Current Incidence of Retinopathy of Prematurity, 1989-1997 (original) (raw)
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Retinopathy of prematurity: Risk factors and associated co-morbidities
PANACEA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, 2022
over 18 months. Various risk factors and co-morbidities for ROP were assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Out of the studied 164 infants, 29 infants (17.68%) developed ROP in one or both eyes; 51.72% (15/29) had stage 1, 31.03% (9/29) had stage 2, 10.35 % (3/29) had stage 3, and 6.90% (2/29) babies had aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (APROP). On univariate analysis, we observed a significant association between ROP and gestational age, low birth weight, multiple gestations, mechanical ventilation, history and duration of oxygen supplementation, history of blood transfusion, respiratory distress syndrome, apnea and sepsis. However, after multivariate analysis, only low birth weight, oxygen therapy, respiratory distress syndrome and apnea were found to have a significant association with ROP. Conclusion: A prevalence of 17.68% emphasises the importance of neonatal screening in this region. Low birth weight, oxygen therapy, apnea, respiratory distress syndrome pose significant risk factors for ROP. Supplemental oxygen should be weaned off as early as possible, This is an Open Access (OA) journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Incidence and Risk Factor: A Hospital Based Study
IOSR Journals , 2019
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), which was previously called as Retrolental Fibroplasia (RFL), is a vaso-proliferative disorder of the retina. Preterm low birth weight infants are more prone for this disease those are exposed to large amount of Oxygen. Objectives: To study the incidence of ROP in preterm infants with a gestational age of ≤ 32 weeks or a birth weight of less than 1500 grams admitted to NICU for a period of 1 year. To identify the risk factor which could influence the development of ROP. Result: Out of 347 admission to NICU, 122 satisfied inclusion criteria. 20 babies developed any stage of ROP and 102 babies who did not develop ROP were termed as NON ROP. The mean birth weight among ROP was calculated 1178.70 ±309.513gm and NON ROP was1288.69±148.447gm .Overall incidence of ROP in this study was 16.39%. Statistical analysis showed Birth weight (p<0.001), Gestational age(p<0.016).Oxygen supplementation(p=0.000),Apnea(p<0.001),Sepsis(p=0.009),Anemia needing blood transfusion(p=0.0329), CPAP(P=0.000) were found risk factor for developing ROP. However Surfactant therapy, Mechanical Ventilation and Phototherapy were found insignificant. Conclusion: The timely retinal screening in high-risk preterm infants is important to prevent the development of ROP and its complications.
Journal of Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2019
Background: Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder that increases in incidence with gestational age. ROP is a vascular retinal disease that can cause low vision or blindness. ROP is a common blinding disease in children which is becoming increasingly prevalent in the developing world. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its association with risk factors such as low birth weight, gestational age, oxygen therapy, respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis among premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad. Methods: Retrospective chart review of all infants admitted to the NICU between July 2017 and July 2019, who met the criteria for ROP screening: (a) ≤32 weeks of gestation, (b) ≤1.500 kg of birth weight, (c) infants with significant risk factors including sepsis, respiratory distress syndrome, or long-term oxygen use. Treatment was offered to infants with Stage III ROP disease or Stage II in Zone II with plus disease. Qualified infants were treated with argon laser photocoagulation within 48 h of diagnosis. Results : A total of 233 neonates who met the criteria were screened for ROP. Incidence of ROP was found to be 35.62% among the babies screened (n=83) majority of whom had stage 1 ROP (83.13%). Maximum incidence was seen in neonates of gestational age between 32-35 weeks (54.22%) and neonates of birth weight between 0.750 and 1.500 kg (85.54%). Other prevalent risk factors for development of ROP include Respiratory Distress Syndrome (59%) and Oxygen therapy (65%). Four neonates were found with plus disease and six neonates required laser treatment. Conclusion: The present study reflects the problem of ROP in a tertiary care centre. Prematurity, Low Birth Weight (LBW), high oxygen supplementation, respiratory distress syndrome were found to be independent risk factors in the development of ROP in neonates. Because of advancements in neonatal intensive care in developing countries and higher survival rate of premature infants, the incidence of ROP has increased. Unrecognized and untreated ROP will cause potential blindness in children. Hence, to prevent the adverse visual outcome and possible blindness; timely screening, recognition, and treatment of ROP is essential.
American journal of ophthalmology, 2015
To characterize the frequency of and clinical indications for which experts treat retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) milder than Type 1 disease, the recommended threshold for treatment from established consensus guidelines. Descriptive analysis METHODS: Setting: Multicenter. A database of 1444 eyes generated prospectively from all babies screened for ROP at one of 6 major ROP centers whose parents provided informed consent. Retrospective review of the database and charts to identify all patients treated for ROP milder than Type 1. Indication(s) for treatment. 137 eyes of 70 infants were treated for ROP. Of these 137 eyes, 13 (9.5%) were treated despite a clinical diagnosis milder than Type 1 ROP. Indications for treatment included: active ROP with the fellow eye being treated for Type 1 ROP (2 eyes, 15.4%); concerning structural changes (9 eyes, 69.2%), including tangential traction with temporal vessel straightening concerning for macular dragging (8 eyes, 61.5%) and thick stage 3 me...
