Cognitive Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus in Jos, North-Central Nigeria (original) (raw)
Related papers
2014
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) could be associated with cognitive impairment. The spectrum of cognitive impairment ranges from mild deficits that are not clinically detectable to the most severe clinical form, dementia. Some of the potential mechanisms include the effects of brain infarcts, white matter disease, hyperinsulinaemia, advanced glycosylated end products, and Lipoprotein related proteins (LRP). There is limited data on the prevalence of cognitive impairment amongst type 2 DM patients in southeast Nigeria. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in type 2 DM patients attending a diabetic clinic in Abakaliki southeast Nigeria. It is a cross-sectional, descriptive and hospital based study carried out over a three months period (October 2013 to September 2014). Mini mental state examination (MMSE) was used for cognitive functions assessment and interpreted as follows; a score of 25-30 as normal, and ≤ 24 as cognitive impairment. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19 software. Out of 499 type 2 DM patients that were screened for the study, 450 were eligible for the study with male to female sex ratio of 2 (190):3 (260). The age range was 30-89 years with mean age of 59.43 ± 9.28 years. One hundred and eighty (40%) patients had cognitive impairment with male to female sex distribution of 55 (28.9%) and 125 (48.1%) respectively. Advanced age, low education attainment, unskilled occupation and presence of diabetic complications were the identified risk factors for cognitive impairment. Mini mental state examination should be a frequent tool in routine assessment of diabetic patients as it is simple and sensitive in detecting cognitive impairment. Also, identified modifiable risk factors should be corrected.
Journal of Public Health and Epidemiology, 2017
Cognitive impairment is the major health problem particularly in elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of cognitive impairment and associated factors among type 2 diabetics in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, 2016. Comparative cross sectional study was employed among 105 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 105 matched healthy individuals at Jimma University Specialized Hospital using consecutive sampling technique. Mini-mental state examination scale was used to measure cognitive function. Frequency, independent t-test, and logistic regression were carried to present data. Variables with p≤0.05 were considered as significant association between dependent and outcome variables. Prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher than healthy individuals (53.3%). Age, occupations, fasting blood glucose level, and type of treatment options for diabetics were the predictors of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The prevalence of cognitive impairment among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was significantly higher than non-diabetes study participants. This study was intended to offer information on cognitive impairment and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients to concerned bodies in designing diagnosis and management strategies particularly focusing on counseling in preventing risk factors.
Activitas Nervosa Superior, 2012
Aims of this study was to determine the relationship between diabetes and cognitive impairment is respect of the age of onset and duration of diabetes, other complication of diabetes mellitus and effect of short term glycemic control on cognitive impairment. In the clinical study 50 diabetic patients were examined clinically for evidence of cognitive dysfunction by "Kolkata Cognitive Screening Battery". The scores were compared with the normative data on global cognitive functioning in a population within an urban Indian context. Those having cognitive impairment, follow up was done for six months with adequate anti-diabetic drugs to control their blood sugar strictly (HbA1C <7%). Those who had adequate blood sugar control were again interviewed similarly. The scores were compared with previous values. Results show that cognitive dysfunction was associated with diabetes. Recognition, fluency and immediate memory were most commonly affected. Calculation was least affected. No significant correlation found between cognitive decline with either duration or age of onset of diabetes. The cognitive decline appeared to be reversible as improvement of some mental faculties after strict blood sugar control. In conclusion we have found that cognitive decline was associated with diabetes but not directly related to the duration and age of onset of diabetes. On the other hand, control of diabetes lead to improvement of cognitive function.
Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society, 2018
The relationship between dementia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older adults is well established in the literature. However, there have been few studies on this relationship in older adults living in low- and middle-income countries, and most demographic projections predict that older adult population will increase substantially in these regions by 2050. In this study, older adults with T2DM attending a tertiary health facility were examined and compared with community-dwelling older adults without T2DM. The participants were assessed using the Consortium to Establish Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, the Stick Design Test, the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Additionally, all the participants had a physical examination, including assessment of glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and HIV status. A consensus diagnosis of dementia was made based on the criteria for dementia in the Diagnosti...
