC) with 95% CI in age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 people for all ages stratified by year, gender and regions. Results: Pancreatic neoplasm claimed about 847,589 lives across all age groups in the US from 1999-2000. The AAMR for pancreatic cancer peaked at 2020 with 11.7 [APC 0.2275 95% CI: 11.6-11.8]. The AAMR for pancreatic cancer-related deaths was 11(95%CI: 10.9=11.1) in 2003 and it increased to 11.3(95%CI: 11.2-11.3) in 2006 (APC 0.87* 95%CI: 11.2-11.4). Men had consistently higher AAMRs than women across all age groups throughout the study period of 1999-2000 (overall AAMR men: 13.2 (95% CI: 13.1-13.2); overall AAMR women: 9.9 (95% CI: 9.9-10)). Geographically; the lowest mortality was displayed by the Western regions (AAMR 10.5, 95% CI: 10.2-10.7), followed by Southern (AAMR 11.1, 95%CI: 10.9-11.4), followed by Midwestern (AAMR 11.7, 95%CI: 10.9 -11.4), followed by Northeast region (AAMR 11.9, 95%CI: 11.6-12.1). Conclusion: We observed an overall annual increase in mortality trends related to pancreatic cancer especially in men and certain regions like Northeast region of the United States. These results emphasize the immediate necessity for a comprehensive strategy to address this lethal illness, encompassing breakthroughs in medical research, focused public health initiatives, and extensive governmental reforms.

Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2016

338000 people had pancreatic cancer in 2012, making it the 11 th most common cancer. The highest incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are found in developed countries. Trends for pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality varied considerably in the world. A known cause of pancreatic cancer is tobacco smoking. This risk factor is likely to explain some of the international variations and gender differences. The overall five-year survival rate is about 6% (ranges from 2% to 9%), but this vary very small between developed and developing countries. To date, the causes of pancreatic cancer are still insufficiently known, although certain risk factors have been identified, such as smoking, obesity, genetics, diabetes, diet, inactivity. There are no current screening recommendations for pancreatic cancer, so primary prevention is of utmost importance. A better understanding of the etiology and identifying the risk factors is essential for the primary prevention of this disease.

Epidemiology and risk factors of pancreatic cancer

Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis, 2018

The most frequent pancreatic cancer is pancreatic adenocarcinoma. It has high and early locally and distant invasiveness; this is the reason why it often shows little sign or symptoms in early stage and poor prognosis after the diagnosis, frequently in advanced stage. Although it is possible to detect this tumor in early stage because of its neoplastic precursor (PanINs). Epidemiological data shows that pancreatic cancer is not very common but obvious it is one of the most neoplastic death-cause in the world. The trend of incidence is quite increasing through years, proportionally to the increase of risk factors. About risk factors, it is not easy to detect in all the cases but it is known the role of some of that: there are hereditary risk factors, such as genetic pattern like HBOC, HNPCC, FAP, PJS, FAMMM, HP and CF and environmental ones (modifiable) such as smoke, alcohol consumption, chronic pancreatitis, obesity and diabetes mellitus. This narrative review aims to analyze the e...

Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer Mortality: Extended Follow-up of the Original Whitehall Study

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2009

Given the well-established links between diabetes and elevated rates of pancreatic cancer, there are reasons to anticipate that other markers of metabolic abnormality (raised body mass index, plasma cholesterol, and blood pressure) and their correlates (physical activity and socio-economic status) may also confer increased risk of pancreatic cancer. However, to date, the results of a series of population-based cohort studies are inconclusive. We examined these associations in the original Whitehall cohort study of 17,898 men. A maximum of thirty-eight years of follow-up gave rise to 163 deaths due to carcinoma of the pancreas. While Poisson regression analyses confirmed established risk factor disease associations for increasing age, smoking and type II diabetes, there was essentially no evidence that body mass index (rate ratio; 95% confidence interval per one SD increase: 1.01; 0.86, 1.18), plasma cholesterol (per one SD increase: 0.91; 0.78, 1.07), diastolic blood pressure (per one SD increase: 0.93; 0.78, 1.09), systolic blood pressure (per one SD increase: 0.98; 0.83, 1.15), physical activity (sedentary vs. high: 1.37; 0.89, 2.12), or socio-economic status (clerical[low] vs. professional/executive: 0.95; 0.59, 1.51) offered any predictive value for pancreatic cancer mortality. These results were unchanged following control for a range of covariates.

Overview of the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer focusing on the JACC Study

Journal of epidemiology / Japan Epidemiological Association, 2005

The objective of this article was to overview the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the results of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and some previous studies. References were mainly in a Medline search through Pub Med database. In addition, 3 papers about the JACC Study were quoted. In the JACC Study, the standardized mortality ratio of pancreatic cancer was 0.97 in females and 0.84 in males. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased the risk for pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, DM had a risk for pancreatic cancer in males (hazard ratio=2.12). Cigarette smoking has been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio for current smokers was 1.6 in males, and 1.7 in females. The ratio was 3.3 who smoked 40+ cigarettes/day in males. In the JACC Study, alcohol intake was not associated with pancreatic cancer. These results are consistent with the other studies. Coffee consumption has not been associat...