Production and Evaluation of Disintegrant Properties of Microcrystalline Cellulose Derived from Saccharum officinarum L (Poaceae) in Metronidazole Based Formulation (original) (raw)
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Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2020
Purpose : Complete recycling of the crop residues of sugarcane in the Philippines remains to be achieved. This study purposed to derive microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from sugarcane leaves and test its disintegrating properties in tablet formulation. Methods: Saccharum officinarum L. (sugarcane) leaves were used to prepare MCC powder. According to the conventional method, the preparation of cellulose powder requires heating the raw material with acid and alkali followed by washing, bleaching, and sieving. Hydrolysis of the bleached product was carried out using hydrochloric acid to obtain MCC powder, and the physicochemical properties of the produced MCC powder were studied including its organoleptic properties, pH value, %loss on drying, %water soluble substances and Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. Results: The resulting powder was evaluated for its disintegrating property in the preparation of blank tablets, which were compared to tablets prepared using commercially a...
Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2014
Cellulose is a polysaccharide that has been employed in pharmaceutical applications over the years. However, the quest for waste management and an alternative to imported raw materials for locally manufactured drug products necessitated this study. This study was undertaken to explore the application of cellulose extracted from waste, rice husk as a disintegrant in the formulation of metronidazole tablets for immediate release. Cellulose was extracted from rice husk and characterized. Thereafter, a comparative characterization of the attributes of the tablets formulated was undertaken using Corn Starch, microcrystalline cellulose and rice husk as disintegrants. The granules were characterized for flow properties and tablets were evaluated for crushing strength, friability, disintegration and in vitro drug release. The tablets formulated with rice husk cellulose were found to be bioequivalent to those of corn starch which is a standard in comparative studies of disintegrants. Hence, rice husk cellulose is an alternative excipient to explore as a pharmaceutical excipient for limited resource economies.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2021
Microcrystalline cellulose was isolated from rami (Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud), and applied as disintegrant in tablets of dimenhydrinate, made by direct compression and wet granulation. The aim of this study is to produce dimenhydrinate tablets with Microcrystalline Cellulose Rami (MCC Rami) isolated from Rami (Boehmeria Nivea L. Gaud), as a disintegrant and assess the effect of MCC Rami and Granulation technique on physical properties of drug such as, disintegration time, drug release and dissolution. Formulations of dimenhydrinate 100mg tablets were prepared with a combination of mannitol and lactose as a filler and MCC Rami as disintegrant in a concentration of 10-20%. The formulas were directly compressed or were compressed into tablets after wet granulation. The mechanical properties, drug release, physical properties and effects of process parameters, methods of applying disintegrant in tablet formulas were examined. A significant difference in disintegration time of tablets that...
Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics, 2018
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) derived from Saccharum officinarum stem was evaluated for its powder flow and compaction properties in order to assess its suitability as a potential direct compression excipient in tablet formulations. Alpha (α) cellulose obtained from different sodium hydroxide and bleaching treatments of dried shred S. officinarum stem pulp was hydrolyzed with 2.5 N hydrochloric acid (2.5 N HCl) to obtain MCC which was coded MCC-Sacc. This was compared with a commercial brand, Avicel PH 102. The results of powder flow parameters such as bulk, tapped and particle densities (0.41 ± 0.01, 0.54 ± 0.01 and 1.52 ± 0.10 g/mL respectively), porosity (78.69 ± 0.20 %), Carr's index (31.47 ± 0.75 %), Hausner's quotient (1.47) and angle of repose (31.00 ± 1.00 °) indicate poor flowability. Kawakita model assessment of powder showed good densification and cohesiveness. Compacts of MCC-Sacc showed good uniformity of weight, friability, disintegration and mechanical strength. The Heckel model showed good plasticity and slippage of the material. Values obtained were comparable to Avicel PH 102 in terms of compressibility and mechanical strength, hence MCC-Sacc has a good potential for use as a pharmaceutical excipient in the direct compression method of tablet formulation.
Nanomaterials
Excipients represent the complement of the active principle in any pharmaceutical form. Their function is to provide stability, protection, and to ensure absorption of the drug and acceptability in patients. Cellulose is a conventional excipient in many pharmaceutical solid dosage products. Most of the sources used to extract microcrystalline cellulose come from cotton or wood, which are expensive and in high demand from other industries. As plants are considered the main source of excipient production, we have taken advantage of the biodiversity of Ecuador to evaluate microcrystalline cellulose extracted from borojó (Alibertia patinoi), a native plant, as an excipient for solid dosage formulations. The method of choice for tablet manufacturing was direct compression since it is a conventional fabrication method in the pharmaceutical industry. First, we performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in order ...
