Prevalence and Complications of Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes in Saudi Women: Analysis from Riyadh Mother and Baby Cohort Study (RAHMA) (original) (raw)
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International journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 2015
The presence of either diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) or GDM constitute a high-risk pregnancy. Given the high rate of DMT2 and GDM in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), no study has ever compared whether GDM outcomes are comparable to those with DMT2. The present study aims to compare for the first time, maternal and neonatal outcomes among Saudi patients with GDM, DMT2 and non-DM groups. This is a retrospective study covering data from 1718 pregnant patients admitted at King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, KSA from April 2011 to March 2013. The prevalence of GDM was 13.8%, DMT2 was 0.9%. DMT2 group had the highest mean parity and shortest mean gestational age as compared to other groups. Half of all the subjects in the DMT2 group also experienced preterm labor, as opposed to only 10% in GDM and 14% in the non-DM group, respectively. Finally, neonates delivered by DMT2 mothers had the highest percentage of admissions to NICU (33%) as compared to 10% in the non-DM group and only 5% in t...
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
Objectives: We aimed to find out the prevalence and associated risk factors of GDM among females who attended antenatal clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Methods: This retrospective study was carried out from 25th September 2016 till 20th December 2016, at the Endocrine Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, KAUH, Jeddah, SA. A total of 5000 women attended antenatal clinic and 637 women were referred to the endocrine clinic for GDM. The data of only 103 GDM was included in the study because only these patients’ complete data was available. The electronic record of 93 pregnant age and BMI matched females, not having GDM were selected as a control group. Results: The prevalence of GDM was 12.75% (637/5000). Parity was associated with GDM (X2=16.82, P=.001) and GDM was significantly higher in multigravida while no association of GDM was found with working status, place of living, hypertension, family history of DM and BMI. Logistic regression analysi...
Family medicine and primary care, 2021
Background: Pregnancy is a diabetogenic condition, with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) developing in 3 to 25% of all pregnancies. GDM has unfavorable short-and long-term consequences for both mothers and their children. We conducted this study aiming to assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes and associated risk factors during pregnancy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional survey study. GDM diagnosis was based on the universal two-hour 75 g OGTT. GDM cases were defined using the 75 g OGTT with at least one value of plasma glucose concentration equals to or exceeds the thresholds of 92 mg/dl, 180 mg/dl, and 153 mg/dl for fasting one-hour, and 2-hour post glucose, respectively. The data was collected by the study authors from patients' files using a data collection form that included the oral glucose tolerance test results in addition to the participants' socio-demographic data. Results: A total of 384 pregnant women were recruited, the highest percentage (29.7%) of them aged 26 to 30 years old, 35% were overweight and 24.5% were obese, and 72.4% were multi-parity. Based on the 2h OGTT, the prevalence of GDM was 32.6%. The univariate logistic regression analysis showed that old age, low educational level, higher BMI, family history of DM, higher rates of multi-parity, abortions, C-sections, and hypothyroidism were significant risk factors for GDM. On the other hand, there were no significant associations between occupational status, PCOS, preeclampsia, hypertension, asthma, and GDM. Conclusion: GDM diagnosed on basis of the OGTT criteria was very common among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. Overweight and obesity as well as older age were associated with an increased risk of GDM. Also, low educational level, family history of DM, GDM history, history of abortion, and C-section were all significant risk factors of GDM.
Gestational diabetes among Saudi women: prevalence, risk factors and pregnancy outcomes
Annals of Saudi Medicine, 2015
G estational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. 1,2 Previously, the prevalence of GDM was reported to range from 1 to 14%, depending on the population studied and the diagnostic tests employed. 3,4 However, the prevalence of GDM has increased since 2010 by 2to 3-fold, ranging from 8.9 to 53.4%. 5-15 This increment is mainly due to the adoption of the new criteria proposed by the International Association of Diabetes and
International Journal of Women's Health, 2011
The prevalence of gestational diabetes (GDM) is increasing all over the world. Hence, the impact of GDM on maternal and infant health is an important topic of research. No study has been conducted in Qatar to evaluate the outcome of pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of GDM, compare the maternal-neonatal complications among women with GDM and non-GDM pregnant women, and investigate the risk factors and potential outcomes associated with GDM. Design: This is a prospective cohort study. Setting: The survey was carried out at the antenatal clinics of the Women's Hospital, Qatar. Subjects and methods: A representative sample of 2056 pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinics of the Women's Hospital were surveyed during the period from the first week of January 2010 to April 2011. From this sample, 1608 women (78.2%) expressed their consent to participate in the study. Questionnaires were administered to pregnant women who were seeking antenatal care at this urban hospital. The questionnaire covered variables related to sociodemographic factors, family history, medical history, maternal complications, and neonatal outcome. Results: The prevalence of GDM in Qatar was 16.3%. Women with GDM were significantly higher in the age group of 35-45 years (45%; P = 0.001). Family history of diabetes (31.7%; P , 0.001), increased parity (55.3%; P = 0.004), and obesity (59.2%; P , 0.001) were determinants of GDM in pregnant women. Maternal complications like pregnancy-induced hypertension (19.1% vs 10.3%; P , 0.001), pre-eclampsia (7.3% vs 3.8%; P = 0.012), antepartum hemorrhage (19.2% vs 14.6%; P = 0.05), and cesarean (27.9% vs 12.4%; P , 0.001) were significantly higher in GDM women. Neonates were at increased risk of preterm birth (12.6% vs 8.3%; P = 0.03), macrosomia (10.3% vs 5.9%; P = 0.01), and birth trauma (8% vs 3%; P , 0.001).
Predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus in a highparity community in Saudi Arabia
Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2010
A study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia investigated the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its predictors in a high-parity group of pregnant women (n = 633, 50.1% grand multiparas). The prevalence of GDM was 12.5% and 3.8% by World Health Organization and American Diabetes Association criteria respectively. Multiparous women were 8.29 times more likely to have GDM than nulliparous women. However, after adjustment for maternal age and history of abortion, nulliparous women were 2.95 times more likely to develop GDM than parous women. The probability of GDM for a parous woman increased from 2% to 21% when age increased from 20 to 40 years. The high rate of GDM among grand multiparas may be due to the confounding effect of maternal age.
Saudi medical journal, 2018
To determine the perinatal and neonatal morbidity related to diabetes associated with pregnancy. This is a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary university hospital in Central Saudi Arabia. All neonates born to mothers with pregnancy associated diabetes between July 2014 and June 2015 were recruited for the purpose of this study. Infants born at 23 weeks or less, infants who died within 3 hours of delivery, twins, and unbooked pregnant ladies were excluded from the study. A total of 279 ladies and 289 infants were enrolled in the study. Gestational diabetes was observed in 84.5% of study subjects, type 1 diabetes in 2.8%, and type 2 diabetes in 12.5% of the females that were examined. A variety of neonatal complications were observed in infants of diabetic mothers including macrosomia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress syndrome, and congenital malformations. Macrosomia, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, and NICU admission co...
Saudi Medical Journal, 2020
Objectives: To measure the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its risk factors in Saudi Arabia, in comparison with developed and developing countries worldwide. Methods: We enrolled pregnant women aged 15-45 years who visited 3 National Guard-Health Affairs' primary health care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between January 2017 and December 2017. We used stratified samples and computer-generated random numbers to collect data. This data includes demographics, obstetric history, blood pressure, non-fasting 1-hour glucose challenge test (GCT), 3-hour oral glucose tolerance Original Article test (OGTT), hemoglobin level, rubella immunization status, hepatitis B surface antigen status, urinalysis results, and labor, and delivery notes. We categorized the patients into 2 groups, GDM and non-GDM, based on GCT and OGTT. Results: We enrolled 347 women in the study (mean age, 28.8±6 years; range, 18-45 years). On GCT, 36.6% of women showed abnormal values and 6.9% exhibited diagnostic values. Oral glucose tolerance test indicated impairment in 18.7% of patients and a diagnostic finding in 15% of patients. Women diagnosed with GDM tended to be older and have greater body mass index (BMI) values. Conclusion: The prevalence of GDM in Saudi Arabia is high compared to other countries. Advanced maternal age and higher BMI values were associated with increased prevalence of GDM. Thus, early prevention and management of GDM is vital to minimize the risks to both the mother and fetus.
The Impact of Diabetes on Pregnancy in Qatar
Qatar Medical Journal, 2009
Objectives: To investigate maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies in women with different types of diabetes in Qatar. To identify factors such as age, family history of diabetes and obesity contributing to the increased risk of GD. Design: The design of this study is retrospective. Materials and Methods: il4 pregnant women with different types of diabetes including 143(28%) Impaired Glucose Tolerance Test (IGTT), 334(65%) Gestational Diabetes (GD), 26(5%) Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and 11(2%) Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) who delivered between Jan - June 2004formed the subject of this study.Data extracted from the files included maternal characteristics, fetal and maternal complications. Result: Eight women had abortions and two had stillbirths, leaving a final dataset comprising 504 women (141 IGTT, 332 GDM, 21 IDDM and 10 NIDDM). Two hundred and eighty three (56.2%) were Qatari.53 %(n = 267) aged >30 years, 57.5 %(n = 290) had family his...
Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, 2020
OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted in order to explore and analyze the status of gestational diabetes (GDM) amongst pregnant women in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE); a country with high prevalence of diabetes. We aimed to describe GDM-associated risk factors and clinical outcomes of pregnant women and their neonates. Our objective was to contribute to the broader literature on reproductive health disparities and to inform efforts to improve GDM care at our region. METHODS: Chart review of case records were used to collect data on both maternal and neonatal parameters and outcomes during the specified study period from two main maternity hospitals in Dubai. RESULTS: UAE national women with GDM were more prone to be obese or overweight compared to non-UAE women (p < 0.0001, and p < 0.0001 respectively). In addition, UAE national women with GDM had higher history of GDM in previous pregnancies (p < 0.0001) and more family history of diabetes (p < 0.0001). The neonate a...