Biological Potencial of Colletotrichum typhae H.C Greene mycoherbicide for Typha domingensis Pers (original) (raw)
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February 2020
The anthropic interference in aquatic ecosystems favors the disordered colonization of T. domingensis, damaging the production of hydroelectric power and river traffic. Because of this, studies report the efficacy of fungal mycoherbicides, with control rates reaching as high as 90%. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of C. typhae as a mycoherbicide in bio control of T. domingensis, at in vitro and greenhouse conditions. 107 samples of symptomatic T. domingensis leaves were collected in flooded areas of rivers in Brazil, with identification and isolation of the collected fungal species. The concentration of inoculum was determined to evaluate the incidence and severity of the disease, the influence of temperature on mycelial growth and conidia germination, the effect of temperature and leaf wetness period on T. domingensis infection by C. typhae and the host range test in vitro. The growth of the colonies of C. typhae was higher at 25 to 30 ºC. There was ...
Stability of Colletotrichum truncatum in Culture Influences Mycoherbicide Efficacy
Mycologia, 1994
Colletotrichum truncatum, a potential mycoherbicide for control of hemp sesbania, formed spontaneous variants on agar medium. The predominant variant produced more spores than the wild type on potato dextrose agar but the wild type produced more spores on Czapek-Dox agar. Spore yield of both types was greatly reduced on Czapek-Dox. In liquid culture, the variant spontaneously arose and gradually displaced the wild type. Although the variant produced more spores in liquid culture, it had reduced virulence. Displacement of wild type strains by similar variants in liquid fermentation may constrain production of this mycoherbicide and should be considered during the preparation of C. truncatum inocula.
Sensitivity of Colletotrichum acutatum Isolates to Selected Fungicides
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2015
Laboratory tests of six isolates of the pathogen Colletotrichum acutatum from different host plants demonstrated the varying sensitivity of pathogen with regard to mycelium growth and conidial germination after treatment with seven fungicides containing various active ingredients. None of the evaluated isolates was tolerant to the selected active ingredients in the fungicides. In tests of mycelium growth sensitivity, isolates from lupin and strawberry were most frequently identified as the most sensitive of all evaluated fungicides. The safflower isolate, on the other hand, most frequently exhibited the lowest reaction to fungicides. Differences in conidial germination of individual isolates were not detected in fungicides with the active ingredients dithianon, folpet and mancozeb, for which inhibition reached 100% in almost all isolates. The most significant differences in sensitivity among individual isolates were recorded in fungicides with the active ingredients azoxystrobin and...
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 1998
The effect of carbon concentration and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N) as well as their interaction on Colletotrichum coccodes growth and sporulation in submerged flask culture were evaluated. When C:N ratios were held constant, both mycelial dry biomass and spore yield increased with increasing carbon concentration. The specific spore yields (spore yield g −1 carbon), however, were not significantly different for the same C:N ratio in most cases. The highest spore yields (1.3 × 10 8 spores per ml) were obtained from media containing 20 g per liter carbon with C:N ratios ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. When the C:N ratio was greater than 15:1, spore yields were significantly decreased with increasing C:N ratios. High carbon concentration (20 g L −1) combined with high C:N ratios (above 15:1) reduced both mycelial growth and sporulation, and increased spore matrix production. Spores produced in medium containing 10 g L −1 carbon with C:N ratios from 10:1 to 15:1 had 90% germination on potato dextrose agar after 12 h and caused extensive shoot dry weight reduction on the target weed, velvetleaf. These results suggest that C:N ratios from 10:1 to 15:1 are optimal for C. coccodes spore production.
Crop Protection, 1995
Vegetable and mineral oil suspension emulsions of the potential mycoherbicide, Colletotrichum orbiculare, which causes anthracnose of Xanthium spinosum, were evaluated in field trials. Spores dried in kaolin were mixed with each of several vegetable or mineral oils and applied at zero, lOlo, lo", 5 X lo", or 10" spores ha-' at field sites in two seasons. In 1991-1992 oils improved mycoherbicide activity in comparison with spores applied in water only. In the second season, 1992-1993, there was no advantage in adding oils. The mechanism of the action of the oils remains to be clarified.
International Journal of Chemical Studies, 2021
Colletotrichum capsici infection will be higher in the mature stage of chilli plant than in the early stage of plant (Krairuan et al., 2008). The fungus prefers warm humid environment for spreading the anthracnose disease uniformly and effectively. All the two contact and six systemic fungicides evaluated in vitro were found fungistatic against Colletotrichum capsici. Among all these fungicides, Tricyclazole was found to be most effective with significantly maximum mycelial growth inhibition and least mycelial growth followed by fungicides viz. Azostrobin, Tebuconazole, Difenconazole, Propiconazole, Carbendazim + Mancozeb. While comparatively minimum average radial mycelial growth inhibition was recorded with Hexaconazole followed by Propineb. All the seven fungal and one bacterial antagonists evaluated in vitro were found antifungal against Colletotrichum capsici exhibited significant mycelial growth inhibition. However, Trichoderma asperallum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium virens recorded significantly highest mycelial growth inhibition. Rest of the bioagents, Trichoderma ligronum, Trichoderma koningii and Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Trichoderma hamatum tested also caused significant mycelial inhibition of the test pathogen.
Influence of Culture Media, Temperature and pH on Colletrotrichum gleosporioides, Isolated from.pdf
Colletotrichum gleosporioides is known as the causal agent of anthracnose disease. Economic losses are reported during postharvest where the disease incidence and severity was recorded as 90-98 % and 25-38 % respectively. Colletotrichum spp. were isolated from lesions of infected Carica papaya L. that showing the typical anthracnose disease symptoms in Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia. Three types of fungal cultures were obtained that are identified as Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp. and Rhizoctonia sp. One of the fungal obtained was confirmed as Colletotrichum gleosporioides based on conidial morphology and growth characteristics on PDA media. The pathogen under study varied in its ability to grow under different environmental conditions. However, isolate preferred temperature range of 20°C to 30°C for the growth on PDA media. C. gloeosporioides isolates grew well at pH values within range of pH6 to pH 7. Keywords: Colletotrichum gleosporioides, Fusarium sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Carica papaya, Plant Disease, Fungi
Plant, 2017
Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is an important food for millions of people in countries of Africa, Asia and Central America. The cultivation of taro suffers from an epidemic disease, the taro mildew, caused by P. colocasiae, which is a disease that manifests itself as oily and circular spots on tubers, stems, petioles and on taro leaves causing losses of more than 50% in less than ten days. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of this pathogen on the leaf area parameter in two varieties of taro (Ibo coco and Atangana) at different water levels, then evaluate the incidence of the disease severity on the leaves at different water levels and study the behavior of this pathogen on plants previously inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the genus Gigaspora magarrita and Acaullospora tuberculata. The plants were separated into three batches (control batch not infected, batch infected with pathogen and batch not only infected but also inoculated with AMF at different water contents (500 ml, 370 ml, 250 ml and 125 ml), the batch infected with the pathogen alone showed a reduction in the growth parameters compared to the control, and the inoculated and infected batch also showed a reduction in growth parameters but closer to the control. In addition, the speed of propagation of the lesion in the inoculated batch is reduced compared to that of the uninoculated batch, and this speed also decreases with the water content, as a result of which the mildew of taro develops easily. Moreover, the addition of AMF makes it possible to minimize its propagation.