Antibacterial activity of some Indian medicinal plants (original) (raw)
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Antibacterial activities of some Indian tralatitious plant extracts
Today the development of modern drugs from less toxic plant products with proven medicinal properties is on the rise. In India, medicinal plants are widely used by people as folk therapeutics or in different indigenous systems of medicine like Siddha, Unani and Ayurveda. Thus a study was conducted to explore the antibacterial effects of Adhatoda vasica, Aerva lanata, Alangium salviifolium and Pongamia pinnata against a panel of bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Citrobacter sp., Psueudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. A. salviifolium was sensitive towards all the tested bacterial pathogens irrespective of solvents. A. salviifolium methanolic extract exhibited higher sensitivity against Citrobacter sp. (27mm). A. salviifolium petroleum ether extract was more inhibitory (26mm) towards E. coli followed by A. salviifolium methanolic extract and A. vasica petroleum ether extract (23mm each). The study clearly demonstrated that the methanolic and petroleum ether extracts of the tested plants contain antibacterial principles as arrogated by traditional herbal practitioners.
Antibacterial activity of plants used in Indian herbal medicine
International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2010
Delonix elata, Enicostemma axillare, Merremia tridentata, Mollugo cerviana and Solanum incanum are medicinal plants used in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of various ailments. These plants were selected to evaluate their potential antibacterial activity. To determine antibacterial activity and phytochemicals in the crude extracts of five medicinal plants used in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of various ailments like rheumatism, piles fever, skin diseases and snake bite. The antibacterial activity of organic solvent extracts of these plants were determined by disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques against grampositive bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Results revealed that the chloroform and methanol extracts of D. elata and methanol extracts of M. cerviana exhibited significant antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative strains with minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranging from 1.5 to 100 mg/ml. Methanol extracts of M. tridentata exhibited activity only against gram-positive bacterial strains with MBC ranging from 12.5 to 100 mg/ml. Extracts of E. axillare and S. incanum showed activity only against B. subtilis and were not bactericidal at 100 mg/ml. The most susceptible organism to the organic extracts from all the studied plants was B. subtilis and the most resistant organism was P. aeruginosa. The presence of phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, steroids and glycosides in the extracts of these plants supports their traditional uses as medicinal plants for the treatment of various ailments. The present study reveals potential use of these plants for developing new antibacterial compounds against pathogenic microorganisms.
Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 2006
The antibacterial activities of 100 extracts of 50 Indian plant species were tested against six medically important bacterial strains, viz., B. cereus, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, K. pneumoniae, A. fecalis and P. aeruginosa. antibacterial assay was done by both agar disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activity exhibited by alcoholic extract was better than the aqueous extract. The results evaluated as the diameter of the inhibition zone of microbial growth showed that the extracts were more active against gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria. Amongst the investigated microorganisms, the most resistant bacteria were P. aeruginosa and A. fecalis. The most susceptible bacteria were gram-positive B. cereus and gram-negative K. pneumoniae, and the maximum activity was shown by T. chebula, M. indica and E. citriodora.
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2012
Objective: The present study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of 21 crude extracts from leaf and flower of Aristolochia indica (A. indica), Cassia angustifolia (C.angustifolia), leaf of Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus), Diospyros melanoxylon (D.melanoxylon), Dolichos biflorus (D. biflorus), Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) and Justicia procumbens (J. procumbens). Methods: The ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extract of medicinal plants were evaluated against Gram-positive Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila), Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) by using well diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Results: The crude plant extracts demonstrated broad spectrum activity against all bacteria. The highest inhibitory zone was observed in leaf methanol extract of A. indica against E. aerogenes (25 mm), and E. coli (20 mm), flower methanol extract of C. angustifolia against B. cereus (22 mm) and leaf acetone extract of G. sylvestre against B. cereus (22mm). The MIC values of leaf methanol extract of A. indica against K. pneumonia (22.6 毺 g/ ml), and flower extract showed against E. coli (MIC: 24.2 毺 g/ml), leaf ethyl acetate extract of C. angustifolia against K. pneumoniae (MIC: 28.4 毺 g/ml). Acetone ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of D. melanoxylon and D. biflorus showed the lowest MIC activity value of >30 毺 g/ml against all tested pathogens. Conclusion: The antibacterial activity could be confirmed in most species used in traditional medicine in South India. Nevertheless, traditional knowledge might provide some leads to elucidate potential candidates for future development of new antibiotic agents.
Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on twelve species of Indian medicinal plants
The aqueous and methanol extracts of 12 plants each belonging to different families were evaluated for antibacterial activity against medically important bacteria viz. B. cereus ATCC11778 , S. epidermidids ATCC12228 , E. aerogenes ATCC13048, P. vulgaris NCTC 8313, S. typhimurium ATCC 23564. The in vitro antibacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. The aqueous extracts were inactive but methanol extracts showed some degree of antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. S. typhimurium was the most resistant bacteria while B. cereus was the most susceptible bacteria. Amongst the plant species screened, methanol extract of Bauhinia variegata bark showed best antibacterial activity. (Afr. J. Biomed. Res. 10: 175 -181)
Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 1998
A total of 82 Indian medicinal plants traditionally used in medicines were subjected to preliminary antibacterial screening against several pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. Aqueous, hexane and alcoholic extracts of each plant were tested for their antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion method at sample concentration of 200 mg/ml. The results indicated that out of 82 plants, 56 exhibited antibacterial activity against one or more test pathogens. Interestingly, extracts of five plants showed strong and broad spectrum activity as compared to rest of 51 plant extracts which demonstrated moderate activity. On the whole the alcoholic extracts showed greater activity than their corresponding aqueous and hexane extracts. Among various extracts, only alcoholic extracts of Emblica officinalis, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia belerica, Plumbago zeylanica and Holarrhena antidysenterica were found to show potentially interesting activity against test bacteria. These active crude alcoholic extracts were also assayed for cellular toxicity to fresh sheep erythrocytes and found to have no cellular toxicity.
Screening of 34 Indian medicinal plants for antibacterial properties
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 1998
A total of 34 plant species belonging to 18 different families, selected on the basis of folklore medicinal reports practised by the tribal people of Western Ghats, India, were assayed for antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes, Proteus 6ulgaris, and Pseudomonas aerogenes (Gram-negative bacteria) at 1000-5000 ppm using the disc diffusion method. Of these 16 plants showed activity; among them Cassia fistula, Terminalia arjuna and Vitex negundo showed significant antibacterial activity against the tested bacteria. Our findings confirm the traditional therapeutic claims for these herbs.
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2019
Evaluation of phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of few medicinal plants collected from nearby area of Junagadh, Gujarat, India was carried out. Presence of phytochemicals in different types of extracts (chloroform, alcoholic and aqueous) was evaluated as per standard chemical methods. All extracts were evaluated for having antibacterial action using disc diffusion assay with selected bacterial cultures. Out of 16 medicinal plants methanolic extract of Adansonia digitata L. leaves showed a zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.02±0.08 mm) and Salmonella typhi (20.69±0.08 mm). Methanol and water extracts of Ficus racemosa L. bark showed a zone of inhibition of 18.48±0.02 mm and 19.68±0.03 mm, respectively against Escherichia coli. Whereas chloroform and methanol extracts of Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC tuber has showed a zone of inhibition of 20.68±0.03 mm and 19.73±0.3 mm, respectively against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus agalactiae. Phytoch...
Activity of some medicinal plants against certain pathogenic bacterial strains
Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2006
Medicinal plants are an important therapeutic aid for various ailments. Scientific experiments on the antimicrobial properties of plant components were first documented in the late 19 th century. [1] In India, from ancient times, different parts of medicinal plants have been used to cure specific ailments. Today, there is widespread interest in drugs derived from plants. This interest primarily stems from the belief that green medicine is safe and dependable, compared with costly synthetic drugs that have adverse effects. Natural antimicrobials can be derived from plants, animal tissues, or microorganisms. [2] The shortcomings of the drugs available today, propel the discovery of new pharmacotherapeutic agents in medicinal plants. [3] To determine the potential and promote the use of herbal medicine, it is essential to intensify the study of medicinal plants that find place in folklore. [4],[5] In this study, some selected plants of Saurashtra region, India, were screened for potential antibacterial activity. A total of 20 plants were screened. [Table 1] Different parts of the plants were collected, air dried, and powdered in a homogeniser, and 10 g of each plant was used for aqueous and ethanol extraction. The aqueous extraction was done in distilled water for 6 hours at slow heat. The extract was
Antimicrobial activity of some Indian medicinal plants
African journal of traditional, complementary, and alternative medicines : AJTCAM / African Networks on Ethnomedicines, 2007
The antimicrobial potential of seventy-seven extracts from twenty-four plants was screened against eight bacteria and four pathogenic fungi, using microbroth dilution assay. Lowest concentration of the extract, which inhibits any visual microbial growth after treatment with p-iodonitrotetrazolium violet, was considered to be minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Water extracts of Acacia nilotica, Justicia zelanica, Lantana camara and Saraca asoca exhibited good activity against all the bacteria tested and the MIC was recorded in range of 9.375-37.5 microg/ml and 75.0-300.0 microg/ml against the bacterial and fungal pathogens, respectively. The other extracts of Phyllanthus urinaria, Thevetia nerifolia, Jatropha gossypifolia Saraca asoca, Tamarindus indica, Aegle marmelos, Acacia nilotica, Chlorophytum borivilianum, Mangifera indica, Woodfordia fruticosa and Phyllanthus emblica showed antimicrobial activity in a range of 75-1200 microg/ml.