Evaluation of cellulose obtained from maize husk as compressed tablet excipient
Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2013, 5 (5):12-17 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ABSTRACT Cellulose derived from Zea mays husk has been investigated as a disintegrant in a metformin tablet formulation in comparison with microcrystalline cellulose and cornstarch BP. The cellulose, extracted from Zea mays husk by a two stage sodium hydroxide treatment process followed by bleaching with sodium hypochlorite was incorporated extragranularly in metformin tablet formulation. The mechanical properties of the tablets were assessed using crushing strength and friability tests, while the drug release properties of the tablet were evaluated using disintegration and dissolution times as assessment parameters. Maize husk cellulose has fairly good flow, absorbs at least two times its weight of water and has comparable hydration capacity to microcrystalline cellulose and cornstarch. Tablets containing higher concentrations (5.0 %w/w and above) of maize husk cellulose generally conformed to...
2011
As part of continuing efforts to develop low-cost pharmaceutical grade cellulose, α-cellulose (MC) was extracted from an agricultural waste (de-grained maize cob) and characterized as a tablet diluent using a commercial brand of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and a mixture of lactose and starch (LS) as reference standards. The α-cellulose met the pharmacopoeial specifications (for Powdered Cellulose B.P.), including pH-6.5 ± 0.5; loss on drying-6.0%; residue on ignition-0.03%; and water-soluble substances-0.9%. Presence of organic impurities and starch was not found. MC compared well with MCC and LS in terms of bulk density (0.36g/cm 3) and true density (1.59g/cm 3). MC, MCC and LS were individually evaluated as tablet diluents for some commonly used drugs, namely, folic acid, chloroquine and vitamin B complex. The tablets were prepared by pre-compression. Based on the tablet parameters examined, (including tensile strength, disintegration time and dissolution data), MC-based tabl...
Polímeros
Microcrystalline cellulose synthesized from the waste of Musa balbisiana (BMCC) was characterized to explore the possibility of application in the pharmaceutical industry especially as a drug delivery vehicle. The SEM, XRD and FTIR investigations revealed that the predominantly short, non-aggregated and irregular MCC rods were highly crystalline. The moisture sorption value for BMCC was 5.65%, while total ash was 0.39%. Flow of BMCC was poor, but the product exhibited high hydration (11.7%) and swelling (277.0%) capacities. Preliminary investigation of BMCC tablets containing ascorbic acid carried out in simulated intestinal fluid, showed a concentration dependent retardation of drug release. No cytotoxicity of BMCC was observed in the hemolytic assay. Overall, the study revealed that BMCC can be prepared from an inexpensive and abundant agricultural waste and possesses properties advantageous for application in the pharmaceutical industry and may be explored further in drug delivery research.
Materials
Cellulose is a non-toxic, bio-degradable, and renewable biopolymer which is abundantly available in nature. The most common source of commercial microcrystalline cellulose is fibrous wood pulp. Cellulose and its derivatives have found wide commercial applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, paper, textile, and engineering industries. This study aims to isolate and characterize cellulose forms from cocoa pod husk (CPH) and to assess its mechanical and disintegration properties as a direct compression excipient in metronidazole tablets. Two isolated cellulose types (i.e., cocoa alpha-cellulose (CAC) and cocoa microcrystalline cellulose (C-MCC)) were compared with avicel (AV). CAC and C-MCC were characterized for their physicochemical properties using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD). Metronidazole tablets were produced by direct compression with cellulose. The mechanical and di...
This study investigates the incorporation of microcrystalline starch (MCS) as a filler/binder/disintegrant in metronidazole tablet formulation by direct compression. MCS was derived from cassava starch by partial enzymatic hydrolysis using α-amylase enzyme. Cassava starch obtained from the freshly harvested tubers of Manihot esculenta Crantz was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in a thermostatic water bath set to a temperature of 56ºC. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 5h at a pH of 6. Hydrolysis was terminated after 5h by lowering the pH to 3 with 0.1N HCl. It was then brought to a neutral pH 7 by the addition of 0.1N NaOH and the resulting MCS separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation at 2800 rpm for 10 min. The MCS obtained was re-dispersed in ethanol to dehydrate it and spread out on a tray to dry at room temperature. Powder and compact characterisation of MCS was done in comparison to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Powder properties revealed more differenc...