Description of Cognitive Function in Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review
2021
Cognitive decline in diabetes mellitus is not fully understood, though is generally ascribed to blood sugar levels exceeding normal (hyperglycemia), hypoglycemia conditions and insulin resistance. Cognitive function consists of aspects of memory, attention, executive function, perception, language, and psychomotor functions which affect the decline in cognitive function, especially in people with Diabetes Mellitus. This study aims to summarize the results of research on cognitive function in people with Diabetes Mellitus. The research method used was a literature review with an assessment using JBI critical appraisal tools. Articles were sourced via the PubMed database and Google Scholar using the search term ‘Cognitive Function AND Diabetes Mellitus’. The inclusion criteria were studies with quantitative design, full text, a population comprised of patients with Diabetes Mellitus, written in Indonesian or English. Six articles were reviewed, all the results state that patients with...
Journal of Personalized Medicine
The goal of this research is to study the prevalence of cognitive impairment in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and establish the necessity of detecting and treating it early in these patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mysuru for 4 months examined diabetic patients (test) and nondiabetic subjects (control) for cognitive decline using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) tool. Cognitive functions such as visuospatial/executive function, naming, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation were assessed in both groups. The diabetic group showed a significantly lower total MoCA score than the non-diabetic group (18.99 ± 0.48 and 26.21 ± 0.46, respectively; p < 0.001). Assessment of scores in diabetic patients demonstrated the significant influence of age demographics on cognitive impairment (p-value < 0.001). Furthermore, a higher proportion of diabetic patients displayed cognitive impairment despite a higher sc...
International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 2018
Background: To evaluate the impact of type-II diabetes mellitus on cognitive function and to assess the factors associated with impaired function.Methods: This prospective study compared 100 type-II diabetic people attending the diabetic clinic of Tirunelveli Medical College Hospital with another 100 membered control group. The study group was selected randomly between the age group of 45-65 years. A neuro-cognitive assessment was done using Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE), which is a simple and reliable screening test. This scale has 12 questions with time limits to assess orientation, memory, calculation, language, attention and construction. Magnitude and severity of cognitive decrement were analysed along with the possible factors affecting it.Results: Mean age of the study population was 54.6±7.24 years. Cognitive impairment was noted among 62 of cases and 48 of the control group, which means a 14% higher prevalence of cognitive impairment among the type 2 di...
Evaluation of cognitive functions in diabetic patients
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Background: Diabetes Mellitus is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. In this study, authors investigated cognitive functions in the diabetes and control group with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Authors analyzed the association of cognitive status with age, sex, duration of diabetes, insulin use and HbA1c in diabetic patients.Methods: Fifty patients with diabetes diagnosed between the ages of 50 and 70 who applied to this Diabetes and General Internal Medicine Clinics between January 2017 and September 2017 were included. Fifty patients with nondiabetes diagnosed with similar age and demographic characteristics were included in the control group. MMSE was applied to both groups. In the diabetic group, cognitive functions were investigated in relation with age, gender, duration of diabetes, insulin usage and HbA1c.Results: The MMSE score in diabetic patients was lower than the control group (p<0.05). In addition, cognitive impairment in diabeti...
Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes—systematic overview of prospective observational studies
Diabetologia, 2005
Aims/hypothesis: We systematically reviewed and summarised prospective data relating diabetes status to changes in cognitive function over time. Methods: Published reports of longitudinal studies that described assessment of cognitive function in people with diabetes were sought. Studies were included if they assessed cognitive function in participants with diabetes at the beginning and at follow-up. Studies were excluded if they had (1) a follow-up period of less than 1 year, (2) a rate of loss to followup in excess of 30%, or (3) described selected subgroups. Change in cognitive function was recorded as either the mean change in score and/or the proportion of individuals developing various degrees of change in cognitive function. A pooled estimate was calculated for the latter. Results: Of 1,165 abstracts and titles initially identified, 25 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Individuals with diabetes had a 1.2-to 1.5-fold greater change over time in measures of cognitive function than those without diabetes. When assessed by the Mini-Mental State Exam and the Digit Symbol Span tests, a diagnosis of diabetes increased the odds of cognitive decline 1.2-fold (95% CI 1.05-1.4) and 1.7-fold (95% CI 1.3-2.3), respectively. The odds of future dementia increased 1.6-fold (95% CI 1.4-1.8). Conclusions/ interpretation: Compared to people without diabetes, people with diabetes have a greater rate of decline in cognitive function and a greater risk of cognitive decline. Cognitive dysfunction should therefore be added to the list of chronic complications of diabetes.