Microbiomes associated with bovine periodontitis and oral health (original) (raw)
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PLOS ONE
No microbiological criteria were included in the 2018 EFP-AAP classification of periodontal diseases that could be used to differentiate between stages and grades. Furthermore, differences in the subgingival microbiome depending on stage and grade have not been established. Sixty subgingival biofilm samples were collected in Spain (n = 30) and Colombia (n = 30) from three distinct patient categories: those with periodontal health/gingivitis (n = 20), those with stage I-II periodontitis (n = 20), and those with stage III-IV periodontitis (n = 20). Patients were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene amplification sequencing. Amplicon sequence variants were used to assign taxonomic categories compared to the Human Oral Microbiome Database (threshold ≥97% identity). Alpha diversity was established by Shannon and Simpson indices, and principal coordinate analysis, ANOSIM, and PERMANOVA of the UNIFRAC distances were performed using QIIME2. Although differences in the alpha diversity were observed be...
Microbiome, 2014
Periodontitis is an infectious and inflammatory disease of polymicrobial etiology that can lead to the destruction of bones and tissues that support the teeth. The management of chronic periodontitis (CP) relies heavily on elimination or at least control of known pathogenic consortia associated with the disease. Until now, microbial plaque obtained from the subgingival (SubG) sites has been the primary focus for bacterial community analysis using deep sequencing. In addition to the use of SubG plaque, here, we investigated whether plaque obtained from supragingival (SupG) and tongue dorsum sites can serve as alternatives for monitoring CP-associated bacterial biomarkers. Using SubG, SupG, and tongue plaque DNA from 11 healthy and 13 diseased subjects, we sequenced V3 regions (approximately 200 bases) of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina sequencing. After quality filtering, approximately 4.1 million sequences were collapsed into operational taxonomic units (OTUs; sequence identity cut...
Journal of Stomatology
In 2005 a broad scale project on human microbiome research (the Human Microbiome Project-HMB) was initiated. Its aim was to research the composition of the microflora of the human body, and create a genome database of microorganisms existing on the human body surface and having contact with the external environment. The scope of the project involved examining oral microbiomes of 250 healthy individuals at reproductive age. As a result, an extensive database of bacterial genomes was created and variabilities dependent on the examined environment, race, sex, ethnicity, and eating habits were determined. The aim of this paper is to present the contemporary state of knowledge on the composition of micro organisms populating the human body with a special emphasis placed on the composition of oral microflora and subgingival biofilm, and including comments regarding phylogenetic adaptation of humans to life in the world of microorganisms. Contemporary methods of microorganism identification significantly broaden our knowledge on the composition of microflora in various biotopes, and correlations of microorganisms in different ecosystems as well as among each other. However, the knowledge is still fragmented and fails to provide a firm basis to introduce advantageous and permanent changes in the microbiome. Yet, it allows for verifying some hitherto accepted theories regarding the role of bacteria in health and sickness. Thanks to the above, in periodontology views on etiopathogenesis of periodontitis have been changing. The contemporary state of knowledge on the human oral microbiome is becoming broader and broader. It may lead to discussions about changing some hypotheses regarding the role bacteria play in periodontitis; however, there are too many unknowns to provide bases for pharmacological or biological changes in its composition.
Oral and Fecal Microbiome in Molar-Incisor Pattern Periodontitis
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
In order to improve our understanding on the microbial complexity associated with Grade C/molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (GC/MIP), we surveyed the oral and fecal microbiomes of GC/MIP and compared to non-affected individuals (Control). Seven Afro-descendants with GC/MIP and seven age/race/gender-matched controls were evaluated. Biofilms from supra/subgingival sites (OB) and feces were collected and submitted to 16S rRNA sequencing. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) JP2 clone genotyping and salivary nitrite levels were determined. Supragingival biofilm of GC/MIP presented greater abundance of opportunistic bacteria. Selenomonas was increased in subgingival healthy sites of GC/MIP compared to Control. Synergistetes and Spirochaetae were more abundant whereas Actinobacteria was reduced in OB of GC/MIP compared to controls. Aa abundance was 50 times higher in periodontal sites with PD≥ 4 mm of GC/MIP than in controls. GC/MIP oral microbiome was characterized by a reduction in commensals such as Kingella, Granulicatella, Haemophilus, Bergeyella, and Streptococcus and enrichment in periodontopathogens, especially Aa and sulfate reducing Deltaproteobacteria. The oral microbiome of the Aa JP2-like+ patient was phylogenetically distant from other GC/MIP individuals. GC/MIP presented a higher abundance of sulfidogenic bacteria in the feces, such as Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis, Erysipelothrix tonsillarum, and Peptostreptococcus anaerobius than controls. These preliminary data show that the dysbiosis of the microbiome in Afro-descendants with GC/MIP was not restricted to affected sites, but was also observed in supragingival and subgingival healthy sites, as well as in the feces. The understanding on differences of the microbiome between healthy and GC/MIP patients will help in developing strategies to improve and monitor periodontal treatment.
Journal of Periodontology, 2009
Aim-This study compared the subgingival microbiota of subjects with refractory periodontitis (RP) to those in subjects with treatable periodontitis (GR) or periodontal health (PH) using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM). Methods-At baseline, subgingival plaque samples were taken from 47 periodontitis and 20 PH individuals, and analyzed for the presence of 300 species by HOMIM. The periodontitis subjects were classified as RP (n=17) based on mean attachment loss (AL) and/or >3 sites with AL ≥2.5 mm after SRP, surgery and systemically administered amoxicillin and metronidazole or as GR (n=30) based on mean attachment gain and no sites with AL ≥2.5 mm after treatment. Significant differences in taxa among groups were sought using the Kruskal Wallis and Chi-square tests. Results-More species were detected in diseased patients (GR or RP) than those without disease (PH). RP subjects were distinguished from GR and PH by a significantly high frequency of putative periodontal pathogens such as,
Scientific Reports, 2021
The present study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess the impact on salivary microbiome of different grades of dental and periodontal disease and the combination of both (hereinafter referred to as oral disease), in terms of bacterial diversity, co-occurrence network patterns and predictive models. Our scale of overall oral health was used to produce a convenience sample of 81 patients from 270 who were initially recruited. Saliva samples were collected from each participant. Sequencing was performed in Illumina MiSeq with 2 × 300 bp reads, while the raw reads were processed according to the Mothur pipeline. The statistical analysis of the 16S rDNA sequencing data at the species level was conducted using the phyloseq, DESeq2, Microbiome, SpiecEasi, igraph, MixOmics packages. The simultaneous presence of dental and periodontal pathology has a potentiating effect on the richness and diversity of the salivary microbiota. The structure of the bacterial community in oral hea...
Identificación molecular de bacterias en salud y enfermedad periodontal
Revista Odontológica Mexicana
El estudio de la microbiota bacteriana asociada con periodontitis es esencial para desarrollar herramientas de diagnóstico y eficacia en las terapias, por esta razón el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar bacterias asociadas con periodontitis. Nosotros amplificamos el gen 16S rARN por reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR) y secuenciamos para investigar y comparar muestras subgingivales obtenidas de individuos sanos y pacientes con periodontitis moderada y severa. Identificamos Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonas sp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Haemophilus sp., Aggregatibacter sp. y Prevotella intermedia. P. gingivalis y F. nucleatum se asociaron con ambas periodontitis y Aggregatibacter sp. se asoció con periodontitis severa. Los resultados presentados aquí podrían contribuir en la toma de decisiones clínicas de la periodontitis.