The Early Treatment for Retinopathy Of Prematurity Study: structural findings at age 2 years
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2006
To determine whether earlier treatment of high-risk, prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) improves retinal structural outcome at 2 years of age. Methods: Infants with bilateral high-risk prethreshold ROP had one eye randomly assigned to treatment with peripheral retinal ablation. The fellow eye was managed conventionally, and either treated at threshold ROP or observed if threshold was never reached. In patients with asymmetrical disease, the highrisk, prethreshold eye was randomised to earlier treatment or to conventional management. At 2 years of age, children were examined comprehensively by certified ophthalmologists to determine structural outcomes for their eyes. For the purposes of this study, an unfavourable structural outcome was defined as (1) a posterior retinal fold involving the macula, (2) a retinal detachment involving the macula or (3) retrolental tissue or ''mass'' obscuring the view of the posterior pole. Results of the 2-year examination were compared with those from the 9 months examination. Results: Data were available on 339 of 374 (90.6%) surviving children. Unfavourable structural outcomes were reduced from 15.4% in conventionally managed eyes to 9.1% in earlier-treated eyes (p = 0.002) at 2 years of age. Ophthalmic side effects (excluding retinal structure) from the ROP or its treatment were similar in the earlier-treated eyes and the conventionally managed eyes. Conclusion: The benefit of earlier treatment of high-risk prethreshold ROP on retinal structure endures to 2 years of age, and is not counterbalanced by any known side effect caused by earlier intervention. Earlier treatment improves the chance for long-term favourable retinal structural outcome in eyes with high-risk prethreshold ROP. Long-term follow-up is planned to determine structural and functional outcomes at 6 years of age.
Retinopathy of prematurity in infants with late retinal examination
Journal of Ophthalmic & …, 2009
Purpose: To report the incidence, severity and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants with late ROP examination in Farabi Eye Hospital. Methods: In a retrospective study from January 2001 to July 2007, hospital records of premature infants who were examined later than 9 weeks after birth were reviewed to determine the incidence, severity and possible risk factors of ROP including gender, singleton or multiple gestations, gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), oxygen therapy, blood transfusion, phototherapy, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), mechanical ventilation, intraventricular hemorrhage and sepsis as well as age at initial examination. Results: Out of a total of 797 infants referred for ROP screening during the study period, 216 (27.1%) had late examinations at a mean age of 141.7±150.4 (range 64-1,460) days. Of these, 87 (40.3%) had different stages of ROP, 65 (30.1%) had stage 4 or 5 disease including 34 (16.2%) infants with stage 5 ROP in both eyes which was untreatable. Lower GA (P<0.001), RDS (P=0.041) and blood transfusion (P=0.009) were associated with the development of ROP. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of ROP and the incidence of severe ROP in particular, were unacceptably high in premature infants with late screening. These findings necessitate interventions to optimize timely referral for screening of premature infants.
The decreasing incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity
Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 1999
We sought to determine whether the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at our institution has changed since the Cryo-ROP recruitment period 10 years ago. Methods: We determined the incidences of threshold ROP, prethreshold ROP, less-than-prethreshold ROP, and no disease for each of 3 birth weight classes (<750 g, 750 to 999 g, and 1000 to 1250 g) of infants born between July 1, 1995, and June 30, 1996, and cared for in the Vanderbilt Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. We then compared these with the rates from our institution during the Cryo-ROP study recruitment period (January 1, 1986, to November 30, 1987. Results: The current incidence and severity of ROP have decreased substantially overall and for each weight group compared with the 1986-87 incidence (P < .001, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test). The incidence of "any ROP" decreased by 27% for infants with birth weights less than 750 g, by 51% for infants 750 to 999 g, and by 71% for infants 1000 to 1250 g. The incidence of "prethreshold or greater ROP" decreased by 70% for the 750 to 999 g and 77% for the 1000 to 1250 g weight groups. Although the decrease in "prethreshold or greater ROP" was not as dramatic (25%) for the infants less than 750 g, only 1 infant (10%) progressed to threshold disease in this group, whereas 7 (47%) did in 1986-87. The incidence of threshold ROP decreased by 84% for infants less than 750 g and by 66% for infants 750 to 999 g. No infant with birthweight greater than 999 g progressed to threshold ROP. Conclusions: The incidence of all levels of ROP has decreased substantially for all infants with birth weights less than 1251g at Vanderbilt University Medical Center during the past decade. Putative factors responsible for this decrease may include surfactant use, continuous pulse oximetry, aggressive use of antenatal steroids, and improved neonatal nutritional support. (J AAPOS 1999;3:46-52)