An Archaeological Survey of 307 Acres at Camp Swift, Bastrop County, Texas: 2003 (original) (raw)
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An Archaeological Survey of 3,475 Acres at Camp Swift, Bastrop County, Texas: 2005
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2008
Management Objectives The Texas Military Forces (TXMF) conducts military training on Camp Swift, an approximately 11,500-acre tract in northern Bastrop County, Texas. TXMF is responsible for complying with federal legislation regarding the assessment and management of environmental and cultural resources. This cultural resource inventory by the Center for Archaeological Studies (CAS), Texas State University-San Marcos, was conducted between November 2005 and October 2006, under Section 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). During the survey of 3,475 acres, 168 sites were recorded and 110 of these were newly discovered sites; however, five of these sites were outside of the survey boundary. Fifty-eight sites had been discovered by previous archaeological projects, but four of them could not be relocated. The 54 sites that were relocated were more fully documented in this report. Based on area, the site densities have increased threefold. These results provide a more accurate inventory of prehistoric and historic sites at Camp Swift and demonstrate that intensive surveys linked with systematic shovel test excavations are the most dependable method for discovering sites at this facility.
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2004
The Texas Army National Guard conducts military training on Camp Swift, an approximately 11,500acre tract in northern Bastrop County, Texas. As required by law, an environmental assessment of the area was conducted with pedestrian surveys beginning as early as 1979. The Adjutant General's Department of Texas (AGTX) was charged with oversight management of archaeological compliance for the Camp. The survey was undertaken to meet requirements under sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Under sections 106 and 110 of the NHPA, the protection of cultural resources is related to their eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which is in turn dependent on their NRHP significance as defined in 36 CFR Part 60. The National Historic Preservation Act Amendments of 1992 clarified Section 110 and directed federal agencies to establish preservation programs corresponding to their activities and effects on historic properties. Under Section 110, federal agencies may evaluate the significance of cultural resources not currently threatened to assist with the development of preservation planning. The purpose of the surveys was to provide the Texas National Guard with recommendations as to the eligibility of the sites for nomination to the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). In the case of prehistoric sites, significance is often based on Criterion D of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) as defined by the National Park Service in 36 CFR 60. The significance of a site under Criterion D, and therefore its eligibility for listing on the NHRP, is based on its having yielded information important in history or prehistory, or on its having the potential to yield such information in the future. The question of what information is important, a point not addressed in the NRHP, is a function of research questions or developed historic contexts. Contracting Parties The Center for Archaeological Studies (CAS) of Southwest Texas State University (now Texas State University-San Marcos) contracted with the sponsoring agency, the Texas Army National Guard. The investigations were conducted under interagency cooperative agreement number TX 01-ENV-29 401-2-4652. C. Britt Bousman and David L. Nickels served as co-principal investigators for the 2002-2003 project. David L. Nickels directed the daily field operations.
Camp Maxey III, Archaeological Testing of 23 Prehistoric Sites, Lamar County, Texas
2001
41LR286) located within the Camp Maxey training facility in north Lamar County, Texas, under contract with Texas Army National Guard. The investigations were conducted under Texas Antiquities Permit Number 2180. The Phase II testing fieldwork consisted of excavation of backhoe trenches, shovel tests, and excavation/test units across the sites to investigate significant cultural deposits encountered during the previous survey phases. In concert with the archaeological field investigations, the following special analyses and studies were performed to aid the determination of site integrity and eligibility: geoarchaeology, radiocarbon, lithic, native ceramic, and magnetic sediment susceptibility. The synthesis of these analyses has provided adequate data to determine temporal integrity and recommendation of National Register eligibility for 41LR152, 41LR164, 41LR186, and 41LR187. Further cultural resources investigations in the form of Phase III data recovery excavations are thus recommended for these sites prior to proposed development.
An Archaeological Survey of 90 Acres at Camp Bowie, Brown County, Texas
Index of Texas archaeology, 2001
In February, March, and May of 2001, personnel from the Center for Archaeological Research (CAR), The University of Texas at San Antonio, conducted a cultural resource inventory survey, involving pedestrian survey and shovel testing, of an approximately 90-acre (364,060 m 2) tract of land in a plowed field on Camp Bowie, Brown County, Texas. A total of 104 shovel tests were systematically placed within the 90-acre area. The survey identified three prehistoric sites, all lithic scatters defined by surface material. Twelve additional shovel tests were placed on these three sites. An arrow point fragment, collected from the surface of 41BR499, suggests a Late Prehistoric affiliation for this site. Dart points collected from 41BR500 suggest a Late Archaic use of this area. Finally, an arrow point, collected from 41BR501, suggests a Late Prehistoric component at this site. In addition, a single whole mano was collected from the surface of 41BR500.
