Forte et al.2014 Postural control moderates (original) (raw)
Related papers
Relationship Between Measures of Balance and Strength in Middle-Aged Adults
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 2012
Muehlbauer, T, Gollhofer, A, and Granacher, U. Relationship between measures of balance and strength in middle-aged adults. J Strength Cond Res 26(9): 2401-2407, 2012-The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between variables of static and dynamic postural control as well as between isometric and dynamic muscle strength. A single-group design was used. Thirty-two middle-aged healthy adults (mean age: 56 6 4 years) performed measurements of static (unperturbed)/dynamic (perturbed) balance and of isometric (i.e., maximal isometric torque [MIT]; rate of torque development [RTD] of the plantar flexor)/dynamic (i.e., countermovement jump [CMJ] height and power) lower extremity muscle strength. No significant associations were observed between variables of static and dynamic postural control (r = +0.128-0.341, p . 0.05) and between measures of balance and strength (r = 20.189 to +0.316, p . 0.05). Significant positive correlations were detected between variables of isometric and dynamic strength ranging from r = +0.361 to +0.501 (p , 0.05). Further, simple regression analyses revealed that a 10% increase in the mean CMJ height (3.1 cm) was associated with 44.4 NÁm and 118.4 NÁmÁs 21 better MIT and RTD, respectively. The nonsignificant correlations between static and dynamic balance measures and between balance and strength variables imply that static and dynamic postural control and balance and strength are independent of each other and may have to be tested and trained complementarily.
Effectiveness of a balance exercise program to improve postural control in older adults
International journal of physical education, sports and health, 2020
Background: Balance is a fundamental ability of human movement. Aging and all neuromusculoskeletal disorders result in decreased postural control and falls. Therapeutic exercise is an effective tool to improve postural control. Balance exercise programs have proved to be helpful for older adults. This study is to measure the level of physical activity in older adults and determine the effect of a balance exercise program to improve on postural control in older adults. Objective: The objective of the study is to measure the level of physical activity in older adults and determine the effect of a balance exercise program to improve on postural control in older adults. Methodology: An interventional study was conducted to find the effectiveness of balance exercise in older adults to improve postural control. Convenient samples of 30 older adults < 50 years with normal BMI were assessed and underwent intervention process based on inclusion criteria. International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess level of physical activity in subjects and Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment used before and after exercise program to assess balance &gait. The exercise was given of weekly thrice 1 hour session over a 4 week period. Result: Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics and paired t tests. Mean and standard deviation of the collected data of POMA are 21.76 +3.69 in before and 26.86 +1.4 in after treatment. The results of IPAQ in collected data are high and moderate level of physical activity. The t tests show significant improvement in pre and post treatment (before and after balance exercise). i.e. POMA-T = 7.921(p=0.000), POMA-G = 4.527(p=0.000) and POMA-B = 9.279(p=0.000). Conclusion: This study concludes that balance exercise program that improved postural control in older adults with normal BMI. And these interventions are help to reduce the risk of falls. The balance exercise program was given only for 4 week period.
Static postural balance in healthy individuals: Comparisons between three age groups
Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 2014
The aim of the study was to compare static postural balance of healthy individuals of three age groups in different conditions of support and vision. Seventy one individuals, divided into 3 groups, were analyzed: young group (YG: 22.2 ± 2.1 years), middle aged group (MAG: 50.7 ± 5.7 years) and older individuals group (EG: 66.8 ± 5.4 years). Their balance was tested on a force platform, under 3 support and 3 visual conditions. Measures included: total (TD), anterior-posterior (APD) and mediolateral displacement (MLD) of the center of pressure (CoP). ANOVA revealed significant differences for interactions between group X support conditions and group X visual conditions for the 3 variables (p<0.01), with greater displacements for the MAG and EG groups during single-leg stance with partial and occluded vision (p<0.05). Static postural balance decreased over time in healthy individuals, and conditions of support and visual negatively affected balance with the increment of age.
Can functional exercise capacity discriminate older individuals with poor postural control?
Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 2015
Postural instability can be related to functional limitations as a result of the aging process. This study aimed to compare functional exercise capacity and postural control in older adults. Participants were allocated into three groups according to their functional exercise capacity based on the six minute walking test (6MWT): 1) Low performance group (LP: distance walked ≤ 80% of the predicted value n = 19), 2) Normal performance group (NP: distance walked 81-100% of the predicted value n = 21) and, 3) High performance group (HP: distance walked >100% of the predicted value n = 23). All groups performed three trials of a one-leg stance for 30s on a force platform. LP showed worse postural control in comparison to NP and HP, and significant differences (p < .05) were found between groups for area, velocity antero-posterior of center of pressure and time limit variables during the one-leg stance task. These results have implications for rehabilitation management with regard to...
Balance Performance Is Task Specific in Older Adults
BioMed Research International
Balance ability among the elderly is a key component in the activities of daily living and is divided into two types: static and dynamic. For clinicians who wish to assess the risk of falling among their elderly patients, it is unclear if more than one type of balance test can be used to measure their balance impairment. In this study, we examined the association between static balance measures and two dynamic balance field tests. One hundred and twelve community-dwelling older adults (mean age 74.6) participated in the study. They underwent the Tetrax static postural assessment and then performed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and the Functional Reach (FR) Test as dynamic balance tests. In general, low-moderate correlations were found between the two types of balance tests. For women, age and static balance parameters explained 28.1–40.4% of the variance of TUG scores and 14.6–24% of the variance of FR scores. For men, age and static balance parameters explained 9.5–31.2% of the varianc...
Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 2015
| Background: muscle strength and power are two factors affecting balance. The impact of muscle strength and power on postural control has not been fully explored among different age strata over sixty. Objectives: the aim of the present study was to assess the muscle strength and power of elderly women in different age groups and determine their correlation with postural control. Method: eighty women were divided into four groups: the young 18-30 age group (n=20); the 60-64 age group (n=20); the 65-69 age group (n=20); and the 70-74 age group (n=20). The participants underwent maximum strength (one repetition maximum or 1-RM) and muscle power tests to assess the knee extensor and flexor muscles at 40%, 70%, and 90% 1-RM intensity. The time required by participants to recover their balance after disturbing their base of support was also assessed. Results: the elderly women in the 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 age groups exhibited similar muscle strength, power, and postural control (p>0.05); however, these values were lower than those of the young group (p<0.05) as expected. There was a correlation between muscle strength and power and the postural control performance (p<0.05). Conclusion: despite the age difference, elderly women aged 60 to 74 years exhibited similar abilities to generate strength and power with their lower limbs, and this ability could be one factor that explains the similar postural control shown by these women.
Postural control among normal population of different age groups
International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 2016
Postural sway increases with age. Hence, it is important to study the changes in postural balance that occur with aging. Deterioration in postural control in elderly populations can be proved or explained by impaired cognitive function. 1-3 Also, decline in sensory inputs such as visual, vestibular, and somatosensory input lead to decline in motor responses with deterioration in sensory integration systems and other musculoskeletal and neuromuscular systems. These result in decreased muscle strength, impaired knee or plantar reflexes, slow reaction time, and decreased efficacy of protective movement. 2-4 Computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) is used to ABSTRACT Background: Postural control continues to change in later stages of life. Age-related changes may occur within or between subsystems involved in postural control. It is thought clinically that these changes are important as they often result in falls & injury. The aim of the work was to compare the balance characteristics among different age groups using computerized dynamic posturography to provide clinicians with normal references. Methods: Inclusion criteria were study group consisted of (30) normal healthy individuals, age range 16-79 years, with neither hearing nor vestibular complaints. It was divided into 3 age groups, each group consisted of 10 patients. Group (A) young-16-39 years, group (B) middle-40-59 years and group (C) elderly-60-79 years. Exclusion criteria were history of neuromuscular or neuroskeletal disease, symptoms of unsteadiness, dizziness or vertigo, symptoms of impaired sensory function, symptoms of arthritis or lower limb problem, symptoms of uncorrected visual problems, symptoms of postural hypotension or diabetes, medication intake such as sedatives, hypnotics, anxiolytics & antidepressants. All participants were subjected to full history taking, otologic examination, basic audiologic evaluation, computerized dynamic posturography which included sensory organization test, limits of stability and rhythmic weight shift. Results: Sensory organization test: The elderly group (C) had lowest equilibrium score with eyes open, closed & with conflicted visual cues on swayed surface (condition 6) and also this group have lowest percentage of SOT strategy. There was a statistically significant difference among A & C groups when using sensory organization test strategy in all conditions. Limits of stability test: The elderly group has higher overall reaction time. There was statistically significant difference in all conditions of limits of stability as regards directional control. Rhythmic weight shift right and left test: There was a statistically significant difference between groups A & C in low & medium speed on on-axis velocity & directional control. Rhythmic weight shift front & back test: There was no statistically significant difference between all groups as regards on-axis velocity. There was highly statistically significant difference between all groups in all trials as regards directional control. Conclusions: Postural instability occurs frequently in healthy elderly subjects. Sensory organization test is the most effective test to compare balance function among different age groups.
The aim of this study was to characterize prolonged standing and its effect on postural control in elderly individuals in comparison to adults. It is unknown how elderly individuals behave during prolonged standing and how demanding such a task is for them. We recorded the center of pressure (COP) position of 14 elderly subjects and 14 adults while they performed prolonged standing (30 min) and quiet stance tasks (60 s) on a force plate. The number and amplitude of the COP patterns, the root mean square (RMS), speed, and frequency of the COP sway were analyzed. The elderly subjects were able to stand for prolonged periods but they produced postural changes of lesser amplitude and a decreased sway during the prolonged standing task. Both the adults and the elderly subjects were influenced by the prolonged standing task, as demonstrated by their increased COP RMS and COP speed in the quiet standing trial after the prolonged standing task, in comparison to the trial before. We suggest that the lack of mobility in elderly subjects may be responsible for the observed sub-optimal postural changes in this group. The inability of elderly individuals to generate similar responses to adults during prolonged standing may contribute to the increased risk of falls in the older population. #
Dynamic Components of Postural Control in Women Aged 60–74 Years with Different Rates of Ageing
Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V.Lomonosov. Series "Medical and Biological Sciences", 2016
This article presents the results of the study into the dynamic components of postural control in women aged 60-74 years with different rates of ageing. The research involved women with low (n = 83) and normal (n = 85) rates of ageing. To assess the dynamic components of postural control we used the computer-aided stabilometric complex Balance Master. In Sit-to-Stand test women with normal rate of ageing showed decreased rising index and increased sway velocity. These data suggest reduced adaptive abilities as well as changes in the neurophysiological mechanisms of holding posture at quick rising from a seated position in women with normal rate of ageing compared to those with low rate of ageing. The Walk Across test revealed increased step width and reduced gait speed in women with normal rate of ageing. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in Tandem Walk test, which indicates that no changes take place either in the adaptation abilities or neurophysiological mechanisms of postural control in women 60-74 years old with normal rate of ageing. We suggest that the preservation of effective coordination during walking in older women will have a positive effect on their life expectancy. Further, in Step/Quick Turn test, prolonged turn time to the left and to the right as well as increased turn sway were observed in older women with normal rate of ageing compared to those with low rate of ageing. These data suggest reduced adaptive abilities and changes in the neurophysiological mechanisms of complex motor acts in women with normal rate of ageing.