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2006
The Texas Army National Guard (TXARNG) conducts military training on Camp Swift, an approximately 11,500-acre tract in northern Bastrop County, Texas. The TXARNG is responsible for complying with federal legislation regarding the assessment and management of environmental and cultural resources. An earlier cultural resources assessment by the Center for Archaeological Studies (CAS), Texas State University-San Marcos, conducted under compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NRHP), identifi ed 11 sites deemed potentially capable of contributing meaningful information on the record of prehistoric human occupation at Camp Swift. In particular, Criterion D of National Park Service Rule 36 CFR Part 60, addressing sites or properties that have yielded, or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history, is often used for assessing the potential NRHP eligibility of Camp Swift prehistoric sites. These 11 sites were shown by survey and shovel tests to contain or potentially contain signifi cant cultural deposits including intact burned rock features. Eight of these sites (41BP105, 41BP111, 41BP113, 41BP118, 41BP121, 41BP471, 41BP491, 41BP528), containing robust deposits but no specifi c features, were selected for more extensive examination before recommendations for additional research could be fi nalized. This work was carried out by CAS archaeologists in October of 2005. The remaining three (41BP91, 41BP100, 41BP471) will be examined in more detail through a combination of hand-excavated units and backhoe trenching in a future effort. The current report describes the results of work carried out at the eight sites, evaluates those fi ndings in a local and regional culture historical framework, and provides recommendations to the TXARNG for treatment of those sites so that they can fulfi ll their Section 106 obligations.
Camp Maxey IV Archaeological Testing of Six Sites, Lamar County, Texas
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 2002
From June 14 through July 4, 2001, the Center for Archaeological Research of The University of Texas at San Antonio conducted National Register of Historic Places eligibility testing of six prehistoric archaeological sites (41LR190, 41LR194, 41LR196, 41LR200, 41LR258, and 41LR259) at Camp Maxey, Lamar County, Texas, under contract with the Texas Army National Guard. The investigations were conducted under Texas Antiquities Permit No. 2180. The Phase II testing fieldwork consisted of the excavation of twelve backhoe trenches and nineteen 1 x 1-m test units across the sites to investigate significant cultural deposits encountered during the previous survey phase. In concert with the archaeological field investigations, lithic and native ceramic analyses and magnetic sediment susceptibility studies were performed to aid in the determination of site integrity and eligibility. The synthesis of these analyses has provided adequate data to determine temporal integrity and recommendation of National Register eligibility for site 41LR190. Further cultural resources investigations in the form of Phase III data recovery excavations are thus recommended for this site prior to proposed development. Conversely, due to lack of significance criteria, sites 41LR194, 41LR196, 41LR200, 41LR258, and 41LR259 are recommended as ineligible for inclusion in the National Register and require no further cultural resources investigations.
Phase II Archaeological Investigations at Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas
Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State, 1997
The Center for Archaeological Research (CAR) of The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) conducted significance testing at eight prehistoric archaeological sites at Lackland Air Force Base Medina Annex in Bexar County, Texas, for the Department ofthe Air Force under Sections 106 and 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The Air Force had selected two areas of Medina Annex for possible impact associated with the construction of on-base housing. Alternate 1, the Medina Annex Housing Area, includes sites 41 BXl 088, 41BX1090 and 41BXI091. Alternate 2, the Medina Dog Training Area, includes sites 4IBX1070, 41BXll02, 41 BXII 03, and 41 BX1114. Site 41BXI 076 is located outside ofthe impact areas and was tested under Section 110. A previously unrecorded site, 41BXI208, was located during the course of the testing project in Alternate 2. The site, a small lithic scatter, was inspected and mapped. Based on the results of the testing at the Medina Annex, CAR recommends to WACC that two sites-41BXII02 and 41BX1I 03-are eligible for NRHP designation. CAR recommends that the testing project has exhausted the research potential of the remaining sites-4lBX1 070, 41BXI 076, 41 BXl 088,41 BXl 090, 41BX1091, and 41BX llI4-which are all recommended as ineligible for NRHP nomination. CAR therefore recommends that construction should be allowed to proceed in the Medina Annex Housing Area (Alternate 1
National Register Testing of 42 Prehistoric Archeological Sites on Fort Hood, Texas: The 1996 Season
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